form10q.htm
 
 
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 
---------------------------------------------
 
FORM 10-Q
 
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2010
 
 of
COMPUCREDIT HOLDINGS CORPORATION
 
a Georgia Corporation
 
IRS Employer Identification No. 58-2336689
 
SEC File Number 0-53717
 
Five Concourse Parkway, Suite 400
 
Atlanta, Georgia 30328
 
(770) 828-2000

 
 
 
CompuCredit’s common stock, no par value per share, is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”).
 
CompuCredit (1) is required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act, (2) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act during the preceding 12 months and (3) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past ninety days.  CompuCredit Holdings Corporation is not yet required to file Interactive Data Files.
 
CompuCredit is a smaller reporting company and is not a shell company.
 
As of July 31, 2010, 35,793,965 shares of common stock, no par value, of the registrant were outstanding. (This excludes 2,252,388 loaned shares to be returned as of that date.)

 
 


COMPUCREDIT HOLDINGS CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
 

 
     
Page
 
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.
     
      1  
      2  
      3  
      4  
      5  
      6  
Item 2.
    32  
Item 3.
    67  
Item 4.
    67  
 
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
           
Item 1.
    68  
Item 1A.
    68  
Item 6.
    90  
         




 
 


CompuCredit Holdings Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands)
 
   
June 30, 2010
   
December 31, 2009
 
   
           (Unaudited)
       
Assets
           
Cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash of $41,580 at June 30, 2010 and $5,636 at December 31, 2009)
  $ 109,865     $ 190,655  
Securitized earning assets
          36,514  
Loans and fees receivable:
               
Loans and fees receivable, net (of $6,836 and $7,030 in deferred revenue and $15,459 and $15,030 in allowances for uncollectible loans and fees receivable at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively)
    71,663       70,928  
Loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, net (of $23,789 and $33,864 in deferred revenue and $33,083 and $38,414 in allowances for uncollectible loans and fees receivable at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively)
    163,698       214,439  
Loans and fees receivable, at fair value
    19,277       42,299  
Loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, at fair value
    530,334        
Investments in previously charged-off receivables
    33,297       29,669  
Investments in securities
    78,583       2,629  
Deferred costs, net
    3,672       4,432  
Property at cost, net of depreciation
    25,532       32,263  
Investments in equity-method investees
    11,092       13,517  
Intangibles, net
    2,599       2,816  
Goodwill
    42,147       43,422  
Income tax asset, net
          32,695  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    25,107       32,554  
Total assets
  $ 1,116,866     $ 748,832  
Liabilities
               
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
  $ 69,268     $ 67,295  
Notes payable associated with structured financings, at face value
    131,846       164,368  
Notes payable associated with structured financings, at fair value
    516,510        
Convertible senior notes (Note 10)
    253,345       307,573  
Deferred revenue 
    1,644       1,875  
Income tax liability
    63,123        
Total liabilities
    1,035,736       541,111  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)
               
                 
Equity
               
Common stock, no par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized: 46,291,997 shares issued and 38,047,750 shares outstanding at June 30, 2010 (including 2,252,388 loaned shares to be returned); and 58,596,545 shares issued and 49,970,111 shares outstanding at December 31, 2009 (including 2,252,388 loaned shares to be returned)
           
Additional paid-in capital
    405,084       500,064  
Treasury stock, at cost, 8,244,247 and 8,626,434 shares at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009,  respectively
    (209,852 )     (219,714 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (6,969 )     (3,293 )
Retained deficit
    (125,190 )     (87,740 )
Total shareholders’ equity (Note 2)
    63,073       189,317  
Noncontrolling interests (Note 2)
    18,057       18,404  
Total equity
    81,130       207,721  
Total liabilities and equity (Note 2)
  $ 1,116,866     $ 748,832  
 
See accompanying notes.

 
1


CompuCredit Holdings Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Interest income:
                       
Consumer loans, including past due fees
  $ 69,179     $ 18,967     $ 153,367     $ 38,768  
Other
    343       252       369       581  
Total interest income
    69,522       19,219       153,736       39,349  
Interest expense
    (16,202 )     (10,018 )     (33,835 )     (20,210 )
Net interest income before fees and related income on earning assets and provision for losses on loans and fees receivable
    53,320       9,201       119,901       19,139  
Fees and related income on earning assets
    154,599       40,926       281,493       83,572  
Provision for losses on loans and fees receivable
    (167,213 )     (18,555 )     (340,627 )     (30,808 )
Net interest income, fees and related income on earning assets
    40,706       31,572       60,767       71,903  
Other operating income (loss):
                               
Loss on securitized earning assets
          (161,688 )           (313,714 )
Servicing income
    1,807       31,470       3,826       70,874  
Ancillary and interchange revenues
    2,763       5,229       5,994       11,227  
Gain on repurchase of convertible senior notes
    8,797             22,693       160  
Gain on buy-out of equity-method investee members
          20,990             20,990  
Equity in loss of equity-method investees
    (9,391 )     (7,833 )     (9,671 )     (10,015 )
Total other operating income (loss)
    3,976       (111,832 )     22,842       (220,478 )
Other operating expense:
                               
Salaries and benefits
    8,522       13,843       19,360       28,075  
Card and loan servicing
    34,701       53,121       76,236       110,750  
Marketing and solicitation
    5,780       3,908       11,143       8,054  
Depreciation
    3,624       5,314       7,116       11,641  
Goodwill impairment
          20,000             20,000  
Other
    21,623       25,309       39,393       50,503  
Total other operating expense
    74,250       121,495       153,248       229,023  
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes
    (29,568 )     (201,755 )     (69,639 )     (377,598 )
Income tax (expense) benefit
    (41 )     59,951       (1,100 )     120,590  
Loss from continuing operations
    (29,609 )     (141,804 )     (70,739 )     (257,008 )
Discontinued operations:
                               
Loss on discontinued operations before income taxes
          (6,750 )           (6,599 )
Income tax benefit
          2,363             2,310  
Loss on discontinued operations
          (4,387 )           (4,289 )
Net loss
    (29,609 )     (146,191 )     (70,739 )     (261,297 )
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests
    650       11,847       (1,001 )     14,436  
Net loss attributable to controlling interests
  $ (28,959 )   $ (134,344 )   $ (71,740 )   $ (246,861 )
Loss from continuing operations attributable to controlling interests per common share—basic
  $ (0.73 )   $ (2.72 )   $ (1.64 )   $ (5.09 )
Loss from continuing operations attributable to controlling interests per common share—diluted
  $ (0.73 )   $ (2.72 )   $ (1.64 )   $ (5.09 )
Loss on discontinued operations attributable to controlling interests per common share—basic
  $     $ (0.09 )   $     $ (0.09 )
Loss on discontinued operations attributable to controlling interests per common share—diluted
  $     $ (0.09 )   $     $ (0.09 )
Net loss attributable to controlling interests per common share—basic
  $ (0.73 )   $ (2.81 )   $ (1.64 )   $ (5.18 )
Net loss attributable to controlling interests per common share—diluted
  $ (0.73 )   $ (2.81 )   $ (1.64 )   $ (5.18 )
 
See accompanying notes.

 
2


CompuCredit Holdings Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)

   
Common Stock
                                           
   
Shares Issued
   
Amount
   
Additional Paid-In Capital
   
Treasury Stock
   
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
   
Retained
Deficit
   
Noncontrolling Interests
   
Comprehensive Loss
   
Total Equity
 
Balance at December 31, 2009
    58,596,545     $     $ 500,064     $ (219,714 )   $ (3,293 )   $ (87,740 )   $ 18,404           $ 207,721  
Cumulative effect of accounting pronouncement adoption (see Note 2)
                                  34,449       3,231             37,680  
Retirement of shares
    (12,180,604 )             (85,264 )                                   (85,264 )
Use of treasury stock for stock-based compensation plans
    (299,687 )           (10,325 )     10,484             (159 )                  
Issuance of restricted stock
    175,743                                                  
Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation costs
                5,470                                     5,470  
Purchase of treasury stock
                      (622 )                             (622 )
Tax effects of stock-based compensation plans
                (1,443 )                                   (1,443 )
Repurchase of noncontrolling interests
                (3,418 )                       (4,119 )           (7,537 )
Distributions to owners of noncontrolling interests
                                        (460 )           (460 )
Net loss
                                  (71,740 )     1,001     $ (70,739 )     (70,739 )
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
                            (3,676 )                 (3,676 )     (3,676 )
Comprehensive loss
                                            $ (74,415 )      
Balance at June 30, 2010
    46,291,997     $     $ 405,084     $ (209,852 )   $ (6,969 )   $ (125,190 )   $ 18,057             $ 81,130  
 
 
See accompanying notes.

 
3


CompuCredit Holdings Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
 
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Net loss
  $ (29,609 )   $ (146,191 )   $ (70,739 )   $ (261,297 )
Other comprehensive loss:
                               
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    (1,329 )     15,075       (3,677 )     13,247  
Income tax (expense) benefit related to other comprehensive loss
    (2 )     (12,347 )     1       (11,907 )
Comprehensive loss
    (30,940 )     (143,463 )     (74,415 )     (259,957 )
Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests
    650       11,802       (1,001 )     14,438  
Comprehensive loss attributable to controlling interests
  $ (30,290 )   $ (131,661 )   $ (75,416 )   $ (245,519 )
 
See accompanying notes.
 

 
4


CompuCredit Holdings Corporation and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Operating activities
           
Net loss
  $ (70,739 )   $ (261,297 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation expense
    7,116       11,682  
Impairment of goodwill
          23,483  
Provision for losses on loans and fees receivable
    340,627       31,500  
Amortization and impairment of intangibles
    217       1,203  
Accretion of deferred revenue
    (231 )     (230 )
Accretion of discount on convertible senior notes
    5,051       4,991  
Stock-based compensation expense
    5,470       4,387  
Retained interests adjustments, net
          526,832  
Unrealized gain on loans and fees receivable and underlying notes payable held at fair value
    (175,857 )      
Unrealized gain on trading securities
    (148 )     (163 )
Gain on repurchase of convertible senior notes
    (22,693 )     (160 )
Loss on equity-method investments
    9,671        
Gain on buy-out of equity-method investee members
          (20,990 )
Changes in assets and liabilities, exclusive of business acquisitions:
               
Decrease in uncollected fees on loans receivable
    6,794       6,508  
Decrease (increase) in JRAS auto loans receivable
    22,071       (16,176 )
Decrease in deferred costs
    504       652  
Increase (decrease) in income tax liability
    94,511       (123,513 )
Decrease in prepaid expenses
    4,313       4,845  
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses
    394       (20,445 )
Other
    4,961       4,527  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    232,032       177,636  
Investing activities
               
Purchase of third-party interest in equity-method investee
          (19,542 )
(Increase) decrease in restricted cash
    (21,862 )     2,172  
Proceeds from equity-method investees
    3,524       50,633  
Investments in securitized earning assets
          (340,818 )
Proceeds from securitized earning assets
          186,844  
Investments in earning assets
    (520,558 )     (426,809 )
Proceeds from earning assets
    575,216       425,533  
Acquisitions of assets
          (621
Purchases and development of property, net of disposals
    (594 )     (2,084 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    35,726       (124,692 )
Financing activities
               
Noncontrolling interests distributions, net
    (460 )     (756 )
Purchases of treasury stock
    (622 )     (115 )
Purchases of noncontrolling interests
    (7,537 )     (1,096
Purchase of outstanding stock subject to tender offer
    (85,264 )      
Proceeds from borrowings
    6,397       41,351  
Repayments of borrowings
    (295,795 )     (83,044 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (383,281 )     (43,660 )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
    (1,211 )     1,099  
Net (decrease) increase in unrestricted cash
    (116,734 )     10,383  
Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    185,019       74,515  
Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 68,285     $ 84,898  
Supplemental cash flow information
               
Effect of adoption of accounting pronouncements on restricted cash
  $ (14,082 )      
Cash paid for interest
  $ 29,472     $ 16,116  
Net cash income tax (refunds) payments
  $ (93,456 )   $ 613  
Supplemental non-cash information
               
Notes payable associated with capital leases
  $ 811     $ 1,385  
Issuance of stock options and restricted stock
  $ 1,127     $ 1,129  
See accompanying notes.

 
5


 CompuCredit Holdings Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2010
 
1.  
Basis of Presentation
 
We have prepared our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments considered necessary to fairly state the results for the interim periods presented have been included.
 
The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Certain estimates, such as credit losses, payment rates, costs of funds, discount rates and the yields earned on credit card receivables significantly affect the reported amount of two categories of credit card receivables that we report at fair value and our notes payable associated with structured financings, at fair value, as reported on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2010, as well as the reported fair value of our securitized earning assets on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2009; these same estimates likewise affect our changes in fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value and changes in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value categories within our fees and related income on earning assets line item on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, as well as our reported loss on retained interests in credit card receivables securitized which is a component of loss on securitized earning assets on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. Additionally, estimates of future credit losses on our loans and fees receivable that we report at net realizable value, rather than fair value, have a significant effect on two categories of such loans and fees receivable, net, that we show on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, as well as on the provision for losses on loans and fees receivable within our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 are not necessarily indicative of what our results will be for the year ending December 31, 2010.
 
We have reclassified certain amounts in our prior period condensed consolidated financial statements to conform to current period presentation, and we have eliminated all significant intercompany balances and transactions for financial reporting purposes.
 
In connection with our consideration of a potential spin-off our U.S. and U.K. micro-loan businesses, one of our subsidiaries, Purpose Financial Holdings, Inc. (“Purpose Financial”), filed a Form 10 Registration Statement and a related Information Statement with the SEC on January 4, 2010 and amended the Form 10 Registration Statement and related Information Statement in response to SEC comments most recently on May 28, 2010.  The spin-off remains subject to a number of conditions, including, among others:
 
·  
a recommendation by our management to our Board of Directors to approve the spin-off;
 
·  
approval from our Board of Directors;
 
·  
the SEC’s declaration of Purpose Financial’s registration statement on Form 10 to be effective;
 
·  
our and Purpose Financial’s receipt of any required permits, registrations and consents required under the securities or blue sky laws of states or other political subdivisions of the U.S. or of foreign jurisdictions in connection with the spin-off;
 
·  
the continued effectiveness of the private letter ruling that we received from the Internal Revenue Service;
 
·  
NASDAQ’s approval for listing of Purpose Financial’s common stock, subject to official notice of issuance;
 

 
6


 
·  
the transfer of our micro-loan businesses, and the associated licenses and registrations relating to these businesses, to Purpose Financial;
 
 
·  
the execution by the parties of separation and distribution agreements, transition services agreements, services agreements, employee matters agreements, tax sharing agreements, sublease and other appropriate agreements; and
 
·  
the lack of any effective order, injunction or decree issued by any court of competent jurisdiction or other legal restraint or prohibition preventing consummation of the spin-off or any of the transactions related thereto, including the transfers of assets and liabilities contemplated by the separation and distribution agreement.
 
 
We cannot assure you that any or all of these conditions will be met.
 
 
2.
Significant Accounting Policies and Condensed Consolidated Financial Statement Components
 
 
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies we follow in preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as a description of significant components of our condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
Restricted Cash
 
Restricted cash includes (1) certain collections on receivables within our Credit Cards segment (only as of the June 30, 2010 condensed consolidated balance sheet date pursuant to the accounting rules changes described in “Asset Securitization” below) and Auto Finance segment, the cash balances of which are required to be distributed to note holders under our debt facilities, and (2) cash collateral balances underlying standby letters of credit that have been issued in favor of certain regulators in connection with our retail micro-loan activities.
 
 Asset Securitization
 
At December 31, 2009, most of our credit card receivables were held by off-balance-sheet securitization trusts.  In June 2009, however, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued new accounting rules that resulted in the consolidation of our securitization trusts onto our consolidated balance sheet effective as of January 1, 2010. As a result of these new accounting rules, cash and credit card receivables held by our securitization trusts and debt issued from those entities are presented as assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2010. Throughout the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements, we use the term “securitizations” to refer to pre-2010 activities of our then-categorized off-balance-sheet securitization trusts (qualifying special purposes entities, or “QSPEs”). In contrast, we use the term “structured financings” to refer to non-recourse, asset-backed, on-balance-sheet debt financings either undertaken prior to 2010 or as accounted for under new accounting guidance effective as of January 1, 2010.
 
Loans and Fees Receivable
 
Our loans and fees receivable include:  (1) loans and fees receivable, at fair value; (2) loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, at fair value; (3) loans and fees receivable, net; and (4) loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, net;.
 
Loans and Fees Receivable, at Fair Value.  Our loans and fees receivable, at fair value, represent our de-securitized and reconsolidated lower-tier credit card receivables that are valued at fair value in our condensed consolidated financial statements, while our loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, at fair value, represent the receivables underlying our remaining credit card securitization trusts that were consolidated pursuant to accounting rules changes on January 1, 2010. Further details concerning our loans and fees receivable held at fair value are presented within Note 9, “Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities.”
 
Loans and Fees Receivable, Net.  Our two categories of loans and fees receivable, net, currently consist of receivables carried at net realizable value associated with our retail and Internet micro-loan activities, our auto

 
7


 
finance business and credit card accounts opened under our Investment in Previously Charged-off Receivables segment’s balance transfer program.  This latter category of balance transfer program receivables is included as a component of our Credit Card segment data and aggregated $14.5 million (net of allowances for uncollectible loans and fees receivable and deferred revenue) or 1.8% of our consolidated loans and fees receivable (net or at fair value) as of June 30, 2010.
 
As applicable, we show loans and fees receivable net of both an allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable and unearned fees (or “deferred revenue”) in accordance with applicable accounting rules. We also divide our loans and fees receivable, net, into two separate categories on our condensed consolidated balance sheet:  (1) those that are unencumbered by asset-backed debt; and (2) those that are pledged as collateral for non-recourse asset-backed debt facilities.
 
The components of our aggregated categories of loans and fees receivable, net (in millions) as of the date of each of our condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows:
 

   
Balance at
December 31, 2009
   
Additions
   
Subtractions
   
Balance at
June 30, 2010
 
Loans and fees receivable, gross
  $ 379.7     $ 526.7     $ (591.9 )   $ 314.5  
Deferred revenue
    (40.9 )     (25.5 )     35.8       (30.6 )
Allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable
    (53.4 )     (36.0 )     40.9       (48.5 )
Loans and fees receivable, net
  $ 285.4     $ 465.2     $ (515.2 )   $ 235.4  
 
As of June 30, 2010, the weighted average remaining accretion period for the $30.6 million of deferred revenue reflected in the above tables is 20 months.
 
A roll-forward of our allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable, net (in millions) is as follows:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Balance at beginning of period
  $ (50.8 )   $ (53.5 )   $ (53.4 )   $ (55.8 )
Provision for losses on loans and fees receivable
    (16.0 )     (18.6 )     (36.0 )     (30.8 )
Charge offs
    21.3       16.7       46.2       32.8  
Recoveries
    (3.0 )     (1.3 )     (5.3 )     (2.9 )
Balance at end of period
  $ (48.5 )   $ (56.7 )   $ (48.5 )   $ (56.7 )
 

 

 
8


 
Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables
 
The following table shows (in thousands) a roll-forward of our investments in previously charged-off receivables activities:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Unrecovered balance at beginning of period
  $ 25,985     $ 55,488     $ 29,669     $ 47,676  
Acquisitions of defaulted accounts
    12,973       14,278       16,570       31,651  
Cash collections
    (14,119 )     (14,341 )     (28,700 )     (28,221 )
Cost-recovery method income recognized on defaulted accounts (included as a component of fees and related income on earning assets on our condensed consolidated statements of operations)
    8,458       3,846       15,758       8,165  
Unrecovered balance at end of period
  $ 33,297     $ 59,271     $ 33,297     $ 59,271  
Estimated remaining collections (“ERC”) (1)
  $ 102,913     $ 125,844     $ 102,913     $ 125,844  
 
(1)  
We anticipate collecting 43.8% of the ERC of the existing accounts over the next 12 months, with the balance to be collected thereafter.
 
We estimate the life of each pool of previously charged-off receivables acquired by us generally to be between 24 and 36 months for normal delinquency charged-off accounts and approximately 60 months for Chapter 13 Bankruptcy-related debt.
 
Previously charged-off receivables held as of June 30, 2010 are comprised principally of:  normal delinquency charged-off accounts; charged-off accounts associated with Chapter 13 Bankruptcy-related debt; and charged-off accounts acquired through our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s balance transfer program prior to such time as credit cards are issued relating to the program’s underlying accounts. At June 30, 2010, $10.9 million of our investments in previously charged-off receivables balance was comprised of previously charged-off receivables that our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment purchased from our other consolidated subsidiaries, and in determining our net income or loss as reflected on our consolidated statements of operations, we eliminate all material intercompany profits that are associated with these transactions.
 
Comparisons of data as of and for the three months ended June 30, 2010 with data as of and for the three months ended June 30, 2009 are affected by a 2005 forward flow contract into which our Investment in Previously Charged-off Receivables segment had entered to sell previously charged-off receivables to Encore Capital Group, Inc. (“Encore”)—a forward flow contract that subsequently terminated in the third quarter of 2009. In that quarter, we resolved disputes that had arisen with Encore under the contract, thereby resulting in the recognition of $21.2 million in then-deferred revenue in the third quarter of 2009 and a corresponding release of $8.7 million in escrowed restricted cash—both in exchange for Encore’s purchase of previously charged-off credit card receivables that had been offered to Encore throughout the period covered by the forward flow agreement (and that had built up on our consolidated balance sheet throughout the latter half of 2008 and through September 2009) and Encore’s resumed offering of volumes of previously charged-off receivables it has purchased for placement under our balance transfer program. Inclusive of all liabilities extinguished and amounts received and paid in connection with our settlement with Encore, the settlement resulted in a net pre-tax gain of $11.0 million on our consolidated statement of operations for three months ended September 30, 2009.

 
9


Investments in Securities
 
We periodically invest in debt and equity securities, some of which we classify as trading securities and with respect to which we include realized and unrealized gains and losses in earnings, and some of which we classify as held to maturity or available for sale.  Additionally, we occasionally have received distributions of debt securities from our equity-method investees ($1.0 million held at June 30, 2010), and we have classified such distributed debt securities as held to maturity. As appropriate, we may invest in securities we believe provide returns in excess of those realized in our cash accounts.  Such was the case in the first quarter of 2010 during which we invested $75.0 million in publicly traded bond funds whose investment objectives are to invest in highly rated, investment-grade securities.  The carrying values (in thousands) of our investments in debt and equity securities are as follows:
   
As of
 
   
June 30, 2010
   
December 31, 2009
 
Held to maturity:
           
Investments in debt securities
  $ 1,009     $ 2,060  
Available for sale:
               
Investments in equity securities
    1,707        
Trading:
               
Investments in debt securities
    75,108        
Investments in equity securities
    759       569  
Total investments in debt and equity securities
  $ 78,583     $ 2,629  
 
Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets
 
Prepaid expenses and other assets include amounts paid to third parties for marketing and other services. Also included are (1) various deposits (totaling $1.1 million and $6.2 million as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively) required to be maintained with our third-party issuing bank partners and retail electronic payment network providers (including $0.4 million and $4.9 million as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively, associated with our ongoing servicing efforts in the U.K.), (2) vehicle inventory ($0.9 million and $4.1 million as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively) held by our buy-here, pay-here auto operations that we expense as cost of goods sold (within fees and related income on earning assets on our condensed consolidated statements of operations) as we earn associated sales revenues, and (3) a $10.0 million deposit at a former third-party issuing bank partner (Columbus Bank and Trust Company) that is the subject of broader pending litigation between Columbus Bank and Trust Company and Synovus Financial Corporation (collectively, “CB&T”) and us.  See Note 11, “Commitments and Contingencies,” for additional information regarding this outstanding litigation.
 
Deferred Costs
 
The principal components of our deferred costs historically have been unamortized costs associated with our (1) issuances of convertible senior notes and other debt facilities and (2) receivables origination activities. On January 1, 2009, we were required to adopt a GAAP pronouncement that resulted in the reclassification of $4.8 million of deferred loan costs associated with our convertible senior notes as a reduction to equity. See Note 10, “Convertible Senior Notes and Notes Payable,” for additional effects of our adoption of this pronouncement.
 
Income Taxes
 
We account for income taxes based on the liability method required by applicable accounting rules. Under the liability method, deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Additionally, we assess the probability that a tax position we have taken may not ultimately be sustained on audit, and we reevaluate our uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis. We base these reevaluations on factors including, but not limited to, changes in facts and circumstances, changes in tax laws, effectively settled issues under audit, and new audit activity.  A change in recognition or measurement would result in the recognition of a tax benefit or an additional charge to tax expense.
 

 
10


 
The accounting rules also require that we assess the need to establish a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets by evaluating available evidence to determine whether it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized in the future.  To the extent there is insufficient positive evidence to support the realization of the deferred tax assets, we establish a valuation allowance.
 
We conduct business globally, and as a result, one or more of our subsidiaries files U.S. federal, state and/or foreign income tax returns. In the normal course of business we are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as the U.S., the U.K., and the Netherlands. With a few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, local, or foreign income tax examinations for years prior to 2006. Currently, we are under audit by various jurisdictions for various years, including by the Internal Revenue Service for the 2007 and 2008 tax years. Although the audits have not been concluded, we do not expect any changes to our reported tax positions in those years that would have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
 
We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.  We recognized $0.6 million and $1.2 million in potential interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, compared to $.7 million and $1.4 million during the three and six months ended June 30 2009, respectively.  To the extent such interest and penalties are not assessed as a result of a resolution of the underlying tax position, amounts accrued will be reduced and reflected as a reduction of income tax expense; we experienced no such reductions during the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
 
We generally do not provide for income taxes on the undistributed earnings of our U.K. Internet micro-loan subsidiaries because we intend to reinvest these earnings indefinitely to finance foreign activities.  Because this treatment is premised on our future plans and expectations of future events, the possibility exists that amounts we declare as indefinitely reinvested offshore may ultimately be repatriated.  For instance, the actual cash needs of our U.S. entities may exceed our current expectations, or the actual cash needs of our foreign entities may be less than our current expectations.  These additional foreign earnings could be subject to additional tax if remitted, or deemed remitted, as a dividend, in the year in which we determine that amounts are no longer intended to be indefinitely reinvested offshore. Such a deemed remittance occurred in the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 due to expiration of a long-standing U.S. income tax deferral provision which historically had shielded active finance company income earned in foreign jurisdictions from U.S. income tax. Although the active finance company income provisions expired for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2010, the U.S. Congress currently is working on legislation that would retroactively extend the active finance company income exception and permit retroactive and ongoing deferral of such income. Our specific foreign income source that previously had been protected from U.S. income taxation by reason of the active finance company income exception is the income earned by our U.K. Internet micro-loan operations. Although we cannot and did not assume enactment of laws to extend the active finance company income exception, the expiration of the exception had no effect on our effective tax rate during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 due to the effects of valuation allowances that we maintain against net deferred tax assets. The expiration did, however, affect our computation (in the paragraph that follows) of what our effective tax rates as determined before the effects of valuation allowance changes would more likely than not have been for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010.

Our overall effective tax rates (computed considering results for both continuing and discontinued operations before income taxes in the aggregate) were -0.1% and -1.6% for three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, compared to 29.9% and 31.9% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. We have experienced no material changes in effective tax rates associated with differences in filing jurisdictions between these periods, and the variations in effective tax rates between these periods are substantially related to the effects of changes in valuation allowances provided against income statement-oriented U.S. federal, foreign and state deferred tax assets ($5.7 million and $18.0 million increases in valuation allowances, respectively, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, versus a corresponding $10.7 million increase in valuation allowances during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009). As computed without regard to the effects of all changes in U.S. federal, foreign, state, and local tax valuation allowances taken against income statement-oriented deferred tax assets, our effective tax rates would more likely than not have been 19.3% and 24.3% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, compared to 35% and 33.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively.

 
11


Our negative effective tax rate during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 results from the fact that we incurred net losses during such periods, while at the same time we incurred (1) U.K. tax expense associated with our profitable MEM operations (such U.K. tax expenses exceeding the recognized tax benefits (after valuation allowances) on our U.S. losses) and (2) interest accruals on unrecognized tax benefits.
 
Fees and Related Income on Earning Assets
 
Fees and related income on earning assets primarily include:  (1) lending fees associated with our retail and Internet micro-loan activities; (2) fees associated with our credit card receivables during periods in which we hold them on balance sheet; (3) changes in the fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value; (4) changes in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value; (5) income on our investments in previously charged-off receivables; (6) gross profits and losses from auto sales within our Auto Finance segment; and (7) gains associated with our investments in securities.
 
The components (in thousands) of our fees and related income on earning assets are as follows:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Retail micro-loan fees
  $ 17,079     $ 16,566     $ 35,266     $ 33,242  
Internet micro-loan fees
    20,813       15,104       40,055       26,892  
Fees on credit card receivables held on balance sheet
    6,269             15,859        
Changes in fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value(1)
    84,753             125,663        
Changes in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value
    17,598             50,194        
Income on investments in previously charged-off receivables
    8,458       3,846       15,758       8,165  
Gross (loss) profit on auto sales
    (127 )     5,138       (1,649 )     13,609  
Gains on investments in securities
    88       86       148       163  
Other
    (332 )     186       199       1,501  
Total fees and related income on earning assets
  $ 154,599     $ 40,926     $ 281,493     $ 83,572  
 
(1)  
The above changes in fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value excludes the impact of charge-offs associated with these receivables which are separately included as a component of our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable. See Note 9, “Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities,” for further discussion of these receivables and their effects on our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
 
Loss on Securitized Earning Assets
 
Loss on securitized earning assets is the net of (1) securitization gains, (2) loss on retained interests in credit card receivables securitized, and (3) returned-check, cash advance and certain other fees associated with our securitized credit card receivables, all of which are detailed (in thousands) in the following table. This category on our condensed consolidated statement of operations is not applicable in 2010 given our consolidation of all of our former off-balance-sheet securitization trusts as required by accounting rules changes effective at the beginning of 2010.
 
   
For the Three Months
Ended June 30, 2009
   
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, 2009
 
Loss on retained interests in credit card receivables securitized
  $ (165,579 )   $ (323,834 )
Fees on securitized receivables
     3,891       10,120  
Total loss on securitized earning assets
  $ (161,688 )   $ (313,714 )
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In January 2010, the FASB issued new rules concerning fair value measurement disclosures.  The new disclosures require that we discuss the valuation techniques and inputs used to develop our fair value measurements

 
12


 
and the effect that unobservable inputs may have on those measurements. Additional disclosure enhancements include disclosures of transfers in and/or out of Level 1, 2 or 3 and the reasons for those transfers.  The enhanced disclosures are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements relating to Level 3 measurements, which are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2010.  The adoption of these new disclosure requirements that are effective for us in 2010 are reflected in our accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
In October 2009, the FASB issued new rules providing that at the date of issuance, a share-lending arrangement entered into on an entity's own shares in contemplation of a convertible debt offering or other financing is required to be measured at fair value and recognized as a debt issuance cost in the financial statements of the entity. The debt issuance cost is required to be amortized using the effective interest method over the life of the financing arrangement as interest cost.  The new rules also provide that the loaned shares are excluded from basic and diluted earnings per share unless default of the share-lending arrangement occurs, at which time the loaned shares would be included in the common and diluted earnings per share calculations.  These new rules are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2009 and are to be applied retrospectively to all arrangements outstanding on the effective date and apply to loaned shares issued in connection with our November 2005 convertible senior notes.  Our implementation of these new rules had no effect on our consolidated financial statements during any period presented.
 
In June 2009, the FASB issued new accounting rules that, in addition to requiring certain new securitization and structured financing-related disclosures that we have incorporated into our condensed consolidated financial statements, resulted in the consolidation of our securitization trusts onto our condensed consolidated balance sheet effective as of January 1, 2010. As a result of these new accounting rules, cash and credit card receivables held by our securitization trusts and debt issued from those entities are presented as assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet effective on that date. Moreover, after adoption of these new accounting rules, we no longer reflect our securitization trusts’ results of operations within losses on retained interests in credit card receivables securitized, but instead report interest income and provisions for loan losses (as well as gains and/or losses associated with fair value changes) with respect to the credit card receivables held within our securitization trusts; similarly, we separately report interest expense (as well as gains and/or losses associated with fair value changes) with respect to the debt issued from the securitization trusts. Lastly, because we account for our securitization transactions under the new rules as secured borrowings rather than asset sales, we present the cash flows from these transactions as cash flows from financing activities, rather than as cash flows from investing activities. As noted on our condensed consolidated statement of equity for the three months ended June 30, 2010, our January 1, 2010 adoption of these rules resulted in an increase in total equity of $37.7 million.
 
In May 2008, the FASB issued new rules addressing convertible instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement). These rules address instruments commonly referred to as Instrument C type instruments. Those instruments essentially require the issuer to settle the principal amount in cash and the conversion spread in cash or net shares at the issuer’s option. These rules are effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2008, did not permit early application, and are required to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. Our January 1, 2009 adoption of these rules resulted in an increase in total equity of $56.1 million.
 
Subsequent Events
 
We evaluate events that occur subsequent to our condensed consolidated balance sheet date but before our condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. There are two types of subsequent events:  (1) recognized, or those that provide additional evidence with respect to conditions that existed at the balance sheet date, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements; and (2) nonrecognized, or those that provide evidence with respect to conditions that did not exist at the balance sheet date but arose subsequent to that date. We have evaluated subsequent events, and based on our review, we did not identify any recognized or nonrecognized subsequent events that would have required adjustments to or disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

 
13


 
3.           Discontinued Operations
 
In May 2009, we discontinued our Retail Micro-Loans segment’s Arkansas operations based on regulatory opposition we faced within that state. Reflecting both our discontinued Arkansas operations, as well as those of other Retail Micro-Loans segment states that we discontinued in prior reporting periods, the components (in thousands) of our discontinued operations are as follows:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Net interest income, fees and related income on earning assets
  $     $ 375     $     $ 1,684  
Other operating expense
          863             2,021  
Estimated loss upon sale
          2,779             2,779  
Goodwill impairment
          3,483             3,483  
Loss before income taxes
          (6,750 )           (6,599 )
Income tax benefit
          2,363             2,310  
Net loss
  $     $ (4,387 )   $     $ (4,289 )
 
There were no discontinued assets held for sale on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009.
 
 
4.
Segment Reporting
 
We operate primarily within one industry consisting of five reportable segments by which we manage our business. Our five reportable segments are:  Credit Cards; Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables; Retail Micro-Loans; Auto Finance; and Internet Micro-Loans.  In March 2010, we acquired noncontrolling interests representing 6% of MEM (within our Internet Micro-Loans segment) for £4.3 million ($6.6 million), thereby reducing outstanding noncontrolling interests in MEM from 24% at December 31, 2009 to 18% as of June 30, 2010.  Also in March 2010, we acquired all of the noncontrolling interests in our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment for $1.0 million, such that we now own 100% of this segment.
 
Summary operating segment information (in thousands) is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010
 
Credit Cards
   
Investments in
Previously
Charged-Off
Receivables
   
Retail
Micro-Loans
   
Auto Finance
   
Internet Micro-Loans
   
Total
 
Net interest income, fees and related income on earning assets
  $ 2,237     $ 8,329     $ 14,201     $ 2,010     $ 13,929     $ 40,706  
Total other operating income
  $ 3,564     $ 275     $     $ 137     $     $ 3,976  
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes
  $ (29,625 )   $ 1,776     $ 1,501     $ (6,752 )   $ 3,532     $ (29,568 )
Loss on discontinued operations before income taxes
  $     $     $     $     $     $  
Loans and fees receivable, gross
  $ 18,452     $     $ 37,038     $ 220,572     $ 38,466     $ 314,528  
Loans and fees receivable, net
  $ 14,475     $     $ 30,754     $ 163,698     $ 26,434     $ 235,361  
Loans and fees receivable held at fair value
  $ 549,611     $     $     $     $     $ 549,611  
Total assets
  $ 764,731     $ 42,913     $ 64,280     $ 181,087     $ 63,855     $ 1,116,866  
 


 
14


 

Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
 
Credit Cards
   
Investments in
Previously
Charged-Off
Receivables
   
Retail
Micro-Loans
   
Auto Finance
   
Internet Micro-Loans
   
Total
 
Net interest income, fees and related income (loss) on earning assets
  $ (6,268 )   $ 3,743     $ 14,118     $ 9,414     $ 10,565     $ 31,572  
Total other operating (loss) income
  $ (111,950 )   $ 27     $     $ 90     $ 1     $ (111,832 )
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes
  $ (176,765 )   $ (7,049 )   $ (16,549 )   $ (6,165 )   $ 4,773     $ (201,755 )
Loss on discontinued operations before income taxes
  $     $     $ (6,750 )   $     $     $ (6,750 )
Loans and fees receivable, gross
  $ 1,385     $     $ 33,492     $ 325,854     $ 28,045     $ 388,776  
Loans and fees receivable, net
  $ 1,039     $     $ 27,811     $ 260,968     $ 19,413     $ 309,231  
Loans and fees receivable held at fair value
  $     $     $     $     $     $  
Total assets
  $ 609,806     $ 68,386     $ 66,793     $ 300,349     $ 61,021     $ 1,106,355  
 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2010
 
Credit Cards
   
Investments in
Previously
Charged-Off
Receivables
   
Retail
Micro-Loans
   
Auto Finance
   
Internet Micro-Loans
   
Total
 
Net interest income, fees and related income (loss) on earning assets
  $ (10,452 )   $ 15,489     $ 29,934     $ (2,264 )   $ 28,060     $ 60,767  
Total other operating income
  $ 21,921     $ 654     $     $ 267     $     $ 22,842  
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes
  $ (63,426 )   $ 2,757     $ 3,817     $ (21,279 )   $ 8,492     $ (69,639 )
Loss on discontinued operations before income taxes
  $     $     $     $     $     $  
Loans and fees receivable, gross
  $ 18,452     $     $ 37,038     $ 220,572     $ 38,466     $ 314,528  
Loans and fees receivable, net
  $ 14,475     $     $ 30,754     $ 163,698     $ 26,434     $ 235,361  
Loans and fees receivable held at fair value
  $ 549,611     $     $     $     $     $ 549,611  
Total assets
  $ 764,731     $ 42,913     $ 64,280     $ 181,087     $ 63,855     $ 1,116,866  
 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
 
Credit Cards
   
Investments in
Previously
Charged-Off
Receivables
   
Retail
Micro-Loans
   
Auto Finance
   
Internet Micro-Loans
   
Total
 
Net interest income, fees and related income (loss) on earning assets
  $ (11,884 )   $ 7,948     $ 28,492     $ 27,998     $ 19,349     $ 71,903  
Total other operating (loss) income
  $ (220,937 )   $ 55     $     $ 403     $ 1     $ (220,478 )
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes
  $ (354,790 )   $ (9,377 )   $ (17,627 )   $ (4,135 )   $ 8,331     $ (377,598 )
Loss on discontinued operations before income taxes
  $     $     $ (6,599 )   $     $     $ (6,599 )
Loans and fees receivable, gross
  $ 1,385     $     $ 33,492     $ 325,854     $ 28,045     $ 388,776  
Loans and fees receivable, net
  $ 1,039     $     $ 27,811     $ 260,968     $ 19,413     $ 309,231  
Loans and fees receivable held at fair value
  $     $     $     $     $     $  
Total assets
  $ 609,806     $ 68,386     $ 66,793     $ 300,349     $ 61,021     $ 1,106,355  
 


 
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5.            Shareholders’ Equity
 
Retired Shares
 
In 2009, 1,398,681 of previously lent shares were returned to us.  All returned shares are excluded from our outstanding share counts. As of June 30, 2010, we had 2,252,388 loaned shares outstanding.
 
Additionally, pursuant to the closing of a tender offer in May 2010, we repurchased 12,180,604 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $7.00 per share for an aggregate cost of $85.3 million.  These shares subsequently were retired.
 
Treasury Stock
 
At our discretion, we use treasury shares to satisfy option exercises and restricted stock vestings, and we use the cost approach when accounting for the repurchase and reissuance of our treasury stock. We reissued treasury shares totaling 131,210 and 514,686 at gross costs of $4.2 million and $10.5 million during three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, in satisfaction of restricted share and restricted share unit vestings; this compares to our reissuance of shares for these purposes of 8,006 and 111,644 at gross costs of $0.1 million and $2.0 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Additionally, by having employees who were exercising options or vesting in their restricted stock grants exchange a portion of their stock for our payment of required tax withholdings, we also effectively purchased shares totaling 43,212 and 132,499 at gross costs of $0.2 million and $0.6 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, compared to our effective purchase of 2,939 and 36,888 shares at gross costs of $0.01 million and $0.11 million, respectively, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively.
 
6.            Investments in Equity-Method Investees
 
In May 2009, we recognized a gain of $21.0 million that is separately classified on our consolidated statement of operations associated with our buy-out of the remaining members of our then-longest standing equity-method investee, CSG (which was formed in July 2002 to acquire retained interests in a securitization that included $1.2 billion in credit card receivables originated by Providian Financial Corporation). Subsequent to this buy-out event, we have included the operations of this former equity-method investee and its underlying assets and liabilities within our consolidated results of operations and consolidated balance sheet categories, as opposed to the income from equity-method investees and investment in equity-method investee categories.
 

 
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In the following tables, we summarize (in thousands) combined balance sheet and results of operations data for our equity-method investees (including 2009 results of operations data for CSG while we held it in equity-method investee form prior to our May 2009 buy-out of its other members):
 
   
As of
June 30, 2010
   
As of
December 31, 2009
 
Securitized earning assets
  $     $ 35,844  
Loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, at fair value
  $ 164,615     $  
Total assets
  $ 175,988     $ 38,332  
Notes payable associated with structured financings, at fair value
  $ 145,877     $  
Total liabilities
  $ 147,009     $ 1,319  
Members’ capital
  $ 28,979     $ 37,013  
 

   
For the Three Months
Ended June 30,
   
For the Six Months
Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Net interest income, fees and related loss on earning assets
  $ (25,303 )   $     $ (24,913 )   $  
Fees and related loss on securitized earning assets
  $     $ (22,841 )   $     $ (31,011 )
Total other operating income (loss)
  $ 1,064     $ (21,745 )   $ 2,483     $ (28,605 )
Net loss
  $ (27,891 )   $ (15,359 )   $ (30,339 )   $ (23,000 )
 
           Reflected in the above 2010 results are the impacts of new accounting rules that resulted in the consolidation of the equity-method investees’ securitization trusts (including their cash, receivables and underlying debt) onto their balance sheets at fair value effective January 1, 2010.  They experienced a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings of $25.5 million associated with this change.
 
7.            Goodwill and Intangible Assets
 
Goodwill
 
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price and related costs over the value assigned to net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and accounted for under the purchase method. Under applicable accounting rules, we are required to assess the fair value of all acquisition-related goodwill on a reporting unit basis. We review the recorded value of goodwill for impairment at least annually at the beginning of the fourth quarter of each year, or earlier if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may exceed fair value.
 
In connection with our May 2009 decision to discontinue our Arkansas retail micro-loan operations, we allocated goodwill between our retained Retail Micro-Loans segment operations and our discontinued Arkansas operations, thereby resulting in a $3.5 million impairment loss that is reported within loss on discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. In connection with this reallocation, we performed a valuation analysis with respect to the remaining goodwill associated with our continuing Retail Micro-Loans segment operations based on internal projections of residual cash flows and market data supporting valuation prices of similar companies at the time; this analysis yielded an additional $20.0 million goodwill impairment charge associated with continuing operations that is reflected within our consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.
 
In April 2007, one of our then-majority-owned subsidiaries (in which we now hold a 100% interest as of December 31, 2009) acquired 95% of the outstanding shares of MEM, our U.K.-based, Internet, micro-loan operations, for £11.6 million ($22.9 million) in cash as part of our underlying diversification efforts and to establish a micro-loan presence in the U.K. Under the original purchase agreement, a contingent performance-related earn-out could have been payable to the sellers on achievement of certain earnings measurements for the years ended 2007,

 
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2008 and 2009. The maximum amount payable under this earn-out was £120.0 million, although none of the earn-out performance conditions was satisfied for 2007 and 2008. The MEM acquisition agreement was amended in the first quarter of 2009 to remove the sellers’ earn-out rights in exchange for a net 22.5% continuing minority ownership interest in MEM and a cash payment of £434,000 ($621,000), the aggregate value of which reflected the estimated fair value of the earn-out arrangement as of December 31, 2009.  The settlement of the earn-out resulted in a re-measurement of the carrying value of our investment in MEM in accordance with applicable accounting standards and additional goodwill of $5.6 million.
 
Relative to respective December 31 balances, changes (in thousands) in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2010, respectively, by reportable segment are as follows:
 
   
Retail Micro-Loans
   
Internet Micro-Loans
   
Consolidated
 
Balance as of December 31, 2008
  $ 43,214     $ 15,915     $ 59,129  
Goodwill related to settlement of contingent performance-related earn-out
          5,553       5,553  
Impairment loss
    (23,483 )     —        (23,483 )
Foreign currency translation
    —        3,103       3,103  
Balance as of June 30, 2009
  $ 19,731     $ 24,571     $ 44,302  
Balance as of December 31, 2009
  $ 19,731     $ 23,691     $ 43,422  
Foreign currency translation
    —        (1,275 )     (1,275 )
Balance as of June 30, 2010
  $ 19,731     $ 22,416     $ 42,147  
 
Intangible Assets
 
In connection with our May 2009 decision to discontinue our Arkansas retail micro-loans operations, we allocated intangible assets that we determined had an indefinite benefit period between our retained Retail Micro-Loans segment operations and our discontinued Arkansas operations, thereby resulting in a $0.2 million impairment loss that is reported within loss on discontinued operations in for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. This valuation analysis was based on internal projections of residual cash flows and market data supporting valuation prices of similar companies at the time.
 
We had $2.1 million of remaining intangible assets that we determined had an indefinite benefit period as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. The net unamortized carrying amount of intangible assets subject to amortization was $0.5 million and $0.7 million as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. Intangible asset-related amortization expense was $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $0.5 million and $1.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively.

8.           Securitizations
 
This note provides historical off-balance-sheet credit card receivables “securitizations” data relative to our December 31, 2009 condensed consolidated balance sheet and our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. As noted previously in this report, the FASB issued new accounting rules that resulted in the consolidation of our securitization trusts (including their cash, receivables and underlying debt) onto our consolidated balance sheet effective as of January 1, 2010. As such, our 2010 condensed consolidated financial statements contain no comparable balances to the historical securitized earnings assets category, and associated income and loss categories, as shown in our condensed consolidated 2009 financial statements.
 

 
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The table below summarizes (in thousands) our securitization facility activities for the period prior to consolidation of our securitization trust. As with other tables included herein, it does not include the securitization activities of our equity-method investees:
 
   
As of and for the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009
   
As of and for the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009
 
Gross amount of receivables securitized at period end 
  $ 1,984,497     $ 1,984,497  
Proceeds from new transfers of financial assets to securitization trusts
  $ 213,102     $ 304,728  
Proceeds from collections reinvested in revolving-period securitizations
  $ 148,443     $ 275,462  
Excess cash flows received on retained interests
  $ 24,826     $ 55,484  
Loss on retained interests in credit card receivables securitized
  $ (165,579 )   $ (323,834 )
Fees on securitized receivables
     3,891        10,120  
Total loss on securitized earning assets
  $ (161,688 )   $ (313,714 )
 
Our retained interests in credit card receivables securitized (labeled as securitized earning assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets) include the following (in thousands) at December 31, 2009.  Amounts are not shown for 2010 due to the consolidation of these receivables on January 1, 2010:
 
   
As of December 31, 2009
 
I/O strip
  $  
Accrued interest and fees
     
Net servicing liability
    (15,458 )
Amounts due from securitization
    1,570  
Fair value of retained interests
    52,396  
Issuing bank partner continuing interests
    (1,994 )
Securitized earning assets
  $ 36,514  
 
Reflected within servicing income on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 were $31.5 million and $70.9 million, respectively of servicing income (fees) we received from our securitization trusts in that period. Changes in our net servicing liability for the six months ended June 30, 2009 are summarized (in millions) in the following table.
 
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
 
Net servicing liability at beginning of period
  $ 10.7  
Changes in fair value of net servicing liability due to changes in valuations inputs, including receivables levels within securitization trusts, length of servicing period, servicing costs and changes in servicing compensation rates
    12.3  
Balance at end of period
  $ 23.0  
 


 
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    Other key assumptions we used to estimate the fair value of our retained interests in the credit card receivables securitized as of December 31, 2009 are presented (as weighted averages) below:
 

   
As of
 December 31, 2009
 
Net collected yield (annualized)
    31.3 %
Principal payment rate (monthly)
    2.2 %
Expected principal credit loss rate (annualized)
    27.2 %
Residual cash flows discount rate
    18.8 %
Servicing liability discount rate
    14.0 %
Life (in months) of securitized credit card receivables
    45.4  

    Our managed receivables portfolio underlying our securitizations (including only those of our consolidated subsidiaries) as of June 30, 2009 was comprised of credit card receivables that we securitized and other investors’ shares of those securitized receivables. The following table summarizes (in thousands) the balances included within, and certain operating statistics associated with, our managed receivables portfolio underlying both the outside investors’ shares of and our retained interests in our credit card receivables securitizations as of June 30, 2009.  These figures include the results of our lower-tier credit cards prior to their re-consolidation in the fourth quarter of 2009.
 
   
As of and for the Three Months Ended
 June 30, 2009
 
Total managed principal balance
  $ 1,745,827  
Total managed finance charge and fee balance
    238,670  
Total managed receivables
    1,984,497  
Cash collateral at trust and amounts due from QSPEs
    482,606  
Total assets held by QSPEs
    2,467,103  
QSPE-issued notes to which we are subordinated
    (1,790,376 )
Face amount of residual interests in securitizations
  $ 676,727  
Receivables delinquent—60 or more days
  $ 313,493  
Net charge offs during the three months ended June 30, 2009
  $ 159,015  
 
    Data in the above table are aggregated from the various QSPEs supporting our securitizations as of June 30, 2009.
 
 
9.           Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
 
    Because we account for the credit card receivables underlying our formerly off-balance-sheet securitization trusts at fair value, accounting rules that required the consolidation of these securitization trusts effective January 1, 2010 also required that we account for any debt underlying our formerly securitized credit card receivables at fair value effective as of January 1, 2010.
 
    We elected the fair value option with respect to our investments in equity securities as well as our investments in loans and fees receivable associated with our credit card portfolios. With respect to our equity securities, we decided to measure these assets at fair value due to our intent to invest and redeem these investments with expected frequency. For our credit card loans and fees receivable and the notes payable that are secured by those receivables, both of which were contained in off-balance-sheet securitization trusts in either certain or all periods prior to January 1, 2010, we elected the fair value option because, in contrast to substantially all other assets on our consolidated balance sheets, we had significant experiences in determining the fair value of these assets and liabilities based on our models previously used to determine the fair value of residual interests in underlying off-balance-sheet securitization trusts prior to their consolidation in our financial statements effective no later than January 1, 2010.

 
20

 
We account for certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value base upon a three-tiered valuation system.  In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs use quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs use inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. Where inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety has been determined is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.
 
Valuations and Techniques for Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
 
 Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. For our assets measured on a recurring basis at fair value, the table below summarizes (in thousands) fair values as of June 30, 2010 by fair value hierarchy:
Assets
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
   
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
   
Total Assets
Measured at Fair
Value
 
Investment securities—trading 
  $ 75,867     $     $     $ 75,867  
Loans and fees receivable, at fair value
  $     $     $ 19,277     $ 19,277  
Loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, at fair value
  $     $     $ 530,334     $ 530,334  
 
For Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs, the following table presents (in thousands) a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
   
Loans and Fees Receivable, at Fair Value
   
Loans and Fees Receivable Pledged as Collateral under Structured Financings, at Fair Value
   
Securitized Earning Assets
   
Total
 
Beginning balance
  $ 42,299     $     $ 36,514     $ 78,813  
Transfers in due to adoption of new accounting guidance
          836,346        (36,514 )     799,832  
Total gains (losses)—realized/unrealized:
                               
Net revaluations of/additions to loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, at fair value
          (103,982 )           (103,982 )
Net revaluations of loans and fees receivable, at fair value
    (10,145 )                 (10,145 )
Purchases, issuances, and settlements, net
    (12,877 )     (203,017 )             (215,894 )
Impact of foreign currency translation gain
          987             987  
Net transfers in and/or out of Level 3
                       
Ending balance
  $ 19,277     $ 530,334     $     $ 549,611  


 
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The unrealized gains and losses for assets within the Level 3 category presented in the tables above include changes in fair value that are attributable to both observable and unobservable inputs. We provide below a brief description of the valuation techniques used for Level 3 assets.
 
Net Revaluation of Loans and Fees Receivable. We record the net revaluation of loans and fees receivable (including those pledged as collateral) in the fees and related income on earning assets category in our condensed consolidated statements of operations, specifically as changes in fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value. The net revaluation of loans and fees receivable is based on the present value of future cash flows using a valuation model of expected cash flows and the estimated cost to service and collect those cash flows. We estimate the present value of these future cash flows using a valuation model consisting of internally developed estimates of assumptions third-party market participants would use in determining fair value, including estimates of net collected yield, principal payment rates, expected principal credit loss rates, costs of funds, discount rates and servicing costs.
 
Valuations and Techniques for Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
 
 Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the liability. For our liabilities measured on a recurring basis at fair value, the table below summarizes (in thousands) fair values as of June 30, 2010 by fair value hierarchy:
Liabilities
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
   
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
   
Total Liabilities
Measured at Fair
Value
 
Notes payable associated with structured financings, at fair value
  $     $     $ 516,510     $ 516,510  
 
For Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs, the following table presents (in thousands) a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
   
Notes Payable Associated with Structured Financings, at Fair Value
 
Beginning balance
  $  
Transfers in due to adoption of new accounting guidance
    772,615  
Total gains (losses)—realized/unrealized:
       
Net revaluations of notes payable associated with structured financings, at fair value
    (50,194 )
Repayments on outstanding notes payable, net
    (205,317 )
Impact of foreign currency translation gain
    (594 )
Net transfers in and/or out of Level 3
     —  
Ending balance
  $ 516,510  
 
Net Revaluation of Notes Payable Associated with Structured Financings, at Fair Value. We record the net revaluation of notes payable associated with structured financings, at fair value, in the changes in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings line item within the fees and related income on earning assets category of our consolidated statements of operations. The net revaluation of these notes is based on the present value of future cash flows utilized in repayment of the outstanding principal and interest under the facilities using a valuation model of expected cash flows net of the contractual service expenses within the facilities. We estimate the present value of these future cash flows using a valuation model consisting of internally developed estimates of assumptions third-party market participants would use in determining fair value, including:  estimates of net collected yield, principal payment rates and expected principal credit loss rates on the credit card receivables that secure the non-recourse notes payable; costs of funds; discount rates; and contractual servicing fees.
 
Valuations and Techniques for Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
 
We also have assets that under certain conditions are subject to measurement at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets include those associated with acquired businesses, including goodwill and other intangible assets. For these assets, measurement at fair value in periods subsequent to their initial recognition is applicable if one or more of these assets is determined to be impaired.

 
22


 
For our assets measured on a non-recurring basis at fair value, the table below summarizes (in thousands) fair values as of June 30, 2010 by fair value hierarchy:
 
   
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
   
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
   
Total Assets
Measured at Fair
Value
 
Assets:
                       
Goodwill
  $     $     $ 42,147     $ 42,147  
Intangibles, net
  $     $     $ 2,136     $ 2,136  
 
 
Other relevant data (in thousands) as of June 30, 2010 concerning our assets and liabilities measured at fair value are as follows:
 
   
Loans and Fees Receivable, at Fair Value
   
Loans and Fees Receivable Pledged as Collateral under Structured Financings, at Fair Value
 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance within loans and fees receivable that are reported at fair value
  $ 38,642     $ 569,835  
Aggregate fair value of loans and fees receivable that are reported at fair value
  $ 19,277     $ 530,334  
Aggregate fair value of receivables carried at fair value that are 90 days or more past due (which also coincides with finance charge and fee non-accrual policies)
  $ 352     $ 2,644  
Aggregate excess of balance of unpaid principal receivables within loans and fees receivable that are reported at fair value and are 90 days or more past due (which also coincides with finance charge and fee non-accrual policies) over the fair value of such loans and fees receivable
  $ 8,006     $ 92,356  
           
Notes Payable Associated with Structured Financings, at Fair Value
 
Aggregate unpaid principal balance of notes payable
          $ 810,462  
Aggregate fair value of notes payable
          $ 516,510  
                 

10.
Convertible Senior Notes and Notes Payable
 
Convertible Senior Notes
 
In May 2005, we issued $250.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.625% convertible senior notes due 2025, and in November 2005, we issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.875% convertible senior notes due 2035. These notes (net of repurchases since the issuance dates) are reflected within convertible senior notes on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
 
Upon our January 1, 2009 required adoption of new accounting rules for Instrument C convertible notes (a classification applicable to our convertible senior notes), we (1) reclassified a portion of our outstanding convertible senior notes to additional paid-in capital, (2) established a discount to the face amount of the notes as previously reflected on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, (3) created a deferred tax liability related to the discount on the notes, and (4) reclassified out of our originally reported deferred loan costs and into additional paid-in capital the portion of those costs considered under the new rules to have been associated with the equity component of the convertible senior notes issuances.  We are amortizing the discount to the face amount of the notes to interest

 
23


 
expense over the expected life of the notes, and this will result in a corresponding release of our associated deferred tax liability. Total amortization for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 totaled $2.4 million and $5.1 million, respectively, compared to total amortization of $2.5 million and $5.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Actual incurred interest (based on the contractual interest rates within the two convertible senior notes series) totaled $3.8 million and $8.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, versus, $4.4 million and $8.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively.  We will amortize the discount remaining at June 30, 2010 to interest expense over the expected terms of the convertible senior notes (currently expected to be May 2012 and October 2035 for the 3.625% and 5.875% notes, respectively). The weighted average effective interest rate for the 3.625% and 5.875% notes was 9.2% for all periods presented.
 
The following summarizes (in thousands) components of our condensed consolidated balance sheets associated with our convertible senior notes after giving effect to both our required adoption of the new Instrument C rules upon their January 1, 2009 effective date and our retrospective application of the rules to prior presented financial reporting periods:
   
As of June 30, 2010
   
As of December 31, 2009
 
Face amount of outstanding convertible senior notes
  $ 316,514     $ 386,551  
Discount
    (63,169 )     (78,978 )
Net carrying value
  $ 253,345     $ 307,573  
Carrying amount of equity component included in additional paid-in capital
  $ 108,714     $ 108,714  
Excess of instruments’ if-converted values over face principal amounts
  $     $  
 
Under the terms of a tender offer for the repurchase of both series of our convertible senior notes, in March 2010, we repurchased $24.7 million in face amount of our 3.625% notes and $15.6 million in face amount of our 5.875% notes for $12.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively, both amounts being inclusive of transactions costs and accrued interest through the date of our repurchase of the notes.  The repurchase resulted in an aggregate gain recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2010 of $13.9 million (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs and debt discount, which were recovered in connection with the purchase).  Subsequently, during the three months ended June 30, 2010, both in open market transactions and pursuant to the closing of a second tender offer, we repurchased an additional $29.8 million in face amount of our 3.625% notes for $18.2 million (inclusive of transaction costs and accrued interest through the date of our repurchase of the notes), thereby resulting in the recognition of an aggregate gain during the three months ended June 30, 2010 of $8.8 million (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs and debt discount, which were recovered in connection with the purchases). Accordingly, in the aggregate, we recognized $22.7 million of gains on the repurchase of our convertible senior notes during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
 
The above-noted 2010 transactions compare to our repurchase of $300,000 in face amount of our 3.625% notes during the six months ended June 30, 2009. In a January 2009 transaction, we purchased the 3.625% notes for $90,000 (inclusive of transaction costs and accrued interest), resulting in an aggregate gain of $160,000 (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs and debt discount, which were recovered in connection with the purchase).
 
Notes Payable Associated with Structured Financings, at Fair Value
 
Upon the consolidation of our securitization trusts effective January 1, 2010 in accordance with new accounting requirements, we began presenting on our consolidated balance sheet certain non-recourse, asset-backed structured financing debt facilities that are secured by credit card receivables held within such trusts.  Given our decision to elect the fair value option for reporting the credit card receivables held within the trusts, accounting rules require that we report the underlying debt facilities at fair value as well. We are required to consolidate the assets (credit card receivables, which are presented as loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, at fair value, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets) and debt (classified as notes payable
 

 
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associated with structured financings, at fair value, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets) associated with these structured financings on our consolidated balance sheets because the transactions do not meet the criteria for de-recognition and because we are the primary beneficiary of the structured financing transactions.
 
As of June 30, 2010, (1) the carrying amounts of structured financing notes secured by our credit card receivables and reported at fair value, (2) the outstanding face amounts of structured financing notes secured by our credit card receivables and reported at fair value, and (3) the carrying amounts of the credit card receivables that provide the exclusive means of repayment for the notes (i.e., lenders have recourse only to the specific credit card receivables underlying each respective facility and cannot look to our general credit for repayment) are scheduled (in millions) as follows:
 
   
Carrying Amounts at Fair Value as of June 30, 2010
 
Amortizing securitization facility issued out of our upper-tier originated portfolio master trust—outstanding face amount of $586.9 million bearing interest at a weighted average 2.1% interest rate, which is secured by credit card receivables and restricted cash aggregating $411.4 million in carrying amount (1)
  $ 394.7  
Multi-year variable funding securitization facility (expiring September 2014), outstanding face amount of $4.7 million bearing interest at a weighted average 3.9% interest rate, which is secured by credit card receivables and restricted cash aggregating $11.8 million in carrying amount (2)
     4.6  
Amortizing term securitization facility (denominated and referenced in U.K. sterling and expiring April 2014) issued out of our U.K. Portfolio securitization trust, outstanding face amount of $193.5 million bearing interest at a weighted average 2.7% interest rate, which is secured by credit card receivables and restricted cash aggregating $102.2 million in carrying amount (3)
    100.4  
Ten-year amortizing term securitization facility issued out of a trust underlying one of our portfolio acquisitions (expiring January 2014), outstanding face amount of $17.2 million bearing interest at a weighted average 3.4% interest rate, which is secured by credit card receivables and restricted cash aggregating $40.0 million in carrying amount
     16.8  
Total structured financing notes reported at fair value that are secured by credit card receivables and to which we are subordinated
  $ 516.5  
 
(1)  
As this facility entered into early amortization in January 2010 before its scheduled expiration, the terms of the facility do not allow for the funding of purchases. Under early amortization, all excess cash (i.e., cash collected from cardholders, less servicing costs and debt service costs) is applied toward amortizing repayment of the outstanding note within the facility with the ultimate timing and amount of amortizing repayments limited to the available residual cash flows.
 
(2)  
Represents the conduit notes associated with our 75.1% membership interest in our majority-owned subsidiary that securitized the $92.0 million (face amount) of receivables it acquired in the third quarter of 2004 and the $72.1 million (face amount) of receivables it acquired in the first quarter of 2005.
 
(3)  
In April 2007, we completed an amortizing securitization facility in connection with our U.K. Portfolio acquisition; this facility is denominated in U.K. sterling.
 
Contractual payment allocations within these credit cards receivable structured financings provide for a priority distribution of cash flows to us to service the credit card receivables (cash flows that we consider adequate to meet our variable costs of servicing these assets), a distribution of cash flows to pay interest and principal due on the notes, and a distribution of all excess cash flows (if any) to us. Each of the structured financing facilities in the above table is amortizing down along with collections of the underlying receivables and there are no provisions within the debt agreements that allow for acceleration or bullet repayment of the facilities. As such, for all intents and purposes, there is no practical risk of equity loss associated with lender seizure of assets under the facilities. Nevertheless, the aggregate carrying amount of the credit card receivables and restricted cash that provide security for the $516.5 million in fair value of structured financing notes in the above table is $565.4 million, which means that our maximum aggregate exposure to pre-tax equity loss associated with the above structured financing arrangements is $48.9 million.

 
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Beyond our role as servicer of the underlying assets within the credit card receivable structured financings, we have provided no other financial or other support to the structures, and we have no explicit or implicit arrangements that could require us to provide financial support to the structures.
 
Notes Payable Associated with Structured Financings, at Face Value
 
Beyond the credit card receivables structured financings held at fair value mentioned above, we have entered into certain other non-recourse, asset-backed structured financing transactions within our businesses. We consolidate onto our condensed consolidated balance sheets both the assets (Auto Finance segment receivables, which are presented as loans and fees receivable pledged as collateral under structured financings, net, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, Auto Finance segment inventories, investments in previously charged-off receivables, and other equipment) and debt (classified within notes payable associated with structured financings, at face value, on our condensed consolidated balance sheets) associated with these structured financings because the transactions do not meet the criteria for de-recognition and because we are the primary beneficiary of the structured financing transactions. The principal amount of the structured financing notes outstanding at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, and the June 30, 2010 carrying amounts of the assets that provide the exclusive means of repayment for the notes (i.e., lenders have recourse only to the specific assets underlying each respective facility and cannot look to our general credit for repayment) are scheduled (in millions) as follows:

 
   
As of June 30,
2010
   
As of December 31,
2009
 
Asset-Backed Structured Financing Facilities
           
Amortizing debt facility of ACC Auto Finance segment receivables, stated rate of 15.0% (effective rate of 18.9%) at June 30, 2010, which is secured by auto receivables and restricted cash with an aggregate carrying amount of $93.4 million at June 30, 2010 (1)
  $ 77.9     $ 99.2  
Revolving line of credit of CAR Auto Finance segment receivables, rate of 3.9% at June 30, 2010, which is secured by auto receivables and restricted cash with an aggregate carrying amount of $52.7 million at June 30, 2010 and is payable over a six-month amortization period beginning June 2011
    34.0       31.0  
Financing of JRAS Auto Finance segment receivables, rate of 11.0%, which is secured by auto receivables, land and restricted cash with an aggregate carrying amount of $21.7 million at June 30, 2010 and due September 2010
    15.0       26.8  
Financing of JRAS Auto Finance segment inventory, average rate of 24.0%, which is secured by inventory with an aggregate carrying amount of $0.9 million at June 30, 2010 and which is currently payable
    0.1       1.4  
Vendor-financed software and equipment acquisitions, average rate of 5.5% at June 30, 2010, secured by certain equipment with an aggregate carrying amount of $0.1 million at June 30, 2010, payable to 2010 through 2013
    0.8       1.1  
Investment in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s asset-backed financing, rate of 12%, secured by certain investments in previously charged-off receivables with an aggregate carrying amount of $2.4 million at June 30, 2010, payable through 2012
    4.0       4.9  
Total asset-backed structured financing notes outstanding (which are secured by assets with carrying amounts aggregating $171.2 million at June 30, 2010)
  $ 131.8     $ 164.4  
 
 
(1)  The terms of this lending agreement provide for the application of all excess cash flows (above and beyond interest costs and contractual servicing compensation to our outsourced third-party servicer) to reduce outstanding debt balances. After repayment of the debt facility, 37.5% of the remaining excess cash flows will be allocated to the note holders as additional compensation for the use of their capital. Reflecting this arrangement, we have estimated all available cash flows to all parties and have reflected the results of such estimates in our determination of a contingent interest rate and contingent interest expense associated with this amortizing debt facility.

 
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Similar to our credit cards receivable structured financings, the structured financing facilities secured by the assets scheduled above (with the exception of the vendor-financed software and equipment and inventory lending arrangements) generally provide for a priority distribution of cash flows to us to service any underlying pledged receivables (cash flows that we consider adequate to meet our costs of servicing these receivables), a distribution of cash flows to pay interest and principal due on the notes, and a distribution of all excess cash flows to us. The receivables-backed structured financing facilities in the above table are amortizing down along with collections of the underlying receivables and, except as provided in the following paragraph with respect to the CAR facility and the JRAS facility, there are no provisions within the debt agreements that allow for acceleration or bullet repayment of the facilities. As such, for all intents and purposes, there is no practical risk of equity loss associated with lender seizure of assets under all of the facilities other than the CAR facility and the JRAS facility. Nevertheless, the aggregate carrying amount of the receivables that provide security for the $131.8 million of structured financing notes in the above table at June 30, 2010 is $171.2 million, which means that our maximum aggregate exposure to pre-tax equity loss associated with the above structured financing arrangements is $39.4 million.
 
The $15.0 million JRAS facility scheduled above matured in January 2010, but we have entered into a forbearance agreement effective through September 2010 with the lender under which we essentially operate as though the facility had not matured while we work to collect a gradually liquidating portfolio of JRAS receivables. The portfolio is gradually liquidating as we are not adding new JRAS receivables at the same pace at which the existing receivables are either being collected or charged off. Based on our ongoing favorable dialogue with the lender, we believe that the forbearance agreement will be extended until the date of our expected complete repayment of the lender during the first half of 2011. However, this result is not assured, and if the lender decides to subject this loan to immediate repayment in September 2010, we would be required to repay the outstanding loan balance in full or could be forced to surrender the loan and fee receivables serving as collateral for the loan. As of June 30, 2010, the maximum exposure to pre-tax loss of equity under this structured financing was $6.7 million. The CAR facility begins to amortize down in June 2011 over a six-month period.  In the event we are unable to secure either an extension of this facility or a replacement facility, the maximum exposure to pre-tax loss of equity under this CAR structured financing is $18.7 million as measured as of June 30, 2010.
 
Beyond our role as servicer of the underlying assets within the above-scheduled structured financings, we have provided no other financial or other support to the structures, and we have no explicit or implicit arrangements that could require us to provide financial support to the structures. Moreover, with the exception of our JRAS facility mentioned above, we are in compliance with the covenants underlying our various notes payable.
 
11.           Commitments and Contingencies
 
General
 
In the normal course of business through the origination of unsecured credit card receivables, we incur off-balance-sheet risks. These risks include one of our subsidiary’s (i.e., CompuCredit Corporation’s) commitments of $73.4 million at June 30, 2010 to purchase receivables associated with cardholders who have the right to borrow in excess of their current balances up to the maximum credit limit on their credit card accounts. These commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risks in excess of amounts we can fund through our securitization facilities. We have not experienced a situation in which all of our customers have exercised their entire available line of credit at any given point in time, nor do we anticipate this will ever occur in the future.  Moreover, there would be a concurrent increase in assets should there be any exercise of these lines of credit.  We also have the effective right to reduce or cancel these available lines of credit at any time, which we have now done with respect to substantially all of our outstanding cardholder accounts.
 
For various receivables portfolio investments we have made through our subsidiaries and equity-method investees, CompuCredit Corporation has entered into guarantee agreements and/or note purchase agreements whereby CompuCredit Corporation has agreed to guarantee the purchase of or purchase directly additional interests in portfolios of credit card receivables owned by trusts, the residual interests in which are owned by its subsidiaries and equity-method investees, should there be net new growth in the receivables

 
27


 
or should collections not be available to fund new cardholder purchases. As of June 30, 2010, neither CompuCredit Corporation nor any of its subsidiaries or equity-method investees had purchased or been required to purchase any additional notes under the note purchase agreements. CompuCredit Corporation’s guarantee is limited to its respective ownership percentages in the various subsidiaries and equity-method investees multiplied by the total amount of the notes that each of the subsidiaries and equity-method investees could be required to purchase. As of June 30, 2010, the maximum aggregate amount of CompuCredit Corporation’s collective guarantees and direct purchase obligations related to all of its subsidiaries and equity-method investees was $65.8 million (included as a subcomponent of the $73.4 million mentioned in the paragraph above)—a decrease from $72.0 million at December 31, 2009 as a result of declines in our liquidating credit card receivables portfolios. In general, this aggregate contingency amount will decline in the absence of portfolio acquisitions as the aggregate amounts of credit available to cardholders for future purchases decline along with our liquidation of the purchased portfolios and a corresponding reduction in the number of open cardholder accounts. The acquired credit card receivables portfolios of all of CompuCredit Corporation’s affected subsidiaries and equity-method investees have declined with each passing quarter since acquisition and we expect them to continue to decline because we expect combined payments and charge offs to exceed new purchases each month. We currently do not have any liability recorded with respect to these guarantees or direct purchase obligations, but we will record one if events occur that make payment probable under the guarantees or direct purchase obligations. The fair value of these guarantees and direct purchase obligations is not material.  Moreover, should we ever be required to fund any of the guarantees, there would be a concurrent increase in the underlying assets.
 
CompuCredit Corporation’s third-party originating financial institution relationships require security for its purchases of their credit card receivables, and CompuCredit Corporation has pledged $1.0 million in collateral as such security as of June 30, 2010. In addition, in connection with our U.K. Portfolio acquisition, CompuCredit Corporation guarantees certain obligations of its subsidiaries and its third-party originating financial institution to one of the European payment systems ($0.2 million as of June 30, 2010). Those obligations include, among other things, compliance with one of the European payment system’s operating regulations and by-laws. CompuCredit Corporation also guarantees certain performance obligations of its servicer subsidiary to the indenture trustee and the trust created under the securitization relating to our U.K. Portfolio.
 
Also, under the agreements with third-party originating financial institutions, CompuCredit Corporation has agreed to indemnify the financial institutions for certain costs associated with the financial institutions’ card issuance and other lending activities on our behalf. Indemnification obligations generally are limited to instances in which we either (1) have been afforded the opportunity to defend against any potentially indemnifiable claims or (2) have reached agreement with the financial institutions regarding settlement of potentially indemnifiable claims.
 
Total System Services, Inc. provides certain services to CompuCredit Corporation as a system of record provider under an agreement that extends through May 2015. Were CompuCredit Corporation to terminate its U.S. relationship with Total System Services, Inc. prior to the contractual termination period, it would incur significant penalties ($18.9 million as of June 30, 2010).
 
Litigation
 
We are involved in various legal proceedings that are incidental to the conduct of our business. The most significant of these are described below.
 
CompuCredit Corporation and five other subsidiaries are defendants in a purported class action lawsuit entitled Knox, et al., vs. First Southern Cash Advance, et al., No. 5 CV 0445, filed in the Superior Court of New Hanover County, North Carolina, on February 8, 2005. The plaintiffs allege that in conducting a so-called “payday lending” business, certain of our Retail Micro-Loans segment subsidiaries violated various laws governing consumer finance, lending, check cashing, trade practices and loan brokering. The plaintiffs further allege that CompuCredit Corporation is the alter ego of our subsidiaries and is liable for their actions. The plaintiffs are seeking damages of up to $75,000 per class member, and attorney’s fees. We are vigorously defending this lawsuit. These claims are similar to those that have been asserted against several other market participants in transactions involving small balance, short-term loans made to consumers in North Carolina.

 
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On May 23, 2008, CompuCredit Corporation and one of our other subsidiaries filed a complaint against CB&T in the Georgia State Court, Fulton County, (subsequently transferred to the Georgia Superior Court, Fulton County) in an action entitled CompuCredit Corporation et al. vs. CB&T et al., Civil Action No. 08-EV-004730-F. Among other things, the complaint as now amended alleges that CB&T, in violation of its contractual obligations, failed to provide us rebates, marketing fees, revenues or other fees or discounts that were paid or granted by Visa®, MasterCard®, or other card associations with respect to or apportionable to accounts covered by CB&T’s agreements with us and other consideration due to us. The complaint also alleges that CB&T refused to approve changes requested by us to the terms of the credit card accounts and refused to permit certain marketing, all in violation of the agreements among the parties. Also in this litigation, CB&T has asserted claims against CompuCredit Corporation for alleged failure to follow certain account management guidelines and for reimbursement of certain legal fees that it has incurred associated with CompuCredit Corporation’s contractual relationship with CB&T.  Settlement discussions are at an advanced stage, but CompuCredit cannot provide any assurances regarding their outcome.
 
On July 14, 2008, CompuCredit Corporation and four of our officers, David G. Hanna, Richard R. House, Jr., Richard W. Gilbert and J. Paul Whitehead III, were named as defendants in a purported class action securities case filed in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia entitled Waterford Township General Employees Retirement System vs. CompuCredit Corporation, et al., Civil Action No. 08-CV-2270. On August 22, 2008, a virtually identical case was filed entitled Steinke vs. CompuCredit Corporation et al., Civil Action No. 08-CV-2687.   In general, the complaints alleged that we made false and misleading statements (or concealed information) regarding the nature of our assets, accounting for loan losses, marketing and collection practices, exposure to sub-prime losses, ability to lend funds, and expected future performance. The complaints were consolidated, and a consolidated complaint was filed. We filed a motion to dismiss, which the court granted on December 4, 2009.   In its order, the court allowed the plaintiff to amend its complaint, but the plaintiff failed to do so timely. On January 13, 2010, the court entered final judgment, with prejudice, in favor of all defendants. The appeal period for the court’s final judgment expired on February 12, 2010.
 
CompuCredit Corporation received a demand dated August 25, 2008, from a shareholder, Ms. Sue An, that CompuCredit Corporation take action against all of its directors and two of its officers for alleged breaches of fiduciary duty. In general, the alleged breaches are the same as the actions that were the subject of the class action securities case prior to its dismissal. Our Board of Directors appointed a special litigation committee to investigate the allegations; that investigation concluded that the claims asserted were without merit; and we communicated that conclusion to Ms. Sue An’s legal counsel. Ms. An has filed suit against our directors, which is in the early stages.  We will vigorously contest the allegations in that complaint.
 
On December 21, 2009, certain holders of our 3.625% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2025 and 5.875% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2035 filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota seeking, among other things, to enjoin our December 31, 2009 cash distribution to shareholders and a potential future spin-off of our micro-loan businesses. We prevailed in court at a December 29, 2009 hearing concerning the plaintiffs’ motion for a temporary restraining order against our December 31, 2009 cash distribution to shareholders, and that distribution was made as originally contemplated on that date. On March 19, 2010, the U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota transferred venue to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, and on April 6, 2010, we filed a Renewed Motion to Dismiss. Shortly after that filing, the plaintiffs amended their complaint to add new claims and certain of our officers and directors as defendants, continued to seek to enjoin the spinoff and sought unspecified damages against all defendants. The plaintiffs also sought temporary injunctive relief to prevent our completion of a then-pending tender offer for the repurchase of our 3.625% Convertible Notes due 2025 and our common stock at $7.00 per share. At a hearing on May 12, 2010, the judge in the Northern District of Georgia denied the request for a temporary restraining order, and the tender offer was completed as scheduled on May 14, 2010. We since have filed with the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia a motion to dismiss the plaintiffs’ Second Amended Complaint.  We do not know when the court will rule on our motion to dismiss or the other relief requested. Consequently, should our Board of Directors ultimately approve a spin-off of our micro-loan businesses, it is possible that the spin-off might be delayed or enjoined by court order or that the court could impose other remedies.

 
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12.           Net Loss Attributable to Controlling Interests Per Common Share
 
We compute earnings per share (“EPS”) attributable to our common shareholders by dividing income or loss attributable to controlling interests by the weighted-average common shares outstanding including participating securities outstanding during the period, as discussed below.  Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution beyond shares for basic EPS that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised, were converted into common stock or were to result in the issuance of common stock that would share in our earnings. In performing our EPS computations, we apply accounting rules that require us to include all unvested stock awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid, in the number of shares outstanding in our basic and diluted EPS calculations.  Common stock and unvested share-based payment awards earn dividends equally, and we have included all outstanding restricted stock awards in our calculation of basic and diluted EPS for current and prior periods.
 
The following table sets forth our EPS computations (in thousands, except per share data):
 
   
For the Three Months Ended
June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Numerator:
                       
Loss from continuing operations attributable to controlling interests
  $ (28,959 )   $ (129,957 )   $ (71,740 )   $ (242,572 )
Loss on discontinued operations attributable to controlling interests
  $     $ (4,387 )   $     $ (4,289 )
Loss attributable to controlling interests
  $ (28,959 )   $ (134,344 )   $ (71,740 )   $ (246,861 )
Denominator:
                               
Basic (including unvested share-based payment awards) (1)
    39,802       47,733       43,818       47,639  
Effect of dilutive stock options and warrants (2)
    163       47       171       24  
Diluted (including unvested share-based payment awards) (1)
    39,965       47,780       43,989       47,663  
Loss from continuing operations attributable to controlling interests per common share—basic
  $ (0.73 )   $ (2.72 )   $ (1.64 )   $ (5.09 )
Loss from continuing operations attributable to controlling interests per common share—diluted
  $ (0.73 )   $ (2.72 )   $ (1.64 )   $ (5.09 )
                                 
Loss on discontinued operations attributable to controlling interests per common share—basic
  $     $ (0.09 )   $     $ (0.09 )
Loss on discontinued operations attributable to controlling interests per common share—diluted
  $     $ (0.09 )   $     $ (0.09 )
Net loss attributable to controlling interests per common share—basic
  $ (0.73 )   $ (2.81 )   $ (1.64 )   $ (5.18 )
Net loss attributable to controlling interests per common share—diluted
  $ (0.73 )   $ (2.81 )   $ (1.64 )   $ (5.18 )
 
(1)  
Shares related to unvested share-based payment awards that we included in our basic and diluted share counts are as follows:  681,747 and 702,646 shares for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010; and 847,017 and 764,282 shares for the three and six months June 30, 2009.
 
(2)  
The effect of dilutive options is shown for informational purposes only.  Because we were in a net loss position for all periods presented, the effect of including outstanding options would be anti-dilutive, and they are thus excluded from all calculations.
 
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, there were no shares potentially issuable and thus includible in the diluted EPS calculation under our 3.625% convertible senior notes due 2025 issued in May 2005 and 5.875% convertible senior notes due 2035 issued in November 2005. However, in future reporting periods during which our closing stock price is above the respective $35.57 and $43.28 conversion prices for the May 2005 and November 2005 convertible senior notes, and depending on the closing stock price at conversion, the maximum potential dilution as of June 30, 2010 under the conversion provisions of the May 2005 and November 2005 convertible senior notes is approximately 4.9 million and 3.2 million shares, respectively, which could be included

 
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in diluted share counts in net income per common share calculations. See Note 10, “Convertible Senior Notes and Notes Payable,” for a further discussion of these convertible securities.
 
13.
Stock-Based Compensation
 
We currently have two stock-based compensation plans, including an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) and a 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2008 Plan”).
 
The 2008 Plan provides for grants of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and incentive awards. The maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued under this plan and to which awards may relate is 2,000,000 shares, and 1,113,058 shares remained available for grant under this plan as of June 30, 2010.  Exercises and vestings under our stock-based employee compensation plans resulted in our recognition of an income tax-related (benefit)/charge to additional paid-in capital of $(0.6) million and $1.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, compared to an income tax-related charge to additional paid in capital of $0.1 million and $1.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively.
 
Stock Options
 
Our 2008 Plan and its predecessor plans provide that we may grant options on or shares of our common stock to members of the Board of Directors, employees, consultants and advisors. The exercise price per share of the options may be less than, equal to or greater than the market price on the date the option is granted. The option period may not exceed 10 years from the date of grant. The vesting requirements for options granted by us range from immediate to 5 years.  During the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, we expensed stock-option-related compensation costs of $0.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively, compared to $0.5 million and $1.0 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. We recognize stock-option-related compensation expense for any awards with graded vesting on a straight-line basis over the vesting period for the entire award. Information related to options outstanding is as follows:
 
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010
 
   
Number of
Shares
   
Weighted-
Average
Exercise Price
   
Weighted-
Average of Remaining
Contractual Life
   
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2010
    790,000     $ 31.75              
Cancelled/Forfeited
    (200,000 )   $ 8.66              
Outstanding at June 30, 2010
    590,000     $ 39.57       2.6     $  
Exercisable at June 30, 2010
    90,000     $ 31.70       1.5     $  
 
As of June 30, 2010, our unamortized deferred compensation costs associated with non-vested stock options were $1.4 million. There were no stock option exercises during the three months ended June 30, 2010.
 
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Unit Awards
 
During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, we granted 253,107 and 206,825 shares of aggregate restricted stock and restricted stock units, respectively, with aggregate grant date fair values of $1.1 million and $1.1 million, respectively. When we grant restricted shares, we defer the grant date value of the restricted shares and amortize the grant date values of these shares (net of anticipated forfeitures) as compensation expense with an offsetting entry to the additional paid-in capital component of our consolidated shareholders’ equity. Our issued restricted shares generally vest over a range of twenty-four to sixty months and are being amortized to salaries and benefits expense ratably over the respective vesting periods. As of June 30, 2010, our unamortized deferred compensation costs associated with non-vested restricted stock awards were $3.5 million with a weighted-average remaining amortization period of 1.0 years.
 
Occasionally, we issue or sell stock or stock appreciation rights in our subsidiaries to certain members of the subsidiaries’ management teams. The terms of these awards vary but generally include vesting periods comparable to those of stock issued under our restricted stock plan. Generally, these shares can be converted to cash or our stock at our discretion after the specified vesting period or the occurrence of other contractual events. Ownership in these shares constitutes noncontrolling interests in the subsidiaries. We are amortizing these compensation costs commensurate with the applicable vesting period. The weighted-average remaining vesting period for stock and stock appreciation rights still subject to restrictions was 11 months as of June 30, 2010.

 
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included herein and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, where certain terms (including trust, subsidiary and other entity names and financial, operating and statistical measures) have been defined.
 
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations includes forward-looking statements. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current plans, expectations and beliefs about future events.  Actual results could differ materially, however, because of a number of factors, including the factors discussed in “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A and elsewhere in this report.
 
OVERVIEW
 
We are a provider of various credit and related financial services and products to or associated with the financially underserved consumer credit market—a market represented by credit risks that regulators classify as “sub-prime.” We traditionally have served this market principally through our marketing and solicitation of credit card accounts and other credit products and our servicing of various receivables. We contracted with third-party financial institutions pursuant to which the financial institutions issued general purpose consumer credit cards and we purchased the receivables relating to such accounts on a daily basis.  Today we manage the portfolios that we previously originated or acquired and are not currently offering new credit cards on a broad basis.
 
Our product and service offerings also include small-balance, short-term cash advance loans—generally less than $500 (or the equivalent thereof in the British pound for pound-denominated loans) for 30 days or less and to which we refer as “micro-loans;” installment loan and other credit products; and money transfer and other financial services. We market these loans and products through retail branch locations in Alabama, Colorado, Kentucky, Mississippi, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Wisconsin and over the Internet in the U.S. and U.K.
 
We also are servicing a portfolio of auto finance receivables that we previously originated through franchised and independent auto dealers, purchasing and/or servicing auto loans from or for a pre-qualified network of dealers in the buy-here, pay-here used car business and selling used automobiles through our own buy-here, pay-here lot.
 
Lastly, our debt collections subsidiary purchases and collects previously charged-off receivables from third parties, our equity method investees and us.
 
The most significant changes to our business during the six months ended June 30, 2010 were:
 
·  
Our adoption of new accounting pronouncements that resulted in the consolidation of our securitization trusts onto our condensed consolidated balance sheet effective as of January 1, 2010. As a result of these new accounting rules, we present cash and credit card receivables held by our securitization trusts and debt issued from those entities as assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2010, and we adjusted our January 1, 2010 opening balance of total equity by $37.7 million reflecting the impact of adoption of the new accounting rules;
 
·  
Our outsourcing of portions of our U.S. credit card customer service and collections operations to better leverage our global infrastructure;
 
·  
Reflecting our continued focus on cost-cutting, our May 2010 exercise of an option to terminate our lease obligation in one of the office buildings at the site of our headquarters operations—such exercise allowing us to pay $4.3 million in May 2011 to avoid an estimated $20.6 million of future operating lease, taxes and utilities payments through May 2022 and resulting in a $4.3 million lease termination-related charge to expense during the three months ended June 30, 2010;

 
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·  
Our March 2010 acquisition of noncontrolling interests representing 6% of MEM (within our Internet Micro-Loans segment) for £4.3 million ($6.6 million), thereby reducing outstanding noncontrolling interests in MEM from 24% at December 31, 2009 to 18% as of June 30, 2010;
 
·  
Our March 2010 repurchase pursuant to tender offer of $24.7 million in face amount of our 3.625% convertible senior notes due 2025 and $15.6 million in face amount of our 5.875% convertible senior notes due 2035 for $12.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively, both amounts being inclusive of transactions costs and accrued interest through the date of our repurchase of the notes, thereby resulting in an aggregate gain of $13.9 million (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs and debt discount, which were recovered in connection with the purchase) as reflected within our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2010; and
 
·  
Our May 2010 repurchase pursuant to a tender offer of $24.8 million in face amount of our 3.625% convertible senior notes due 2025 for $14.7 million and 12.2 million shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $7.00 per share for an aggregate cost of $85.3 million and our June 2010 repurchase in the open market of $5.0 million in face amount of our 3.625% convertible senior notes due 2025 for $3.1 million, such convertible senior notes repurchases resulting in an aggregate gain of $8.8 million (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs and debt discount, which were recovered in connection with the purchase) as reflected within our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010.
 
As is customary in our industry, we historically have financed most of our credit card receivables through the asset-backed securitization markets—markets that worsened significantly in 2008 and have not sufficiently recovered to facilitate growth for us thus far. We are concerned that the traditional securitization markets may not return to any degree of efficient and effective functionality in the near term, and, even if they were available, the current regulatory and economic environment and our current liquidity position are not attractive enough for us to want to originate new credit card receivables in the U.S. (other than through our Investment in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s balance transfer program). This said, we plan a limited test of credit card originations later this year in the U.K. to evaluate new credit card product offerings within the U.K.
 
In the current environment, wherein the only material cash flows we will receive within our Credit Cards segment are those associated with servicing compensation until our securitization facilities are fully repaid, we are closely monitoring and managing our liquidity position, reducing our overhead infrastructure (which was built to accommodate higher account originations and managed receivables levels) and further leveraging our global infrastructure in order to maximize returns to shareholders on existing assets. Some of these actions, while prudent to maximize cash returns on existing assets, have the effect of reducing our potential for profitability both in the near term and over the long term. Our belief is that our reductions in personnel, overhead and other costs (through increased outsourcing) to levels that our Credit Cards segment can support with servicing compensation as its only cash inflow will not result in further impairments in the fair values of our credit card receivables; however, this outcome cannot be assured.
 
Our credit card and other operations are heavily regulated, and over time we change how we conduct our operations either in response to regulation or in keeping with our goals of continuing to lead the industry in the application of consumer-friendly practices. We have made several significant changes to our practices over the past several years, and because our account management practices are evolutionary and dynamic, it is possible that we may make further changes to these practices, some of which may produce positive, and others of which may produce adverse, effects on our operating results and financial position.
 
Subject to the availability of growth capital at attractive terms and pricing, which is difficult to obtain in the current market, our shareholders should expect us to continue to evaluate and pursue (1) the acquisition of additional credit card receivables portfolios, and potentially other financial assets that are complementary to our financially underserved credit card business, (2) modest investments in other assets or businesses that are not necessarily financial services assets or businesses, and (3) additional opportunities to repurchase our convertible senior notes and other debt or our outstanding common stock. Absent the availability of investment alternatives (in other portfolios, other non-financial assets or businesses, or our own debt) at prices necessary to provide attractive returns for our shareholders, we will continue to look to maximize shareholder value through the distribution of excess cash

 
33


 
to shareholders (as was done through a $23.9 million distribution paid on December 31, 2009 and the May 14, 2010 closing of a tender offer through which we paid $85.3 million to shareholders who tendered 12.2 million shares) or through a potential spin-off of our micro-loan businesses.  Additionally, given that financing for growth and acquisitions currently is constrained, our shareholders should expect us to pursue less capital intensive activities, like servicing credit card receivables and other assets for third parties (and in which we have limited or no equity interests), that allow us to leverage our expertise and infrastructure until we can finance and complete any potential acquisitions.
 
Potential Spin-Off of Micro-Loan Businesses
 
On November 5, 2009, our Board of Directors authorized management to review and evaluate the merits of a proposal to spin-off our U.S. and U.K. micro-loan businesses into a separate, publicly traded company called Purpose Financial Holdings, Inc. Once management completes its review and evaluation and makes a recommendation, if any, to the Board, the Board will consider the merits of the proposal.
 
In connection with management’s review of the proposal to spin-off our U.S. and U.K. micro-loan businesses; Purpose Financial filed a Form 10 Registration Statement and a related Information Statement with the SEC on January 4, 2010, subsequently amended the registration statement in response to SEC comments most recently on May 28, 2010, and continues to work on further registration amendments in response to SEC comments.  The spin-off remains subject to a number of conditions, including, among others:
 
·  
a recommendation by our management to our Board of Directors to approve the spin-off;
 
·  
approval from our Board of Directors;
 
·  
the SEC’s declaration of Purpose Financial’s registration statement on Form 10, to be effective;
 
·  
our and Purpose Financial’s receipt of any required permits, registrations and consents required under the securities or blue sky laws of states or other political subdivisions of the U.S. or of foreign jurisdictions in connection with the spin-off;
 
·  
the continued effectiveness of the private letter ruling that we received from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”);
 
·  
NASDAQ’s approval for listing of Purpose Financial’s common stock, subject to official notice of issuance;
 
·  
the transfer of our micro-loan businesses, and the associated licenses and registrations relating to these businesses, to Purpose Financial;
 
·  
the execution by the parties of separation and distribution agreements, transition services agreements, services agreements, employee matters agreements, tax sharing agreements, sublease and other appropriate agreements; and
 
·  
the lack of any effective order, injunction or decree issued by any court of competent jurisdiction or other legal restraint or prohibition preventing consummation of the spin-off or any of the transactions related thereto, including the transfers of assets and liabilities contemplated by the separation and distribution agreement.
 
 
We cannot assure you that any or all of these conditions will be met.
 

 
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CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
   
Income Increases (Decreases) from
 
(In thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2009 to 2010
 
Earnings:
                 
Total interest income
  $ 69,522     $ 19,219     $ 50,303  
Interest expense
    (16,202 )     (10,018 )     (6,184 )
Fees and related income on earning assets:
                       
Retail micro-loan fees
    17,079       16,566       513  
Internet micro-loan fees
    20,813       15,104       5,709  
Fees on credit card receivables held on balance sheet
    6,269             6,269  
Changes in fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value
    84,753             84,753  
Changes in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value
    17,598             17,598  
Income on investments in previously charged-off receivables
    8,458       3,846       4,612  
Gross (loss) profit on auto sales
    (127 )     5,138       (5,265 )
Gains on investments in securities
    88       86       2  
Other
    (332 )     186       (518 )
Other operating income (loss):
                       
Loss on retained interest in credit card receivables securitized
          (165,579 )     165,579  
Fees on securitized receivables
          3,891       (3,891 )
Servicing income
    1,807       31,470       (29,663 )
Ancillary and interchange revenues
    2,763       5,229       (2,466 )
Gain on repurchase of convertible senior notes
    8,797             8,797  
Gain on buy-out of equity-method investee members
          20,990       (20,990 )
Equity in loss of equity-method investees
    (9,391 )     (7,833 )     (1,558 )
Total
  $ 211,895     $ (61,705 )   $ 273,600  
Provision for losses on loans and fees receivable
    167,213       18,555       (148,658 )
Operating expenses:
                       
Salaries and benefits
    8,522       13,843       5,321  
Card and loan servicing
    34,701       53,121       18,420  
Marketing and solicitation
    5,780       3,908       (1,872 )
Depreciation
    3,624       5,314       1,690  
Goodwill impairment
          20,000       20,000  
Other
    21,623       25,309       3,686  
Noncontrolling interests
    650       11,847       (11,197 )

 
35



   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
   
Income Increases (Decreases) from
 
(In thousands)
 
2010
   
2009
   
2009 to 2010
 
Earnings:
                 
Total interest income
  $ 153,736     $ 39,349     $ 114,387  
Interest expense
    (33,835 )     (20,210 )     (13,625 )
Fees and related income on earning assets:
                       
Retail micro-loan fees
    35,266       33,242       2,024  
Internet micro-loan fees
    40,055       26,892       13,163  
Fees on credit card receivables held on balance sheet
    15,859             15,859  
Changes in fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value
    125,663             125,663  
Changes in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value
    50,194             50,194  
Income on investments in previously charged-off receivables
    15,758       8,165       7,593  
Gross (loss) profit on auto sales
    (1,649 )     13,609       (15,258 )
Gains on investments in securities
    148       163       (15 )
Other
    199       1,501       (1,302 )
Other operating income (loss):
                       
Loss on retained interest in credit card receivables securitized
          (323,834 )     323,834  
Fees on securitized receivables
          10,120       (10,120 )
Servicing income
    3,826       70,874       (67,048 )
Ancillary and interchange revenues
    5,994       11,227       (5,233 )
Gain on repurchase of convertible senior notes
    22,693       160       22,533  
Gain on buy-out of equity-method investee members
          20,990       (20,990 )
Equity in loss of equity-method investees
    (9,671 )     (10,015 )     344  
Total
  $ 424,236     $ (117,767 )   $ 542,003  
Provision for losses on loans and fees receivable
    340,627       30,808       (309,819 )
Operating expenses:
                       
Salaries and benefits
    19,360       28,075       8,715  
Card and loan servicing
    76,236       110,750       34,514  
Marketing and solicitation
    11,143       8,054       (3,089 )
Depreciation
    7,116       11,641       4,525  
Goodwill impairment
          20,000       20,000  
Other
    39,393       50,503       11,110  
Noncontrolling interests
    (1,001 )     14,436       (15,437 )
 


 
36


 
Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2010, Compared to Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
 
Total interest income. In the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, total interest income consists primarily of finance charges and late fees earned on our credit card and auto finance receivables.  The significant increase over the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 exclusively results from changes in accounting rules which required us to consolidate our previously off-balance-sheet securitized credit card receivables onto our balance sheet effective on January 1, 2010.  As such, our first quarter 2010 total interest income includes the finance charges and late fee billings associated with these receivables; whereas, such finance charges and late fee billings on these receivables were not included within total interest income in 2009. But for the effects of this accounting change, we would have experienced declining total interest income in the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared with the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 due to net liquidations of our auto finance receivables over the past year. Moreover, absent the effects of possible portfolio acquisitions, we expect our ongoing total interest income to decline in subsequent quarters along with continuing expected net liquidations of our credit card and auto finance receivables.
 
Also included within total interest income (under the other category on our consolidated statements of operations) is interest income we earn on our various investments in debt securities, including interest earned on bond investments, on bonds distributed to us from our equity-method investees and, prior to January 1, 2010 accounting changes, on a subordinated, certificated interest in a securitization trust owned by one of our majority-owned subsidiaries. Principal amortization has caused a reduction in interest income levels associated with some of these investments. However, we experienced some growth in this category in the three months ended June 30, 2010 associated with a $75.0 million investment in publicly traded bond funds whose investment objectives are to invest in highly rated, investment-grade securities—such investment being outstanding during the entire three-month period ended June 30, 2010.
 
Interest expense.  The increases are primarily due to our previously mentioned January 1, 2010 consolidation of debt facilities underlying our formerly off-balance-sheet credit card receivables securitizations, as well as increased pricing on debt facilities within our Auto Finance segment (with ACC’s $103.5 million amortizing debt facility entered into in the fourth quarter of 2009). But for these two factors, and consistent with our expectations for interest expense in the future, we would have experienced declines in interest expense because our debt facilities are being repaid commensurate with net liquidations of the underlying credit card receivables and auto finance receivables that serve as collateral for the facilities.  Similarly, the de-levering of our MEM operations in 2009 and its repayment of its outstanding debt by the end of 2009 also served to offset the credit card receivables accounting change’s impact on our interest expense levels.
 
Moreover, notwithstanding the effects of our convertible senior notes issuance discount accretion in increasing monthly interest expense amounts in the future, we expect our first and second quarter 2010 repurchases of an aggregate $54.5 million in face amount of our 3.625% convertible senior notes and $15.6 million in face amount of our 5.875% convertible senior notes to result in lower interest expense in future quarters. Other purchases of these notes would have a similar effect in reducing our future interest expenses levels.
 
Fees and related income on earning assets. The significant factors affecting our levels of fees and related income on earning assets include:
 
·  
changes in accounting rules that required us to consolidate our formerly off-balance-sheet securitized credit card receivables (and their related debt) onto our balance sheet at fair value effective January 1, 2010 (including the post-consolidation fee and related income activities associated with these receivables), and our recording of changes in the fair value of these receivables and related debt on two separate line items within this consolidated statement of operations category—such changes in fair value line items representing an ongoing source of potential volatility in the level of our fees and related income on earning assets;
 
·  
our December 2009 reconsolidation of the credit card receivables previously held off-balance sheet within our lower-tier originated portfolio master trust given our December 2009 repayment (with investor consent) of the remaining outstanding debt within that trust;

 
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·  
increases in Internet micro-loan fees, reflecting the organic growth of our MEM operations;
 
·  
increases in 2010 income within our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment, principally reflecting the growth within this segment subsequent to the termination of its forward flow arrangement with Encore and the adverse effects of the disputes with Encore that existed in the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 prior to our favorable settlement of the disputes in the three months ended September 30, 2009; and
 
·  
gross losses in 2010 (versus profits in 2009) on automotive vehicle sales relating to our suspension of operations in all but one lot, our minimization of additional inventory purchases within our JRAS operations, and further inventory impairment write-downs while those operations continue to amortize their financing facility.
 
We expect continued adverse trends in Auto Finance segment gross profits throughout the remaining quarters of 2010 relative to comparable 2009 quarters given our decision to suspend operations at all but one JRAS lot and minimize additional purchases of inventory by JRAS as it continues to amortize its financing facility.
 
Similarly, given expected net liquidations in our credit card receivables (absent possible portfolio acquisitions) throughout 2010, we expect to experience declining levels of fee income on credit card receivables throughout 2010. For the same reason, we also expect our change in fair value of credit card receivables recorded at fair value and our change in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value amounts to gradually diminish (absent significant changes in the assumptions used to determine these fair values) throughout 2010. These amounts, however, are subject to potentially high levels of volatility if we experience changes in the quality of our credit card receivables or if there are significant changes in market valuation factors (e.g., interest rates and spreads) during 2010. Such volatility will be muted somewhat, however, by the offsetting nature of the receivables and underlying debt being recorded at fair value and with the expected reductions in the face amounts of such outstanding receivables and debt as we experience further credit card receivables liquidations and associated debt amortizing repayments.
 
Additionally, because of its settlement with Encore, prospects for profits and revenue growth within our Investments in Previously Charged-off Receivables segment are now enhanced. This segment continues to purchase pools of charged-off receivables at favorable pricing that reflects an oversupply of charged-off paper in the marketplace. Moreover, this segment continues to seek and obtain third-party financing for future purchases.  Nevertheless, the economic downturn’s impact on the segment’s ability to collect certain pools of previously charged-off paper at sufficient levels to earn its desired returns and corporate-level liquidity constraints on the amount of capital that we are willing and able to allocate to this segment for its purchase of previously charged-off paper at its desired levels could prevent this segment from growing as rapidly as desired.
 
Lastly, we currently expect continued growth in fees from our U.K.-based, Internet, micro-loan operations within MEM as this entity continues to execute on its growth plans. Moreover, we expect increased retail micro-loan fees as well as continued and higher profitability for the Retail Micro-Loans segment for the remainder of 2010.
 
Loss on securitized earning assets. As applicable only in the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, loss on securitized earning assets is the net of (1) securitization gains, (2) loss on retained interests in credit card receivables securitized and (3) returned-check, cash advance and other fees associated with our securitized credit card receivables.
 
Given new accounting rules that required the consolidation of all of our off-balance-sheet securitization trusts effective January 1, 2010, we will not experience any further income items within this category as the underlying items are now included within total interest income and fees and related income on earning assets.
 
In the Credit Cards Segment section below, we provide further details concerning delinquency and credit quality trends, which have affected the levels of our loss on retained interests in credit card receivables securitized and fees on securitized receivables in 2009 and prior periods and which affect our total interest income, provision for losses on loans and fees receivable, and fees and related income on earnings assets consolidated statement of operations categories (including the change in fair value of credit card receivables recorded at fair value and change

 
38


 
in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value line items within our fees and related income on earnings assets category) throughout 2010 and future periods.
 
    Servicing income.  With the 2010 consolidation of our formerly off-balance-sheet credit card securitizations, we now eliminate that portion of securitization income received from the securitization trusts against the corresponding securitization trust expense. As such, our servicing income has declined sharply from 2009 levels, which included servicing income received from then non-consolidated securitization trusts. Going forward, our reported servicing income will be comprised of only that portion of servicing paid to us by our equity method investees and any other third parties. Moreover, we expect declines in such income absent our obtaining contracts to service portfolios for new equity method investees or other third parties.
 
    Ancillary and interchange revenues. During periods, unlike our current period, in which we are actively originating credit card accounts or in which credit card accounts are open to cardholder purchases, we market to cardholders other ancillary products, including credit and identity theft monitoring, health discount programs, shopping discount programs, debt waivers and life insurance. The significant decline in our ancillary revenues associated with these activities and our interchange revenues corresponds with our account closure actions and the net liquidations we have experienced in all of our credit card receivables portfolios throughout 2009 and thus far in 2010. Absent portfolio acquisitions, we expect only immaterial amounts of ancillary and interchange revenues in the future.
 
    Gain on repurchase of convertible senior notes.  In the three months ended March, 2010 and under the terms of a tender offer for the repurchase of both series of our convertible senior notes, we repurchased $24.7 million in face amount of our 3.625% convertible senior notes due 2025 and $15.6 million in face amount of our 5.875% convertible senior notes due 2035 for $12.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively, both amounts being inclusive of transactions costs and accrued interest through the date of our repurchase of the notes.  The repurchases resulted in an aggregate gain of $13.9 million (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs and debt discount, which were recovered in connection with the purchase). Subsequently, during the three months ended June 30, 2010, both in open market transactions and pursuant to the closing of a second tender offer, we repurchased an additional $29.8 million in face amount of our 3.625% notes for $18.2 million (inclusive of transaction costs and accrued interest through the date of our repurchase of the notes), thereby resulting in the recognition of an aggregate gain during the three months ended June 30, 2010 of $8.8 million (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs and debt discount, which were recovered in connection with the purchases). Accordingly, in the aggregate, we recognized $22.7 million of gains on the repurchase of our convertible senior notes during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
 
    In the six months ended June 30, 2009, we repurchased $300,000 in face amount of our 3.625% notes. The purchase price for these notes totaled $90,000 (including transaction costs and accrued interest) and resulted in a gain of $160,000 (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs and debt discount, which were recovered in connection with the purchase). We are actively pursuing repurchases of our convertible senior notes, which would result in additional as of yet unknown gains upon such repurchases.
 
    Equity in loss of equity-method investees. The continued adverse results with respect to our equity-method investees reflect the effects of poor economic conditions on the performance of our equity-method investees’ credit card receivables portfolios. Absent possible investments in new equity-method investees in the future, we expect gradually declining effects our equity-method investments on our operating results. We expect to see continued liquidations in the credit card receivables portfolios held by our equity-method investees for the foreseeable future, and we expect future results (whether loss or income) from our current equity-method investees that will not be material to our financial condition or operating results.
 
    Provision for losses on loans and fees receivable.  Our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable covers aggregate loss exposures on (1) principal receivable balances, (2) finance charges and late fees receivable underlying income amounts included within our total interest income category, and (3) other fees receivable. The increase in the provision for losses on loans and fees receivable is almost exclusively due to the consolidation of our formerly off-balance-sheet credit card receivables securitizations onto our consolidated balance sheet because of the de-securitization and reconsolidation of our lower-tier credit card receivables portfolio upon investor repayment in the fourth quarter of 2009 and pursuant to accounting rules changes effective as of January 1, 2010 (i.e., the effect of

 
39


 
these rules changes is that as we now include all charge-offs associated with these consolidated credit card receivables in our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable). Absent the consolidation of these aforementioned credit card receivables, our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable would have marginally increased (by less than $5.0 million) between the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2010 primarily due to growth within our MEM operations and increased provisions related to the closure of several of our JRAS sales and servicing locations and the corresponding impact on expected charge offs, these increases being offset slightly by net liquidations in our auto finance receivables. However, notwithstanding these MEM and JRAS effects, our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable would have declined by over $2.5 million between the three months end June 30, 2009 and 2010.
 
We expect continued reductions in our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable throughout 2010 attributable to expected net contractions in our credit card and auto finance receivables with the gradual net liquidation of these portfolios. The level of contraction in these receivables is expected to outpace growth in receivables within our Retail Micro-Loans and Internet Micro-Loans segments. Moreover, we do not expect any significant deviations in our credit risks, delinquencies and loss rates in 2010 versus 2009 (other than potential improvements if and as the economy improves); such improvements could further contribute to expected reductions in our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable.
 
Further details concerning credit loss trends and expectations by segment are provided throughout our forthcoming discussion and analysis of each segment.
 
Total other operating expense. Total other operating expense decreased relative to 2009 levels in both the three and six month-periods ended June 30, 2010, reflecting the following:
 
·  
diminished salaries and benefits costs resulting from our ongoing cost-cutting efforts as we continue to adjust our internal operations to reflect the declining size of our existing portfolios;
 
·  
decreases within card and loan servicing expenses, primarily as a result of credit card and auto finance receivables portfolio liquidations—such decreases being partially offset by increased costs associated with MEM given its significant expansion throughout 2009 and into the three and six month-periods ended June 30, 2010;
 
·  
decreases in depreciation due to cost containment measures, specifically a diminished level of capital investments by us;
 
·  
the absence in 2010 periods of goodwill impairment charges experienced within our Retail Micro-Loans segment during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 in connection with its exit from the state of Arkansas; and
 
·  
lower other expenses (which include, for example, rent and other occupancy costs, legal and professional fees, transportation and travel costs, telecom and data processing costs, insurance premiums, and other overhead cost categories) as we continue to adjust our associated internal costs based on the declining size of our existing portfolios;
 
offset, however, by:
 
·  
higher marketing and solicitation costs primarily based on growth plans within our Internet Micro-Loans segment; and
 
·  
costs associated with our decision to exercise a termination option for a portion of the space currently under lease at our corporate headquarters, such option resulting in a $4.3 million lease termination-related charge to expense during the three months ended June 30, 2010.
 
While we incur certain base levels of fixed costs, a large portion of our operating costs are variable based on the levels of accounts we market and receivables we service (both for our own account and for others) and the pace and breadth of our search for, acquisition of and introduction of new business lines, products and services. We have substantially reduced our exploration of new products and services and research and development efforts
 

 
40


 
pending improvements in the economy and the liquidity markets. In addition, we have terminated various operations that were start-up in nature and were not individually meeting our current capital allocation requirements. Given our current focus on cost-cutting and maximizing shareholder returns in light of the continuing dislocation in the liquidity markets and significant uncertainties as to when these markets and the economy will sufficiently improve, we expect further reductions in most cost categories discussed above over the next several quarters. We continue to perform extensive reviews of all areas of our businesses for cost savings opportunities to better align our costs with our net liquidating portfolio of managed receivables. As an example, and as noted elsewhere in this Report, we took actions (including issuing planned termination notices to affected U.S. call center employees) to better leverage our global infrastructure, thereby outsourcing portions of our U.S. credit card customer service and collections operations in the first quarter of 2010. Given the lower costs of labor within the countries where our outsourcing vendors are located, we experienced lower costs associated with our credit card customer service and collection operations during the second quarter and expect to see further declines in subsequent 2010 quarters.
 
Notwithstanding our cost-cutting efforts and focus, we continue to incur heightened legal costs and will continue to incur these costs at heightened levels until we resolve all outstanding litigation. Additionally, while it is relatively easy for us to scale back our variable expenses, it is much more difficult for us to appreciably reduce our fixed and other costs associated with an infrastructure (particularly within our Credit Cards segment) that was built to support growing managed receivables and levels of managed receivables that are significantly higher than both our current levels and the levels that we expect to see in the near future. At this point, our credit cards segment cash inflows are sufficient to cover the direct variable costs of this segment and a portion, but not all, of the segment’s share of overhead costs (including, for example, corporate-level executive and administrative costs and our convertible senior notes interest costs). As such, if we are not successful in further reducing overhead costs, then, depending upon the sufficiency of excess cash flows and earnings generated from our Auto Finance, Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables and Retail and Internet Micro-Loan segments, we may experience continuing pressure on our liquidity position and our ability to be profitable.
 
Noncontrolling interests. We reflect the ownership interests of noncontrolling holders of equity in our majority-owned subsidiaries (including management team holders of shares in our subsidiary entities; see Note 13, “Stock-Based Compensation”) as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated statements of operations. Our noncontrolling interests historically have been principally comprised of (1) financing partners in our Credit Cards segment  majority-owned subsidiaries, with respect to which activity levels are gradually diminishing with liquidations of our credit card receivables portfolios and which have incurred net losses in recent periods and may incur further net losses in the future, (2) management team members in our Investments in Previously Charged-off Receivables segment majority-owned subsidiary which typically has experienced net income, and (3) management team members in our MEM majority-owned subsidiaries (which are experiencing growing profitability, but with respect to which we recently have purchased noncontrolling interests). In December 2009, we repurchased for $2.2 million a portion of the noncontrolling interests in MEM representing 2.5% of the total outstanding ownership of MEM. Additionally, in March 2010, we acquired noncontrolling interests representing 6% of MEM (within our Internet Micro-Loans segment) for £4.3 million ($6.6 million), thereby reducing outstanding noncontrolling interests in MEM from 24% at December 31, 2009 to 18% as of both March 31 and June 30, 2010. All things being equal, these reduced outstanding noncontrolling interests in our MEM majority-owned subsidiaries can be expected to reduce our net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the future. Lastly, we purchased all of the noncontrolling interests held by management team members in our Investments in Previously Charged-off Receivables segment in the three-month period ended March 31, 2010; all things being equal, this purchase also can be expected to reduce our net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the future. Notwithstanding our trending and general expectations in the future of net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (albeit at lower amounts reflecting their reduced interests as noted above), we experienced net losses attributable to noncontrolling interests for the three months ended June 30, 2010 due to losses experienced within our Credit Cards segment majority-owned subsidiaries,
 
Income taxes. Our overall effective tax rates (computed considering results for both continuing and discontinued operations before income taxes in the aggregate) were -0.1% and -1.6% for three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, compared to 29.9% and 31.9% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. We have experienced no material changes in effective tax rates associated with differences in filing jurisdictions between these periods, and the variations in effective tax rates between these periods are substantially

 
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related to the effects of changes in valuation allowances provided against income statement-oriented U.S. federal, foreign and state deferred tax assets ($5.7 million and $18.0 million increases in valuation allowances, respectively, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010).  There was a $10.7 million corresponding valuation allowance change that affected our effective tax rates during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. As computed without regard to the effects of all changes in U.S. federal, foreign, state, and local tax valuation allowances taken against income statement-oriented deferred tax assets, our effective tax rates would more likely than not have been 19.3% and 24.3 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, compared to 35% and 33.7% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Our negative effective tax rate during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 results from the fact that we incurred net losses during such periods, while at the same time we incurred (1) U.K. tax expense associated with our profitable MEM operations (such U.K. tax expenses exceeding the recognized tax benefits (after valuation allowances) on our U.S. losses) and (2) interest accruals on unrecognized tax benefits.
 
Credit Cards Segment
 
Our Credit Cards segment includes our activities relating to investments in and servicing of our various credit card receivables portfolios. The revenues we earn from credit card activities primarily include finance charges, late fees, over-limit fees, annual fees, activation fees, monthly maintenance fees, returned-check fees and cash advance fees. Also, while insignificant currently, revenues (during previous periods of account origination and in which accounts were open to cardholder purchases) also have included those associated with (1) our sale of ancillary products such as memberships, insurance products, subscription services and debt waiver, as well as (2) interchange fees representing a portion of the merchant fee assessed by card associations based on cardholder purchase volumes underlying credit card receivables.
 
Additionally, we solicit accounts to participate in our balance transfer program through our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment, whereby we offer potential customers a credit card product in exchange for payments made on a previously charged-off debt that we either have purchased or have agreed to purchase upon acceptance of our balance transfer offer terms.  After our receipt of an offered and agreed-upon level of payments on the previously charged-off debt, a credit card is made available to the consumer, and as the consumer further reduces his or her outstanding previously charged-off debt balance, additional credit is made available to the consumer under the credit card product.  The initial costs of this program are relatively low when compared to our traditional credit card offerings, and while we anticipate growing this product at a moderate pace during the coming quarters, this product offerings open credit card accounts currently represent 1.8% of our consolidated loans and fees receivable (net or at fair value). After card issuance, the revenues and costs associated with the balance transfer program credit card offerings are included in our Credit Cards segment results; whereas, the pre-card-issuance activities associated with the initial purchase and collection of the outstanding balance of previously charged-off debt are included in our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment results.
 
The way we record our credit card receivables in our consolidated balance sheets and in our consolidated statements of operations depends on the form of our ownership. While the underlying activities are similar between each of our portfolios, there are differences, and how we reflect these activities in our financial statements differs dramatically depending on our ownership form. These forms currently include:
 
 
originated or purchased; and
 
 
consolidated or non-consolidated.
 
Our originated portfolios include the credit card receivables of customers obtained through our own marketing efforts, whereas our purchased portfolios include the credit card receivables of customer accounts that were solicited and originated by others prior to our acquisitions of the portfolios at varying but generally significant purchase discounts. We historically have spent a substantial amount on marketing to originate new cardholder accounts, although we currently have discontinued substantially all credit card marketing activities. We expense the majority of our credit card marketing costs when we incur them. New cardholders also require greater servicing efforts than established accounts. Originated accounts generally do not charge off until after the account is open for at least six months. During prior periods of rapid growth in originated cardholder accounts, we historically showed high relative servicing and marketing expenses but low relative charge offs of delinquent accounts. On the other hand, when we have purchased credit card portfolios from others, we historically have purchased them at substantial

 
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discounts. We generally have earned fees from the cardholders immediately after the purchase and have not had to bear the high marketing costs associated with the solicitation and origination of the accounts. The receivables we purchase in portfolio transactions are in various stages of delinquency, and some will charge off, for example, in the first month after we purchase them. In computing our managed receivables statistics (see discussion below), we apply a portion of our purchase discount to offset the face amount of those receivables we believe have a high probability of charging off in the first few months following a portfolio acquisition.
 
Prior to accounting rules changes requiring consolidation of our formerly off-balance-sheet credit card receivables securitization trusts effective January 1, 2010, substantially all of our credit card receivables were securitized through off-balance-sheet securitizations. In these securitizations, we sold the receivables to trusts, and generally recognized gains on such sales that we referred to as a securitization gains. Because we sold these receivables in accordance with applicable accounting standards in effect at the time, we removed them from our consolidated balance sheets. We recorded the operating activities associated with our securitized credit card receivables in the fees and related income on securitized earning assets category in our consolidated statements of operations (a category which is no longer applicable after 2009). The sub-categories of income on these securitized receivables included: (1) the securitization gains noted above; (2) income from (and more recently, loss on) retained interests in credit card receivables securitized, which generally included finance charges, late fees, over-limit fees, annual fees, and monthly maintenance fees; and (3) fees on securitized receivables, which included activation fees, returned-check fees, cash advance fees and other fees. We recorded fee charge offs for securitized receivables as an offset to their related revenues, and we accounted for net principal charge offs as an offset in determining income from (and more recently, loss on) retained interests in credit card receivables securitized.
 
During any periods (including all post-2009 periods) in which we hold credit card receivables on our balance sheet (e.g., prior to our securitization or after our de-securitization of them), we record the finance charges and late fees in the consumer loans, including past due fees category on our consolidated statements of operations, we include the over-limit, annual, monthly maintenance, returned-check, cash advance and other fees in the fees and other income on earning assets category on our consolidated statements of operations, and we reflect the charge offs within our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable on our consolidated statements of operations. Additionally, because we currently report our formerly securitized credit card receivables at fair value in our consolidated financial statements, we show the effects of fair value changes as a component of fees and related income on earning assets in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.
 
We historically have originated and purchased our credit card portfolios through subsidiary entities. Generally, if we control through direct ownership or exert a controlling interest in the entity, we consolidate it and reflect its operations as noted above. If we exert significant influence but do not control the entity, we record our share of its net operating results in the equity in income of equity-method investees category on our consolidated statements of operations.
 
Background
 
We make various references within our discussion of the Credit Cards segment to our managed receivables. In calculating managed receivables data, we assume that none of the credit card receivables underlying our off-balance-sheet securitization facilities was ever transferred to an off-balance-sheet securitization trust. Additionally, while we include within managed receivables those receivables we manage for our consolidated subsidiaries, we exclude from managed receivables our noncontrolling interest holders’ shares of the receivables. Lastly, we include within managed receivables only our economic share of the receivables that we manage for our equity-method investees.
 
Financial, operating and statistical data based on aggregate managed receivables are vital to any evaluation of our performance in managing our credit card portfolios, including our underwriting, servicing and collecting activities and our valuing of purchased receivables. In allocating our resources and managing our business, management relies heavily upon financial data and results prepared on this “managed basis.” Analysts, investors and others also consider it important that we provide selected financial, operating and statistical data on a managed basis because this allows a comparison of us to others within the specialty finance industry. Moreover, our management, analysts, investors and others believe it is critical that they understand the credit performance of the entire portfolio of our managed receivables because it reveals information concerning the quality of loan originations and the related

 
43

 
credit risks inherent within the portfolios that we formerly reported as off-balance-sheet securitizations in 2009 and prior periods.
 
Reconciliation of the managed receivables data to our GAAP financial statements requires: (1) recognition for 2009 and prior periods that substantially all of our credit card receivables were sold in off-balance-sheet securitization transactions; (2) an understanding that our managed receivables data are based on billings and actual charge offs as they occur, without regard to any changes in our allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable or any changes in the fair value of loans and fees receivable and their associated structured financing notes; (3) inclusion of our economic share of (or equity interest in) the receivables we manage for our equity-method investees; and (4) removal of our noncontrolling interest holders’ shares of the managed receivables underlying our GAAP consolidated results.
 
As noted above, we typically have purchased credit card receivables portfolios at substantial discounts. In our managed basis statistical data, we apply a portion of these discounts against receivables acquired for which charge off is considered likely, including accounts in late stages of delinquency at the date of acquisition; this portion is measured based on our acquisition date estimate of the shortfall of cash flows expected to be collected on the acquired portfolios relative to the face amount of receivables represented within the acquired portfolios. We refer to the balance of the discount for each purchase not needed for credit quality as accretable yield, which we accrete into net interest margin in our managed basis statistical data using the interest method over the estimated life of each acquired portfolio. As of the close of each financial reporting period, we evaluate the appropriateness of the credit quality discount component of our acquisition discount and the accretable yield component of our acquisition discount based on actual and projected future results.
 
Asset Quality
 
Our delinquency and charge-off data at any point in time reflect the credit performance of our managed receivables. The average age of the credit card accounts underlying our receivables, the timing of portfolio purchases, the success of our collection and recovery efforts and general economic conditions all affect our delinquency and charge-off rates. The average age of the accounts underlying our credit card receivables portfolio also affects the stability of our delinquency and loss rates. We consider this delinquency and charge-off data in our determination of the fair value of our credit card receivables, as well as our allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable in the case of our balance transfer program credit card receivables.
 
Our strategy for managing delinquency and receivables losses consists of account management throughout the customer relationship. This strategy includes credit line management and pricing based on the risks of the credit card accounts. See also our discussion of collection strategies under the heading “How Do We Collect from Our Customers?” in Item 1, “Business,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.  

 
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The following table presents the delinquency trends of the credit card receivables we manage, as well as charge-off data and other managed loan statistics (in thousands; percentages of total):
   
At or for the Three Months Ended
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
Jun. 30
   
Mar. 31
   
Dec. 31
   
Sept. 30
   
Jun. 30
   
Mar. 31
   
Dec. 31
   
Sept. 30
 
Period-end managed receivables
  $ 1,052,977     $ 1,259,687     $ 1,523,105     $ 1,751,037     $ 2,049,503     $ 2,299,925     $ 2,714,375     $ 3,041,877  
Period-end managed accounts
    1,629       1,888       2,080       2,620       3,031       3,392       3,801       4,171  
Percent 30 or more days past due
    19.3 %     20.2 %     22.5 %     21.0 %     20.5 %     23.3 %     23.8 %     18.8 %
Percent 60 or more days past due
    14.5 %     16.0 %     17.1 %     15.8 %     15.7 %     18.7 %     17.4 %     13.9 %
Percent 90 or more days past due
    10.3 %     12.5 %     12.1 %     11.1 %     11.6 %     14.6 %     12.7 %     9.8 %
                                                                 
Average managed receivables
  $ 1,146,358     $ 1,396,628     $ 1,633,455     $ 1,916,291     $ 2,190,561     $ 2,530,390     $ 2,903,953     $ 3,079,867  
Combined gross charge-off ratio
    47.8 %     42.8 %     42.7 %     45.9 %     54.4 %     52.6 %     33.9 %     33.0 %
Net charge-off ratio
    37.2 %     34.8 %     33.5 %     30.0 %     29.7 %     20.7 %     14.8 %     15.4 %
Adjusted charge-off ratio
    36.8 %     34.5 %     33.0 %     29.5 %     29.2 %     20.2 %     14.2 %     14.5 %
Total yield ratio
    27.6 %     29.4 %     30.5 %     55.7 %     34.0 %     36.2 %     46.4 %     44.4 %
Gross yield ratio
    20.6 %     21.2 %     22.1 %     21.5 %     20.6 %     22.0 %     25.3 %     24.8 %
Net interest margin
    11.3 %     14.9 %     14.0 %     14.7 %     11.7 %     3.7 %     13.6 %     14.8 %
Other income ratio
    3.6 %     4.7 %     5.9 %     22.7 %     (4.8 )%     (1.9 )%     9.8 %     7.7 %
Operating ratio
    12.0 %     11.2 %     16.8 %     11.4 %     10.2 %     9.3 %     8.6 %     9.1 %
 
Managed receivables. The consistent quarterly declines in our period-end and average managed receivables over the last eight quarters reflect the net liquidating state of substantially all of our individual credit card receivables portfolios. Recent account actions, including account closures and finance charge and fee credits under incentive programs aimed at increasing cardholder payment rates, have resulted in an accelerated pace of reductions in our managed receivables balances. Beyond the significant effect on our managed receivables balances of finance charge and fee credits aimed at improving customer payment rates, balances have fallen rapidly in recent quarters as (1) we have suspended charging privileges on substantially all of our accounts and thus there are far fewer purchases than in prior periods and (2) many customers are either unwilling or unable to continue making payments on these closed accounts given the current economic landscape, thereby leading to delinquencies and ultimate charge offs of the accounts and their underlying receivables.  With the isolated exception of our balance transfer program within our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment (the post-card issuance activities of which are reported within our Credit Cards segment), we have curtailed our credit card marketing efforts in light of dislocation in the liquidity markets and our uncertainty as to when and if these markets will rebound sufficiently to facilitate organic growth in our credit card receivables operations and as a result do not anticipate meaningful additions in the near term to offset the balance contractions noted above.
 
Delinquencies. Delinquencies have the potential to impact net income in the form of net credit losses. Delinquencies also are costly in terms of the personnel and resources dedicated to resolving them. We intend for the account management strategies we use on our portfolio to manage and, to the extent possible, reduce the higher delinquency rates that can be expected in a more mature managed portfolio such as ours. These account management strategies include conservative credit line management, purging of inactive accounts and collection strategies intended to optimize the effective account-to-collector ratio across delinquency categories. We further describe these collection strategies under the heading “How Do We Collect from Our Customers?” in Item 1, “Business” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.  We measure the success of these efforts by measuring delinquency rates. These rates exclude accounts that have been charged off.
 
Our lower-tier credit card receivables typically experience substantially higher delinquency rates and charge-off levels than those of our other originated and purchased portfolios. Throughout 2009 and into the first quarter of 2010, our delinquency statistics have benefited from a mix change whereby disproportionate charge-off

 
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levels for our lower-tier credit card portfolios relative to those of our other credit card receivables have caused a decline in lower-tier credit card receivables as a percentage of our aggregate managed credit card receivables.
 
Notwithstanding that delinquencies and charge offs are lower in more mature credit card receivables portfolios (like ours) that have passed through their peak delinquency and charge-off stages, we took significant account actions that caused a rise in delinquencies in the fourth quarter of 2008 and in the first quarter of 2009—namely significant credit line reductions and account closures. We know from our experience with purchasing credit card portfolios from others that when we reduce credit lines and close accounts, we cause an acceleration of delinquencies and charge offs for those cardholders, many of whom ultimately would have charged off after a longer period of account utilization. We do not believe, however, that credit line reductions and account closures cause good-performing cardholders to charge off at significantly higher levels. This is to say that we believe credit line reductions and account closures cause an accelerating shift forward in credit card charge-off curves, rather than causing a lift in these curves.
 
We do note, however, that our fall 2008 credit line reductions and account closures certainly did not account for all of the increase in delinquencies at December 31, 2008 and further trending year over year increases in quarter-end delinquencies throughout 2009. We saw a significant downward shift in payments rates generally beginning in November 2008, and our delinquency statistics reflect this and the effects of continued economic weakness and increasing unemployment rates on the ability of our cardholders to make their required minimum payments. Higher delinquencies at December 31, 2008 and March 31, 2009 translated into higher charge-off rates in the first two quarters of 2009.
 
Now that the largest wave of account reduction and account closure-related charge offs has cycled through, we ordinarily would expect to begin to see the relatively lower delinquency and charge-off benefits of our more mature portfolios. This trend is starting to bear out as noted in the trending year-over-year declines in our March 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010 delinquency statistics relative to 2009 statistics and is consistent with our expectations for the rest of 2010. While improvements in our charge-off ratios generally can be expected to lag delinquency improvements, we do note the significant year-over-year reduction in our combined gross charge-off ratios in the first two quarters of 2010 relative to 2009 levels.
 
Lastly, notwithstanding the favorable year-over-year delinquency trends noted above, we may experience further deterioration in payment rates and higher delinquencies and charge offs in the future; because we now receive only servicing compensation cash flows from our credit card structured financing facilities given their early or other amortizing status, the liquidity challenges within our Credit Cards segment associated with such reduced cash inflows to us may cause us to further reduce our servicing personnel and costs, thereby reducing the effectiveness of our collection efforts.
 
Charge offs. We generally charge off credit card receivables when they become contractually 180 days past due or within 30 days of notification and confirmation of a customer’s bankruptcy or death. However, if a cardholder makes a payment greater than or equal to two minimum payments within a month of the charge-off date, we may reconsider whether charge-off status remains appropriate. Additionally, in some cases of death, receivables are not charged off if, with respect to the deceased customer’s account, there is a surviving, contractually liable individual or an estate large enough to pay the debt in full.
 
Our lower-tier credit card offerings have higher charge offs relative to their average managed receivables balances, than do our other portfolios. Due to the recent higher rate of decline in these receivables relative to all of our other outstanding credit card receivables, all things being equal, we would expect reduced charge-off ratios.  As previously mentioned, however, recent credit line reduction and account closure actions and the effects of continued economic weakness and increasing unemployment rates resulted in higher quarterly charge-off ratios in 2009 than in comparable 2008 quarters. The trend of higher year-over-year quarterly combined gross charge-off levels reversed in the first and second quarters of 2010 as the impact of account closure actions is largely complete. This trend is not present, however, for our net charge-off ratio and our adjusted charge-off ratio (as discussed in more detail below) simply due to a change in the mix of our charge offs between principal charge offs and finance and fee charge offs.
 
Combined gross charge-off ratio. The increase in combined gross charge-off ratios experienced in 2009 is largely attributable to (1) credit line reduction and account closure actions undertaken in the fall of 2008, which

 
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resulted in an acceleration of charge offs, and (2) the significantly adverse effects of economic weakness and increasing unemployment rates in 2009. Our combined gross charge-off ratio, which began to fall in the second half of 2009, generally is expected to continue trending downward both on a year-over-year comparison basis and in terms of the actual ratio for the foreseeable future. The elevated second quarter 2010 combined gross charge-off ratio relative to the first quarter of 2010 reflects both typical seasonal factors, as well as some effects of our transition of certain collection responsibilities to our outsourcing partners in the second quarter of 2010.
 
Net charge-off ratio. The net charge-off ratio measures principal charge offs, net of recoveries. Variations in the rates of growth or decline in the net charge-off ratio relative to those of our combined gross charge-off ratio can be caused by (1) the relative volumes of principal versus fee credits provided to customers associated with settlement programs and payment incentive programs—such credits being treated as charge offs in our various managed receivables statistics and (2) the relative percentage of our charge offs within our lower-tier credit card portfolio (for which fee charge offs relative to principal charge offs are much greater than with our other originated and purchased portfolios). The trending increase in our net charge-off ratios reflects both of these factors, which have caused a mix change toward a greater percentage of our charge offs being comprised of principal as opposed to finance and fee charge offs. See our net interest margin and other income ratio discussions for further discussion of the relative volumes of principal versus fee credits provided to customers on settlement programs.
 
Adjusted charge-off ratio. This ratio reflects our net charge offs, less credit quality discount accretion with respect to our acquired portfolios. Therefore, its trend line should follow that of our net charge-off ratio, adjusted for the diminishing impact of past portfolio acquisitions and for the additional impact of new portfolio acquisitions. Because our most recent portfolio acquisition was our second quarter 2007 U.K. Portfolio acquisition, we expect the gap between the net charge-off ratio and the adjusted charge-off ratio to continue its general decline absent the purchase of another portfolio at a discount to the face amount of its receivables.
 
Total yield ratio and gross yield ratio. As noted previously, the mix of our managed receivables generally shifted throughout 2008 and 2009 away from those receivables of our lower-tier credit card offerings. Those receivables have higher delinquency rates and late and over-limit assessments than do our other portfolios, and thus have higher total yield and gross yield ratios as well. Accordingly, the generally trending decline in our total yield and gross yield ratios is consistent with disproportionate reductions in our lower-tier credit card receivables over this period.
 
Our total and gross yield ratios have also been adversely affected over the past several quarters by our 2007 U.K. Portfolio acquisition. Its total and gross yields are below average as compared to our other portfolios, and the rate of decline in receivables in this portfolio has lagged behind the rate of decline in receivables in our other portfolios, thus continuing to suppress our yield ratios.
 
Significant generally trending declines in our total yield and gross yield ratios are noted throughout 2009 related to the relative delinquency status of our credit card receivables. We note that we do not bill finance charges and fees on accounts ninety or more days delinquent. We include these accounts in our average managed receivables, but generate no yield from them, and our total and gross yield ratios decline as a result.
 
Finally, the significant level of lower-tier credit card account closures and the significantly higher pace at which lower-tier credit card receivables have charged off relative to other managed receivables have negatively impacted total yield and gross yield ratio calculations. Annual fee billings, which are much greater on lower-tier credit card accounts than for other accounts, have diminished substantially within the total yield calculation, and late fees on lower-tier credit card accounts (which are typically much higher on a percentage-of-receivables-basis than for other accounts) are much less of an input into our total yield and gross yield ratio calculations as the mix of our receivables has shifted away from lower-tier credit card accounts towards our other more traditional accounts. Because we do not anticipate marketing any new lower-tier credit card accounts for the foreseeable future, we anticipate that our total yield and gross yield ratios will not return to levels historically experienced for the foreseeable future.
 
Notwithstanding the above factors causing trending declines in our total and gross yield ratios, the total yield ratio is skewed higher in the first quarter of 2010, the second quarter of 2010, the third quarter of 2009, and the fourth quarter of 2008 due to relatively significant gains associated with debt repurchases in those quarters, as detailed and quantified in the discussion of our other income ratio below.

 
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Net interest margin. Because of the significance of the late fees charged on our lower-tier credit card receivables as a percentage of outstanding receivables balances, we generally would expect our net interest margin to increase as our lower-tier credit card receivables become a larger percentage and to decrease as they become a smaller percentage of our overall managed receivables. We have experienced reductions in our lower-tier credit card receivables levels as a percentage of our managed credit card receivables over the past several quarters. Accordingly, this is the principal factor that has contributed to the continued general declining trend in our net interest margins relative to those experienced in prior years.
 
Our net interest margin also is affected by the effects of our 2007 U.K. Portfolio acquisition. The net interest margin for this portfolio is below the weighted average rate of our other portfolios, and the impact of this portfolio continues to be felt as our originated portfolios continue to decline in size at a faster pace than our acquired U.K. Portfolio, thus increasing the impact of this portfolio’s lower net interest margin on the overall results.
 
Given our credit line reduction and account closure actions undertaken in the fall of 2008, we experienced further declines in our net interest margin for the first quarter of 2009 as reduced finance and late fee billings, coupled with an acceleration of charge offs, contributed to depress our net interest margin to historic lows. These effects were exacerbated by significant finance charge and fee credits issued in the first quarter of 2009 under incentive programs aimed at increasing payment rates. Moreover, despite our more recent change in the mix of incentive payment credits such that more credits are being applied to finance charges and fees than to principal balances, we have experienced general improvements in our net interest margins in recent quarters. The significantly higher allocation of incentive payment credits to finance charges and fees rather than to principal balances also has accounted for the trending increases in our net charge-off ratios and adjusted charge-off ratios in the last three quarters of 2009 and thus far in 2010, notwithstanding generally trending decreases in our gross charge-off ratios over this same period. For the foreseeable future, we expect relative stability in our net interest margin within a high single digit to low double digit range.
 
Other income ratio. We generally expect our other income ratio to increase as our lower-tier receivables become a larger percentage, and to decrease as our lower-tier receivables become a smaller percentage, of our overall managed receivables. When underlying open accounts, these receivables generate significantly higher annual membership, over-limit, monthly maintenance and other fees than do our other portfolios. Consequently, the closure of credit card accounts and the mix change discussed above under which our lower-tier receivables comprise a much smaller percentage of our total receivables accounts for our low other income ratios.
 
Our credit line reduction and account closure actions undertaken in the fall of 2008 also served to depress our other income ratio in the first and second quarters of 2009 as our lower-tier credit card receivables’ fee charge offs within the other income ratio exceeded the fee income from these receivables. These actions, coupled with the aforementioned fee credits issued in the first and second quarters of 2009 under incentive programs aimed at increasing payment rates, resulted in a negative other income ratio in the first and second quarters of 2009. Moreover, but for our recognition of a $114.0 million gain on our purchase and subsequent cancellation of notes issued by our originated portfolio master trust recognized in the third quarter of 2009, the same actions and fee credits would have resulted in a -1.1% other income ratio in the third quarter of 2009. Our other income ratio recovered somewhat in the fourth quarter of 2009 and the first quarter of 2010 and was positively impacted in the first quarter of 2010 with further repurchases of our convertible senior notes. As computed without regard to a $13.9 million gain related to these first quarter repurchases, our other income ratio would have been 0.7% in the three months ended March 31, 2010 in line with our expectations. Similarly, our second quarter of 2010 other income ratio bears the effects of $8.8 million in gains on repurchases of our convertible senior notes and likewise would have been 0.5% as computed without these gains. We expect a positive generally low single digit other income ratio for the foreseeable future unless we experience further gains associated with future debt repurchases, which could cause the ratio to increase significantly.
 
Operating ratio. While we have been highly focused on expense reduction and cost control efforts throughout 2009 and 2010, our managed receivables levels have fallen at faster rates than the rates at which we have been able thus far to reduce our costs (particular when considering our fixed infrastructure costs). As such, we recently have experienced a trending increase in our operating ratio. The increase in our operating ratio in the fourth quarter of 2009, however, is based on our determination that the residual interest associated with our U.K. Portfolio is permanently impaired and our commensurate realization within our consolidated statement of operations of a $26.1 million translation loss associated with this portfolio in the fourth quarter of 2009 (such amount which was previously included as an accumulated other comprehensive loss offset to total equity).

 
Absent this charge, our operating ratio would have fallen to 10.4% for the quarter, largely due to modest legal cost reductions. Our first quarter 2010 operating ratio reflects the positive impacts of continued cost-cutting efforts which will continue to benefit our 2010 ratios, and our operating ratios throughout the remainder of 2010 should fluctuate only slightly from the ratio experienced in the first quarter of 2010. We also note that our operating ratio in the second quarter of 2010 bears the effects of a $4.3 million lease termination charge incurred in the second quarter of 2010, and without this item, our operating ratio would have fallen to 10.5% in this quarter.
 
Future Expectations
 
Because of our account closure actions and our expected liquidations within each of our credit card receivables portfolios, we generally do not expect our yield-oriented managed receivables statistics to improve significantly from their current levels for the foreseeable future. There are significant economic factors that are likely to adversely affect our future Credit Cards segment performance, including ongoing challenges to the U.S. and U.K. economies and continually high unemployment rates within both countries as the ability of our customers to make timely required payments on their credit cards is significantly affected by their employment levels. Based largely, we believe, on sustained high unemployment and underemployment rates in the U.S., we have seen somewhat lower payment rates—the effects of which include yield compression, higher charge offs, reductions in receivables levels and reductions in the cash flows on our portfolios. It is also possible that litigation noted in this Report may result in higher legal expenses for us that could offset other cost-cutting measures that we currently expect to experience within our operating ratios.
 
It is also worth mentioning that our Credit Cards segment operations are separate and distinct from our other segment operations. As such, if we were ever to conclude that the ongoing costs of these operations exceeded their benefits (i.e., cash flows to us and residual asset values), we could liquidate our Credit Card operations (either by continuing to allow them to decline in size or through more aggressive action) with minimal impact on future financial performance of our other operating segments. We reference the table included in Note 10, “Convertible Senior Notes and Notes Payable,” to our condensed consolidated financial statements, which quantifies the risk to our consolidated total equity position associated with a complete liquidation of our Credit Card segment’s receivables.
 
Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables Segment
 
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the following table shows a roll-forward of our investments in previously charged-off receivables activities (in thousands of dollars):
 

   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Unrecovered balance at beginning of period
  $ 25,985     $ 55,488     $ 29,669     $ 47,676  
Acquisitions of defaulted accounts
    12,973       14,278       16,570       31,651  
Cash collections
    (14,119 )     (14,341 )     (28,700 )     (28,221 )
Cost-recovery method income recognized on defaulted accounts (included as a component of fees and related income on earning assets on our condensed consolidated statements of operations)
    8,458       3,846       15,758       8,165  
Unrecovered balance at end of period
  $ 33,297     $ 59,271     $ 33,297     $ 59,271  
Estimated remaining collections (“ERC”) (1)
  $ 102,913     $ 125,844     $ 102,913     $ 125,844  

(1)  
We anticipate collecting 43.8% of the ERC of the existing accounts over the next 12 months, with the balance to be collected thereafter.
 
The above table reflects our use of the cost recovery method of accounting for our investments in previously charged-off receivables. Under this method, we establish static pools consisting of homogenous accounts
 

 
49


 
and receivables for each portfolio acquisition. Once we establish a static pool, we do not change the receivables within the pool. We record each static pool at cost and account for it as a single unit for payment application and income recognition purposes. Under the cost recovery method, we do not recognize income associated with a particular portfolio until cash collections have exceeded the investment. Additionally, until such time as cash collected for a particular portfolio exceeds our investment in the portfolio, we will incur commission costs and other internal and external servicing costs associated with the cash collections on the portfolio investment that we will charge as an operating expense without any offsetting income amounts.
 
Previously charged-off receivables held as of June 30, 2010 principally are comprised of:  normal delinquency charged-off accounts; charged-off accounts associated with Chapter 13 Bankruptcy-related debt; and charged-off accounts acquired through this segment’s balance transfer program prior to such time as credit cards are issued relating to the program’s underlying accounts (as explained in further detail in the Credit Cards segment discussion above). At June 30, 2010, $10.9 million of our investments in previously charged-off receivables balance was comprised of previously charged-off receivables that our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment purchased from our other consolidated subsidiaries, and in determining our net income or loss as reflected on our consolidated statements of operations, we eliminate all material intercompany profits that are associated with these transactions.
 
We generally estimate the life of each pool of previously charged-off receivables we typically acquire to be between 24 and 36 months for normal delinquency charged-off accounts (including balance transfer program accounts) and approximately 60 months for Chapter 13 Bankruptcy-related debt.  Our acquisition of previously charged-off accounts through our balance transfer program results in receivables with a higher-than-typical expected collectible balance. At times when the composition of our defaulted accounts includes more of this type of receivable, the resulting estimated remaining collectible portion per dollar invested is expected to increase. We saw this trend until our recently-settled dispute with Encore arose in 2008. That dispute caused a mix change toward our having to hold significant investments in normal delinquency charged-off accounts purchased from the securitization trusts we service—investments that prior to the dispute were purchased and sold contemporaneously under the Encore forward flow contract. Compounding this trend reversal was the fact that our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s balance transfer program had experienced lower overall placement volumes primarily due to Encore’s decision to discontinue balance transfer program placements to us during the term of the now-settled Encore dispute.
 
With settlement of the Encore dispute and its commitment under the settlement terms to resume placements of balance transfer program volumes to us, we expect improving trends and results associated with the balance transfer program within our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment. Beyond the committed Encore placement volumes under the program, we also believe that the current economic environment could lead to increased opportunities for growth in the balance transfer program as consumers with less access to credit create additional demand and can lead to increased placements from third parties. We also note that we began exploring a balance transfer program in the U.K. in the second quarter of 2008; this program has generated modest revenues thus far and although we expected it to grow more rapidly, its results are not anticipated to be material in 2010.
 
The primary factor affecting comparisons of our cost recovery method income between the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2010 are the effects of the now-terminated forward flow agreement with Encore, the disputes under which depressed income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 prior to our favorable settlement of these disputes in the three months ended September 30, 2009.
 
Until the Encore dispute arose in 2008, the segment had, almost simultaneously with each of its purchases from our securitization trusts, sold these charge offs for a fixed sales price under its five-year forward flow contract with Encore rather than retain them on its balance sheet. With these essentially simultaneous pass-through transactions, the segment had not previously experienced any substantial mismatch between the timing of its collections expenses and the production of revenues under its cost recovery method of accounting. This changed in the third quarter of 2008, however, as a result of Encore’s refusal to purchase receivables under the forward flow contract. During the term of this now-settled dispute, our Investment in Previously Charged-Off receivables segment retained its purchased charge offs on its balance sheet and undertook collection activities to maximize its return on these purchases. The retention of these receivables caused significant reductions in its earnings relative to prior periods given the mismatching of cost recovery method collection expenses with their associated revenues (i.e., as

 
50


 
collection expenses were incurred up front, while revenue recognition was delayed until complete recovery of each respective acquired portfolio’s investment).
 
Our third quarter 2009 settlement with Encore allowed our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment to dispose of volumes of previously charged off receivables that had built up on its balance sheet during the term of the Encore dispute. Under the settlement, Encore agreed to pay a negotiated price for these previously charged off receivables, and its and our obligations to one another for any potential futures sales of previously charged off receivables to them under the forward flow contract were extinguished. The settlement resulted in the recognition of the then-remaining $21.2 million in deferred revenue in the third quarter of 2009 and a corresponding release of $8.7 million in restricted cash; inclusive of all liabilities extinguished and amounts received and paid in connection with our settlement with Encore, the settlement resulted in a net pre-tax gain of $11.0 million which is reflected within our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s results for 2009.
 
Although the Encore dispute has been settled, we do not expect our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment to return to pre-dispute profitability levels in the near future. Encore will no longer be purchasing the portfolios of previously charged-off receivables that this segment purchases from our Credit Cards segment.  As a result, the segment will likely hold previously charged-off receivables on its balance sheet and collect on them—thereby giving rise to the aforementioned cost-recovery-induced expense and revenue timing mismatches. Additionally, even if our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment were to identify a buyer for its holdings of these previously charged-off receivables, it is likely that such a buyer would pay significantly less than Encore did. Under its fixed-price commitment, Encore was paying a price that was reflective of the high valuations being placed on charged-off paper in the market generally in 2005, rather than in today’s environment in which the relative supply of charged-off paper is significantly greater. Moreover, we do not anticipate that our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment will be purchasing previously charged-off receivables in the near future at the same volumes as it was prior to the beginning of the Encore dispute.
 
Notwithstanding the above-discussed factors surrounding our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s historic purchases of previously charged-off receivables from our Credit Cards segment, an increase in the availability of third-party charged-off paper has created several opportunities for us since the fourth quarter of 2008. We have been able to complete several large purchases of previously charged-off receivables portfolios from third parties at attractive pricing. Moreover, we ultimately expect to grow more rapidly and significantly based on the volume of previously charged-off receivables that exists in the market place. We note, however, that many credit grantors currently are electing to retain their previously charged-off receivables portfolios rather than accept lower prices for them, and until this growing volume of previously charged-off receivables is made available to debt purchasers, we will not be able to grow as rapidly as desired.
 
The improved environment also has benefited our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s opportunities and performance with respect to Chapter 13 Bankruptcy-related debt. It recently obtained financing for these purchases, as well as for normal delinquency portfolios.  The pricing of Chapter 13 Bankruptcy-related debt has been attractive enough to allow for our purchase of several sizable portfolios of this type that are expected to produce attractive returns for us, and with our current credit facilities available for Chapter 13 Bankruptcy purchases, we expect to continue to expand our activities in this area.
 
Micro-Loan Businesses
 
Our micro-loan businesses principally consist of marketing, servicing and/or originating small-balance, short-term loans (generally less than $500 or the equivalent thereof in the British pound for pound-denominated loans for less than 30 days) through a network of 312 retail branch locations in the U.S. and via the Internet in both the U.S. and the U.K.  Operations through our retail branch locations are referred to as our “Retail Micro-Loans” segment, while our micro-loans made through the Internet are referred to as our “Internet Micro-Loans” segment.
 
Retail Micro-Loans Segment
 
In most of the states in which our Retail Micro-Loans segment operates, we make loans directly to customers against personal checks, which are held until the customers repay the loan principal and fees or until the holding period has expired (typically 14 days). This form of business is generally referred to as a “deferred presentment” service. In exchange for this service, we receive an earned check fee typically ranging from approximately 15% to 17% of the advance amount.
 

 
51


 
This deferred presentment model operates under the authority of state-governed enabling statutes. The form and structure of these deferred presentments may change in accordance with corresponding changes in state, local and federal law.
 
We also cash checks for our customers at a fee calculated as a percentage of the face of the check in certain locations. We also may charge and collect additional fees for loan originations, returned checks, late fees and other fees as allowed by governing laws and statutes. Currently, origination fees range from $15 to $30 but are subject to change pursuant to changes in applicable laws. Fees for returned items declined due to NSF and closed accounts are typically set by state and range from $30 to $50, while late fees, which also vary by state, can be as high as $50.
 
Customers obtain micro-loans from us by visiting our retail storefronts and completing the loan application process. Once the application is completed by the customer, the store personnel review the documents to ensure that the information provided is accurate and sufficient to make an informed underwriting decision.  Once approved by our underwriting model, the customer signs an agreement that outlines the micro-loan terms. The customer then provides a check or ACH authorization to cover the amount of the micro-loan plus any fees or interest associated with the micro-loan. By signing the micro-loan agreement, the customer agrees to return on the date specified, typically his/her pay date to “buy back” his/her check or revoke his/her ACH authorization, thus repaying the micro-loan including any fees or interest outstanding. Should the customer fail to return on the specified date, we may deposit his/her check or initiate the ACH previously authorized by the customer. In addition to the balance of the micro-loan and associated fees or interest, we may also seek to collect any applicable NSF and/or late fees accrued.
 
In states where permissible by law, we may offer alternative products to micro-loan customers as well as to customers who do not obtain micro-loans from us. Product and service offerings include check cashing, as well as services offered by independent third parties through contractual agreements with us. These third-party products and services include tax preparation services, money order and wire transfer services and bill payment services.
 
Our deferred presentment service businesses are regulated directly and indirectly under various federal and state consumer protection and other laws, rules and regulations, including the federal Truth-In-Lending Act, the federal Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the federal Fair Credit Reporting Act, the federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the federal Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and federal Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act. These statutes and their enabling regulations, among other things, impose disclosure requirements when a consumer loan or cash advance is advertised and when the account is opened. In addition, various state statutes limit the rate and fees that may be charged, prohibit discriminatory practices in extending credit, impose limitations on the number and form of transactions and restrict the use of consumer credit reports and other account-related information. Many of the states in which these businesses operate have various licensing requirements and impose certain financial or other conditions in connection with their licensing requirements. Any adverse change in or interpretation of existing laws or regulations or the failure to comply with any such laws and regulations could result in fines, class-action litigation, or interruption or cessation of certain business activities. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, there can be no assurance that amendments to such laws and regulations or new or more restrictive laws or regulations, or interpretations thereof, will not be adopted in the future which may make compliance more difficult or expensive, further limit or restrict fees and other charges, curtail current operations, restrict our ability to expand operations or otherwise materially adversely affect our businesses or prospects.  For example in the states of South Carolina and Kentucky, new laws have been enacted to require the use of a database to limit consumers to one outstanding micro-loan. This caused us to lose customers because many of our customers had outstanding loans with our competitors in addition to us and were forced to choose and utilize the services of only one micro-loan provider. Moreover, we continue to face regulatory challenges in the state of Ohio. Although the effects of the South Carolina and Kentucky database requirements have resulted in some contractions in our outstanding micro-loan receivables and earnings thereon that have not been material to our consolidated financial statements and although we believe we may be able to implement alternative business and lending models that will allow our continued profitable operations in Ohio for the foreseeable future, we cannot assure any particular Ohio outcomes. Additionally, we do not yet know the potential future effects on our business, prospects, results of operations or financial condition that the recent enactment of the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, along with its creation of a federal Consumer Protection Agency with jurisdiction over U.S. micro-loan product offerings, will have on our U.S. micro-loan activities, and it is possible that the effects, if any, may not be known for several months or years. We are active in FISCA and continually monitor federal, state and local regulatory activity through FISCA, as well as state and local lobbyists.
 

 
52

 
During the second quarter of 2009, we elected to close all our Arkansas locations due to an increasingly negative regulatory environment in that state.  We have included our Arkansas results in the discontinued operations category in our consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.
 
During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, we closed two and six locations, respectively (other than those closed as part of our discontinued operations) and did not open any new locations. Included in store closures for the six months ended June 30, 2009 are all of our storefront locations associated with our U.K. storefront operations.  Currently, we are not planning to significantly expand the current number of locations in any new or existing markets; instead, we likely will continue to look at closing individual locations that do not meet our profitability thresholds. In addition, we will continue to evaluate our risk-adjusted returns in the states comprising the continuing operations of our Retail Micro-Loans segment.
 
A roll-forward of our Retail Micro-Loans segment locations follows:
 
   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
Beginning number of locations included in continuing operations
    314       350  
Closed locations
    (2 )     (6 )
Locations classified as discontinued operations (1)
          (27 )
Ending number of locations included in continuing operations
    312       317  
(1)  
Reflects stores located in the state of Arkansas.
 
Our Retail Micro-Loans segment marketed and originated $103.5 million and $202.1 million in micro-loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, which resulted in revenue of $17.1 million and $35.3 million, respectively, during those periods; this compares with $101.1 million and $193.1 million in micro-loans generated during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, which produced revenue of $16.6 million and $33.2 million, respectively, during those periods.
 
Summary financial data for this segment (dollars in thousands) are as follows:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended
 June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended
 June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Total revenues
  $ 17,079     $ 16,566     $ 35,266     $ 33,242  
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
  $ 1,501     $ (16,549 )   $ 3,817     $ (17,627 )
Loss on discontinued operations before income taxes
  $     $ (6,750 )   $     $ (6,599 )
Period-end loans and fees receivable, gross
  $ 37,038     $ 33,492     $ 37,038     $ 33,492  
 
Based on these results, trending growth in revenues we are experiencing for our continuing operations, and positive trending charge-off data we continue to experience, we believe we will have profits at growing levels within this segment throughout the remainder of 2010.
 
The above-disclosed pre-tax loss on discontinued operations reflects losses during the six months ended June 30, 2009 associated with our Arkansas storefronts due to our second quarter 2009 decision to discontinue our Arkansas operations due to an increasingly negative regulatory environment within that state.
 

 
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The following table presents additional financial, operating and statistical metrics (dollars per store in thousands) for the continuing operations of our Retail Micro-Loans segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
 
   
For the Three Months Ended June 30,
Per store (based on weighted average 312 and 319 storefronts open during the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively):  
2010
   
2009
   
Income
Increase (Decrease)
 
   
Dollars
   
% Revenue
   
Dollars
   
% Revenue
   
Dollars
%
 
Revenue
  $ 55       100.0 %   $ 52       100.0 %   $ 3       5.8 %
Direct expense
                                               
Salaries and benefits
    15       27.3 %     14       26.9 %     (1 )     (7.1 )%
Provision for losses on loans and fees receivable
    9       16.3 %     8       15.4 %     (1 )     (12.5 )%
Occupancy
    8       14.5 %     8       15.4 %           %
Depreciation
    1       1.8 %     1       1.9 %           %
Advertising
    4       7.3 %     2       3.8 %     (2 )     (100.0 )%
Other
    4       7.3 %     3       5.8 %     (1 )     (33.3 )%
Total direct expense
    41       74.5 %     36       69.2 %     (5 )     (13.9 )%
Contribution margin
  $ 14       25.5 %   $ 16       30.8 %   $ (2 )     (12.5 )%


   
For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Per store (based on weighted average 313 and 319 storefronts open during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively):  
2010
   
2009
   
Income
Increase (Decrease)
 
   
Dollars
   
% Revenue
   
Dollars
   
% Revenue
   
Dollars
%
 
Revenue
  $ 113       100.0 %   $ 104       100.0 %   $ 9       8.7 %
Direct expense
                                               
Salaries and benefits
    31       27.4 %     29       27.9 %     (2 )     (6.9 )%
Provision for losses on loans and fees receivable
    17       15.0 %     15       14.4 %     (2 )     (13.3 )%
Occupancy
    15       13.3 %     15       14.4 %           %
Depreciation
    2       1.8 %     3       2.9 %     1       33.3 %
Advertising
    7       6.2 %     4       3.8 %     (3 )     (75.0 )%
Other
    8       7.1 %     7       6.7 %     (1 )     (14.3 )%
Total direct expense
    80       70.8 %     73       70.1 %     (7 )     (9.6 )%
Contribution margin
  $ 33       29.2 %   $ 31       29.9 %   $ 2       6.5 %

 
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Revenue per store location increased in both 2010 periods relative to corresponding 2009 periods primarily due to continuing improvements in the state of Ohio. Late in 2008 and throughout 2009, we overcame 2008 legislative actions that had prohibited the issuance of traditional cash advance micro-loans under a fee structure necessary to maintain acceptable profits, and we re-established our footprint in the state of Ohio by offering an alternative product under the Ohio Small Loan Act. Our revenue per store improvements were also due in part to our closure of our unprofitable U.K. storefronts in the first quarter of 2009. Offsetting these factors, however, was the implementation of our new underwriting methodology which has reduced the gross number of loans that we issue per store. While higher than in 2009, the lower revenues per store that we experienced in the second quarter of 2010 relative to the first quarter of 2010 principally reflects the effects of our implementation of new database requirements in South Carolina and Kentucky, which has depressed revenues per store in those states. We expect to see continuing trending improvements in these states for the balance of 2010, however.
 
    Expense categories are relatively consistent year over year as we did not open or close a significant number of storefront locations (excluding those associated with discontinued operations).  We did experience slightly higher advertising expense due primarily to increased costs associated with retaining customers in South Carolina and Kentucky as these states implemented new database requirements.  In tandem with the above-noted effects of the South Carolina and Kentucky database requirements on revenue per store statistics in those states, these higher advertising costs have contributed to a decreased overall contribution margin per store.  Absent aggressive store openings or closures, we expect for costs to continue at current levels while revenues and contribution margin per store are expected to climb modestly as we continue to revise and enhance our underwriting methodology.
 
Internet Micro-Loans Segment
 
    We began our Internet Micro-Loans segment operations in April 2007, when we acquired 95% of the outstanding shares of MEM (or “Month End Money”), a leading provider in the U.K. of Internet-based, short-term, micro-loans, for £11.6 million ($22.9 million) in cash from which we recorded goodwill of £11.0 million ($21.7 million). Under the original MEM purchase agreement, a contingent performance-related earn-out could have been payable to the sellers on achievement of certain earnings measurements for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009. The maximum amount payable under this earn-out was £120.0 million, although none of the earn-out performance conditions was satisfied for 2007 and 2008.  The MEM acquisition agreement was amended in the first quarter of 2009 to remove the sellers’ earn-out rights in exchange for a 22.5% continuing minority ownership interest in MEM.  Furthermore, in March 2010, we acquired noncontrolling interests representing 6% of MEM for £4.3 million ($6.6 million), thereby reducing outstanding noncontrolling interests in MEM from 24% at December 31, 2009 to 18% as of both March 31, 2010 and June 30, 2010.
 
    Using proprietary analytics to market, underwrite and manage loans to consumers in need of short-term financial assistance, MEM loans are made for a period of up to 40 days and are repayable in full on the customer’s next payday.  A typical customer is 22 to 35 years of age, has average net monthly income of £1,300, works in an office or skilled environment and borrows £200. In exchange for this service, we receive a fee, typically equal to 25% of the advance amount.
 
    Internet micro-loans in our U.K. market are predominantly made by directing the customer to the MEM website generally through direct marketing. Once at the website, the customer completes an online application for a loan by providing his or her name, address, employment information, desired loan amount and bank account information.  This information is automatically screened for fraud and other indicators and based on this information an application is immediately approved or declined.  In some cases, additional information may be required from the applicant prior to making a loan decision.  Once a loan is approved, the customer agrees to the terms of the loan and the amount borrowed is directly deposited into a customer’s bank account. At the agreed upon repayment date, the customer’s debit card is automatically charged for the full amount of the loan plus applicable fees. If repayment is not made at the agreed upon repayment date, MEM will continually seek to contact the customer in order to collect the amount due. We will either seek full repayment or by agreement with the customer collect the amount under a repayment schedule of up to six months (depending on the amount due). After 90 days of in-house collection activity, the account will be transferred to a third-party collection agency with an aim of maximizing recovery of the charged-off debt.
 

 
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MEM is subject to U.K. regulations that provide similar consumer protections to those provided under the U.S. regulatory framework. MEM is directly licensed and regulated by the OFT.  MEM is governed by an extensive regulatory framework, including the following:  Consumer Credit Act, Data Protection Act; Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations; Consumer Protection and Unfair Trading regulations; Financial Services (Distance Marketing) Regulations; Enterprise Act; Money Laundering Regulations and ASA adjudications. The aforementioned legislation imposes strict rules on the look and content of consumer contracts, how interest rates are calculated and stated, advertising in all forms, who we can contact and disclosures to consumers, among others. The regulators such as the OFT provide guidance on consumer credit practices including collections.  The regulators are constantly reviewing legislation and guidance in many areas of consumer credit. MEM is involved in discussions with the regulators via trade groups while keeping up to date with any regulatory changes and implementing them where and when required.
 
We have historically funded the growth in MEM through additional capital investments; however, in November 2007, MEM entered into a financing agreement, which allowed it to borrow up to £6.5 million ($10.4 million at December 31, 2009 exchange rates) to finance its operations. This financing arrangement was repaid in full in December 2009.
 
We recently have expanded our MEM Internet micro-loan model to the U.S., although our U.S. operations are start-up and limited in nature and are not yet material to our consolidated results of operations. We intend to continue testing the extension of our U.K. Internet micro-loan platform, underwriting techniques and marketing approaches within the U.S. at a measured pace, and depending upon the results of this testing, we may significantly grow Internet-based micro-loan cash advance lending within the U.S.
 
Our Internet Micro-Loans segment marketed and originated $85.3 million and $163.1 million in micro-loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, which resulted in revenue of $20.8 million and $40.1 million, respectively, during those periods; this compares with $61.9 million and $110.9 million in micro-loans generated during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, which produced revenue of $15.1 million and $26.9 million, respectively, during those periods.
 
Summary financial data (in thousands) for this segment is as follows:
 
   
For the Three Months Ended
 June 30,
   
For the Six Months Ended
 June 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2010
   
2009
 
Total revenues
  $ 20,813     $ 15,104     $ 40,055     $ 26,892  
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
  $ 3,532     $ 4,773     $ 8,492     $ 8,331  
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes
  $     $     $     $  
Period end loans and fees receivable, gross
  $ 38,466     $ 28,045     $ 38,466     $ 28,045  
 
We expect continued growth in our Internet Micro-Loans segment’s revenues and income throughout 2010.

 
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Combined Financial, Operating and Statistical Data for Micro-Loan Businesses
 
Financial, operating and statistical metrics for our continuing combined micro-loan operations are detailed in the following table for the trailing eight quarters. As discussed elsewhere in this information statement, continuing operations in these periods included our Retail Micro-Loans segment’s operations in nine states (Alabama, Colorado, Kentucky, Mississippi, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Wisconsin).
 
   
At or for the Three Months Ended
 
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
Jun. 30
   
Mar. 31
   
Dec. 31
   
Sept. 30
   
Jun. 30
   
Mar. 31
   
Dec. 31
   
Sept. 30
 
Number of customers served—all credit products
    175,491       166,757       165,096       162,891       145,008       130,956       135,709       127,340  
Number of cash advances originated
    469,633       438,542       536,795       500,539       435,369       389,105       431,750       392,654  
Aggregate principal amount of cash advances originated (in thousands)
  $ 188,814     $ 176,245     $ 208,390     $ 191,951     $ 162,642     $ 140,999     $ 155,898     $ 145,385  
Average amount of each cash advance originated
  $ 402     $ 402     $ 388     $ 383     $ 374     $ 362     $ 361     $ 370  
Aggregate Fee Amount (in thousands)
  $ 35,643     $ 33,205     $ 37,858     $ 35,464     $ 29,911     $ 25,554     $ 29,372     $ 29,005  
Average charge to customers for providing and processing a cash advance
  $ 76     $ 76     $ 71     $ 71     $ 69     $ 66     $ 68     $ 74  
Average duration of a cash advance (days)
    24       24       23       22       22       21       21       21  
Number of installment loans originated
    5,053       3,872       6,344       4,911       4,323       3,233       4,123       3,626  
Aggregate principal amount of installment loans originated (in thousands)
  $ 2,857     $ 2,102     $ 3,193     $ 2,093     $ 1,812     $ 1,435     $ 1,846     $ 1,638  
Average principal amount of each installment loan originated
  $ 565     $ 543     $ 503     $ 426     $ 419     $ 444     $ 448     $ 452  
 
The increase in cash advances originated when compared to the same period of the prior year is due to the significant growth experienced in our MEM operations, which increased cash advance originations by 40.5% period over period.  This increase in our MEM originations also helped to increase the average amount of each cash advance originated as our MEM operation generally advance larger loans (measured in U.S. dollars) to its customer base than our Retail Micro-Loans segment does. These MEM operation factors were partially offset, however, by the effects of new Retail Micro-Loans segment underwriting score tables and criteria implemented late in 2008. The implementation of these new underwriting score tables and criteria and their subsequent revisions have helped to reduce our credit losses, along with the desired reduction of cash advance sizes and the elimination of loans to many high-risk customers to whom we would have lent under prior criteria. While not directly relevant in our MEM operations, our Retail Micro-Loans segment will typically originate fewer cash advances during the first quarter of each year than in subsequent periods due to decreased demand for these loan products during tax refund season.  The impact of this can be seen throughout all the above metrics as first quarter data tend to lag behind that experienced in the fourth quarter.  Overall we expect to see continued modest growth within our MEM operations and results associated with our Retail Micro-Loan operations consistent with those experienced in comparable quarters of 2009.

 
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Auto Finance Segment
 
Our Auto Finance segment includes a variety of auto sales and lending activities.
 
Our original platform, CAR, acquired in April 2005, purchases auto loans at a discount and services auto loans for a fee; its customer base includes a nationwide network of pre-qualified auto dealers in the buy-here, pay-here used car business.
 
We also own substantially all of JRAS, a buy-here, pay-here dealer we acquired in 2007. As of December 31, 2008, JRAS had twelve retail lots in four states. However, because the capital requirements to bring JRAS’s sales for its twelve locations to a level necessary to completely cover fixed overhead costs and consistently generate profits at appropriate returns were more than we were willing to undertake given the current liquidity environment, we began a series of lot closures and a reconfiguration of our business model that is still in process today. In the first quarter of 2009, we undertook steps to close four lots in two states, and we closed an additional two lots in two states in the second quarter of 2009 leaving a remaining six lots as of December 31, 2009. We currently do not intend to expand JRAS’s operations, and have suspended operations at all but one of our JRAS lots and have suspended additional purchases of inventory as we continue to evaluate the permanent closure of all but one of our JRAS lots.
 
Lastly, our ACC platform acquired during 2007 historically purchased retail installment contracts from franchised car dealers. We ceased origination efforts within the ACC platform during 2009 and outsourced the collection on its portfolio of auto finance receivables.
 
Collectively, we currently serve 762 dealers through our Auto Finance segment in 38 states and the District of Columbia.
 
Analysis of statistical data
 
Financial, operating and statistical metrics for our Auto Finance segment are detailed (dollars and numbers of accounts in thousands; percentages of total) in the following tables:
 

 
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At or for the Three Months Ended
 
    2010     2009     2008  
   
Jun. 30
   
Mar. 31
   
Dec. 31
   
Sept. 30
   
Jun. 30
   
Mar. 31
   
Dec. 31
   
Sept. 30
 
Period-end managed receivables
  $ 206,435     $ 232,418     $ 262,775     $ 283,640     $ 307,978     $ 327,038     $ 349,212     $ 372,313  
Period-end managed accounts
    38       38       40       41       42       43       45       47  
Percent 30 or more days past due
    10.2 %     11.6 %     24.6 %     19.8 %     19.3 %     18.1 %     21.4 %     19.5 %
Percent 60 or more days past due
    3.9 %     6.6 %     11.1 %     9.0 %     7.8 %     8. 0 %     10.4 %     8.9 %
Percent 90 or more days past due
    1.4 %     4.2 %     6.1 %     4.7 %     3.7 %     4.6 %     5.4 %     4.4 %
 Average managed receivables   $ 220,416     $ 248,315     $ 272,664     $ 296,247     $ 318,961     $ 338,340     $ 361,696     $ 378,178  
Gross yield ratio
    25.2 %     24.1 %     25.6 %     24.9 %     24.1 %     23.7 %     24.8 %     25.2 %
Adjusted charge-off ratio
    18.2 %     17.0 %     20.1 %     14.5 %     14.9 %     12.0 %     11.7 %     9.5 %
Recovery percentage
    4.5 %     2.4 %     1.4 %     1.0 %     1.4 %     1.5 %     1.6 %     1.3 %
Net interest margin
    10.3 %     10.2 %     10.5 %     17.7 %     16.8 %     16.9 %     17.5 %     19.3 %
Other income ratio
    (0.8 )%     (1.6 )%     4.7 %     5.0 %     5.6 %     9.7 %     6.8 %     7.5 %
Operating ratio
    16.1 %     16.6 %     21.0 %     16.2 %     18.3 %     18.5 %     21.4 %     50.2 %
                                                                 
Retail sales
  $ 557     $ 2,556     $ 5,921     $ 9,300     $ 11,322     $ 18,299     $ 15,505     $ 15,930  
Retail units sold (excluding those sold to wholesale lots)
    91       243       564       829       993       1,601       1,312       1,383  
Average stores in operation
    1       2       6       6       7       10       12       12  
Period-end stores in operation
    1       1       6       6       6       8       12       12  
 
Managed receivables.  Period-end managed receivables have gradually declined since September 30, 2008 as we have curtailed purchasing and origination activities. As of June 30, 2010, only CAR and JRAS continue to purchase/originate loans—albeit at significantly reduced levels than those experienced in prior periods.  While we believe that purchases within the CAR platform will offset liquidations of previously existing receivables within that platform, we expect that net liquidations at ACC and JRAS will continue to overshadow the CAR additions for the foreseeable future.
 
Delinquencies.  In late 2009, we ceased origination efforts within the ACC platform and outsourced the collection on its portfolio of auto finance receivables.  As a result of this outsourcing, we saw an increase in charge offs during the first quarter as collection practices were modified and delinquent accounts were charged off.  Additionally, we experienced heightened charge offs within our JRAS operations in the second quarter of 2010, in particular, given modification of our collection practices pursuant to our ongoing efforts to work with JRAS’s lender in connection with its forbearance agreement. As a result, delinquency data has improved throughout the six months ending June 30, 2010 over that seen in prior periods.
 
Throughout 2009, increases in delinquencies were primarily due to generally worsening economic conditions as well as our shutdown of storefront locations associated with our JRAS operations which tended to increase charge offs. Given our Auto Finance segment’s improved underwriting, better use of technology and improved collections, management believes that the relatively modest 2009 degradation in delinquencies is meaningful when contrasted with a substantially weaker economy and significant industry-wide delinquency increases. Although our ACC and JRAS portfolios are liquidating and becoming less significant relative to our better performing CAR portfolios which generally have significantly lower delinquencies and charge offs, we expect to see delinquencies remain relatively constant relative to June 30, 2010 levels given that we do not expect the outsourced

 
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servicer of the ACC portfolio or our JRAS operations to undertake the same level of charge-off account management activities as they collectively undertook during the first two quarters of 2010, which have resulted in lower than typical delinquencies.
 
Gross yield ratio, net interest margin and other income ratio. Notwithstanding the above-noted ACC and JRAS-related delinquency improvements, the effects of higher delinquencies and charge offs have served to depress our net interest margins in recent quarters and are expected to continue to depress our net interest margins for the foreseeable future. Moreover, higher interest costs of an amortizing ACC debt facility into which we entered the fourth quarter of 2009 put significant additional pressure on our net interest margin in that quarter and in subsequent quarters and is expected to continue to adversely impact our net interest margin into the future, but at diminishing levels as we pay off the facility. Also impacting our fourth quarter 2009 net interest margin is the write off of the remaining deferred loan costs associated with a $23.3 million facility within our ACC operations which was repaid during November 2009.  Lastly, as our ACC and JRAS receivables decline in relative significance as a percentage of our total portfolio of auto finance receivables, the higher gross yields and relatively lower cost of funds that we achieve within our CAR operations are expected to result in incrementally higher gross yield ratios and net interest margins in future quarters.
 
The principal component of our other income ratio is the gross income that our JRAS buy-here, pay-here operations have generated from their auto sales. As such, the other income ratio has historically moved in relative tandem with the volume of auto sales. The spike in the other income ratio in the first quarter of 2009 reflects higher seasonal purchases of used cars during the tax refund season. The recent suspension of new inventory purchases and corresponding dramatic decline in sales has caused the significant reduction in our other income ratio in the first quarter of 2010 as we sold off inventory to pay down lines of credit collateralized by our inventory, often below cost, generating overall losses on sales. As we have not resumed the sale of cars at any meaningful levels, this trend continued in the second quarter of 2010.  Absent the resumption of new auto sales at meaningful levels, we expect for our other income ratio to continue to be depressed.
 
Adjusted charge-off ratio and recoveries.  We generally charge off auto receivables when they are between 120 and 180 days past due, unless the collateral is repossessed and sold before that point, in which case we will record a charge off when the proceeds are received. The adjusted charge-off ratio reflects our net charge offs, less credit quality discount accretion with respect to our acquired portfolios. The general trending increase in our adjusted charge-off ratio, therefore, reflects (1) the passage of time since our acquisition of the Patelco portfolio at a significant purchase price discount to the face amount of the acquired receivables, (2) the adverse macro-economic effects being seen throughout the auto finance industry, (3) the adverse effects, particularly in the fourth quarter of 2009 and in subsequent quarters, of the six 2009 JRAS lot closures and the corresponding negative impact this had on collections within our JRAS operations, (4) the initial impact on charge offs as we outsourced collections for our ACC portfolio and collection practices were modified resulting in a wave of increased charge offs in the first quarter, and (5) the initial impact on charge offs of JRAS’s modified collection practices as it works with its lender pursuant to a forbearance agreement with the lender. We believe we are fortunate, however, as our underwriting and pricing efforts have kept our increases in our charge offs lower than throughout the industry generally. As our ACC and JRAS receivables decline in relative significance as a percentage of our total portfolio of auto finance receivables, the lower charge offs that we experience within our CAR operations are expected to result in lower adjusted charge-off ratios in future quarters.
 
Operating ratio. The large increase in the third quarter 2008 operating ratio resulted from the CAR and ACC goodwill impairment charges during that quarter. Excluding goodwill impairment charges, the operating ratio in the third quarter of 2008 would have been 19.4%.  Removing the additional $1.7 million of JRAS goodwill impairment charges during the fourth quarter of 2008 would result in an operating ratio of 19.5%, consistent with the adjusted rate for the third quarter. The operating ratio in the Auto Finance segment generally has declined throughout 2009 and into 2010 primarily due to continued cost-cutting initiatives to better reflect existing portfolio balances primarily within our CAR operations. We do not, however, expect any significant change in our operating ratio for the foreseeable future.

 
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Future Expectations
 
Given our expectation of contractions in our auto finance receivables over the coming quarters, as well as an anticipated mix change toward a greater percentage of our receivables being comprised of CAR receivables for which loan losses are less significant than for our other auto finance segment receivables (i.e., given CAR’s ability to put loans back to its dealers), we expect both absolute reductions in our allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable and reductions in the percentage of our allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable to total loans and fees receivable for the remainder of 2010. This expectation, however, is highly dependent upon an assumption that economic conditions do not worsen in 2010 in the geographic areas in which our customers reside. Despite the improved pricing power that we now possess within CAR as a result of the reduction in lending by our auto finance competitors, which allows us to price all new acquisitions for higher risks of defaults, we could experience further erosion in our delinquencies and higher charge offs against earnings. Additionally, given our decision to close six of JRAS’s sites in 2009 and our suspension of new inventory purchases, we expect unit sales to continue to be below levels seen in similar periods for the prior year.  Considering these factors and the high costs of our borrowings within ACC, we expect our Auto Finance segment to experience further GAAP losses in 2010. But for losses incurred within ACC and JRAS, we would have experienced GAAP profits in 2009 and would expect further profits in 2010.
 
Our CAR operations are performing well in the current environment (achieving consistent profitability, even with modest growth), and are expected to continue doing so for the foreseeable future. Additionally, our ACC operations, while liquidating, were profitable in the second quarter of 2010. Accordingly, as we move forward into future quarters, our JRAS losses are keeping our Auto Finance segment from achieving profitability; we note, however, that our risk of JRAS losses is isolated to its operations and subsidiaries, all of which could be shut down, if desired, with the risk to our consolidated total equity position as quantified in Note 10, “Convertible Senior Notes and Notes Payable,” to our condensed consolidated financial statements. Should we make any such decision in the future, after the initial effects of that decision on our consolidated total equity position, our Auto Finance segment would generate profits and free cash flows for use within all of our consolidated operations.
 
Liquidity, Funding and Capital Resources
 
We continue to see dislocation in the availability of liquidity as a result of the market disruptions that began in 2007.  This ongoing disruption has resulted in a decline in liquidity available to sub-prime market participants, including us, a widening of the spreads above the underlying interest indices (typically LIBOR for our borrowings) for the loans that lenders are willing to make, and a decrease in advance rates for those loans.
 
Although we are hopeful that the liquidity markets ultimately will return to more traditional levels, we are not able to predict when or if that will occur, and we are managing our business with the assumption that the liquidity markets will not return to more traditional levels in the near term. Specifically, we have curtailed or limited growth in many parts of our business and have now closed substantially all of our credit card accounts (other than those associated with our Investment in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s balance transfer program). To the extent possible given constraints thus far on our ability to reduce expenses at the same rate as our managed receivables are liquidating, we are managing our receivables portfolios with a goal of generating the necessary cash flows over the coming quarters for us to use in de-leveraging our business, while maintaining shareholder value to the greatest extent possible.
 
All of our Credit Card segment’s securitization facilities (as well as those of our Credit Card segment’s equity method investees) are expected to amortize down with collections on the receivables within their underlying securitization trusts with no bullet repayment requirements or refinancing risks to us. Additionally, our most significant Auto Finance segment facility is that which is secured by our ACC operation’s auto finance receivables; as of June 30, 2010, $77.9 million remained outstanding on this amortizing debt facility, the terms of which do not require any accelerated or bullet repayment obligation by or refinancing risks to us. As such, our only significant remaining asset-backed debt facilities that carry bullet repayment or refinancing risks are a $15.0 million debt facility secured by our JRAS subsidiaries’ auto finance receivables and a $50.0 million revolving debt facility (against which $34.0 million was drawn and outstanding at June 30, 2010) secured by our CAR operations’ auto finance receivables. Although the JRAS facility matured as scheduled in January 2010, we entered into a forbearance agreement effective through September 2010 with the lender under which we essentially operate as

 
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though the facility had not matured while we work to collect a gradually liquidating portfolio of JRAS receivables.  Our maximum exposure as a result of the JRAS facility expiration is $6.7 million of our consolidated total equity at June 30, 2010 that is represented by our net investment in JRAS auto receivables, and while we believe that the forbearance agreement will be extended, this result is not assured, and if the lender decides to subject this loan to immediate repayment in September 2010, we would be required to repay the outstanding loan balance in full or could be forced to surrender the loan and fee receivables serving as collateral for the loan. The $50.0 million CAR facility does not require any repayments until a 6-month amortization requirement begins in June 2011. Lastly, we note that we do not have any significant asset-based debt facilities within our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment and that we have no outstanding debt facilities within our Retail Micro-Loans and Internet Micro-Loans segments.
 
As noted above, our risks of required bullet pay-off of asset-backed debt facilities or of having to refinance such facilities has substantially diminished over the last several quarters.  Our continuing challenge within our Credit Cards segment, however, will be to reduce our overhead cost infrastructure to match our incoming servicing compensation cash flows under our amortizing credit card structured financing facilities. Furthermore, the values of our credit card receivables could prove insufficient to provide for any residual value that ultimately would be payable to us. In such a case, we could experience further impairments to the recorded value of our credit card receivables, and such impairments could be material to our operating results and financial position, although we note that the recorded value has been substantially written down already leaving significantly less opportunity for write-downs in the future.
 
Our current focus on liquidity has resulted in and will continue to result in short and long-term growth and profitability trade-offs. For example, as noted throughout this report, we have closed substantially all of our credit card accounts (other than those underlying our Investment in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment’s balance transfer program); consequently, each of our managed credit card receivables portfolios is expected to show fairly rapid net liquidations in balances for the foreseeable future. Similarly, the lack of available growth financing for our Auto Finance segment has caused us to limit capital deployment to this business, which will cause contraction in its receivables and revenues over the coming months.
 
At June 30, 2010, we had $68.3 million in unrestricted cash. Because the characteristics of our assets and liabilities change, liquidity management is a dynamic process affected by the pricing and maturity of our assets and liabilities. We finance our business through cash flows from operations, asset-backed securitizations and the issuance of debt and equity. Details concerning our cash flows follow:
 
·  
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, we generated $232.0 million in cash flows from operations, compared to $177.6 million of cash flows from operations generated during the same period of 2009. The increase principally reflects (1) significant net tax refunds during the six months ended June 30 2010 as contrasted with a small level of net tax payments during the six months ended June 30, 2009, (2) increased finance and fee collections associated with our growing MEM operations and (3) the net liquidation of receivables associated with our JRAS operations. These increases were significantly offset by lower collections of credit card finance charge receivables in the six months ended June 30, 2010 relative to the same period in 2009 given diminished receivables levels.
 
·  
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, we generated $35.7 million of cash through our investing activities, compared to our use of $124.7 million of cash in investing activities during the same period of 2009. But for our investment of $75.0 million in marketable securities during the six months ended June 30, 2010, we would have generated $110.7 million in cash from investing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2010. This change from the six months ended June 30, 2009 reflects the account closure actions taken in 2008 and 2009, whereby we are no longer funding (or investing in) cardholder purchases within our Credit Cards segment like we were in earlier periods. Consistent with the current net liquidating status of our credit card and auto finance receivables, we expect future increases in net cash provided by investing activities over the next few quarters.

 
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·  
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, we used $383.3 million of cash in financing activities, compared to our use of $43.7 million of cash in financing activities in the same period of 2009. The significant 2010 increase results in part from the inclusion within our 2010 financing activities of debt facilities that were off-balance-sheet debt facilities in 2009 prior to accounting rules changes requiring the consolidation of such debt facilities onto our condensed consolidated balance sheet effective January 1, 2010. In both six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the data reflect net repayments of debt facilities corresponding with net declines in our loans and fees receivable that serve as the underlying collateral for the facilities (principally credit card and auto loans and fees receivable in 2010 and principally auto loans and fees receivable in 2009).  Also significantly increasing our cash used in financing activities in the six months ended June 30, 2010 were our repurchases of:  $54.5 million in face amount of our 3.625% notes and $15.6 million in face amount of our 5.875% notes for $30.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively; 6% of the outstanding noncontrolling interests of MEM for £4.3 million ($6.6 million); and 12.2 million shares of our common stock for an aggregate cost of $85.3 million pursuant to the May 2010 closing of a tender offer for such shares.
 
We had no material unused draw capacity under our debt facilities as of June 30, 2010. As such, our $68.3 million of unrestricted cash on our condensed consolidated balance sheet (together with $75.1 million in liquid marketable securities that we hold) represents our maximum available liquidity at June 30, 2010. We continue to pursue a number of new financing facilities and liquidity sources. If such financing facilities and liquidity sources are ultimately available to us at attractive pricing and terms, they could support investment opportunities to include repurchases of our convertible senior securities and stock, portfolio acquisitions, and marketing and originations within our various businesses. However, the liquidity environment worsened in 2009 and continues to be particularly challenging in general and more specifically for sub-prime asset classes such as ours. Moreover, the $68.3 million in aggregate June 30, 2010 unrestricted cash mentioned herein is represented by summing up all unrestricted cash from among all of our business segments, and the liquidity available to any one of our business segments is appreciably below the $68.3 million in unrestricted cash balance.
 
The most recent global financial crisis differs in key respects from our experiences during other down economic and financing cycles. First, while we had difficulty obtaining asset-backed financing for our originated portfolio activities at attractive advance rates in the last down cycle, the credit spreads (above base pricing indices like LIBOR) at that time were not as wide (expensive) as those seen during the recent crisis. Additionally, while we were successful during that down cycle in obtaining asset-backed financing for portfolio acquisitions at attractive advance rates, pricing and other terms, that financing has not been available from traditional market participants since the advent of the most recent crisis. Last and most significant is the adverse impact that the most recent global liquidity crisis has had on the U.S. and worldwide economies (including real estate and other asset values and the labor markets). Unemployment is significantly higher than during 2001 through 2003 and is forecasted by many economists not to decline in any meaningful way for several more quarters. Lower assets values and higher rates of job loss and levels of unemployment have translated into reduced payment rates within the credit card industry generally and for us specifically.
 

 
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Beyond our immediate financing efforts discussed throughout this Report, shareholders should expect us to evaluate debt and equity issuances as a means to fund our investment opportunities. We expect to take advantage of any opportunities to raise additional capital if terms and pricing are attractive to us. Any proceeds raised under these efforts could be used to fund (1) potential portfolio acquisitions, which may represent attractive opportunities for us in the current liquidity environment, (2) further repurchases of our convertible senior notes and common stock, (3) shareholder distributions such as the proposed spin-off of our micro-loan businesses or further dividends similar to the one on December 31, 2009, both of which are described in more detail elsewhere in this Report, and (4) investments in certain non-financial assets or businesses. As of the date of this Report, and pursuant to a decision by our Board of Directors on August 5, 2010, we are authorized to repurchase 10,000,000 common shares under our share repurchase program, and this authorization extends through June 30, 2012.
 
Lastly, we note that beyond the two Auto Finance segment facilities that present refunding or refinancing risks to us as discussed above, the only remaining material refunding or refinancing risk to us does not arise until May 2012, at which time we have an obligation to satisfy, at the option of note holders, potential conversions of our 3.625% convertible senior notes issued in May 2005, of which $176.0 million in face amount were outstanding at June 30, 2010. In addition to any cash or other assets that we have on hand at such time to satisfy these potential conversions, we ultimately may rely on debt or equity issuance or possible exchange offerings, none of which are assured, to satisfy them. Moreover, as we noted previously, we continue to evaluate repurchases of this particular series of our convertible senior notes and our 5.875% convertible senior notes due in 2035 at prices that generate acceptable returns for our shareholders relative to alternative uses of our capital. As an example, pursuant to both negotiated transactions and the terms of two tender offers for the repurchase of one or both series of our convertible senior notes completed in March and May 2010, we repurchased an aggregate of $54.5 million in face amount of our 3.625% notes and $15.6 million in face amount of our 5.875% notes for $30.8 million and $5.7 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2010, both such aggregate purchase price amounts being inclusive of transactions costs and accrued interest through the dates of our repurchases of the notes.
 
Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements
 
See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.

Commitments and Contingencies
 
We also have certain contractual arrangements that would require us to make payments or provide funding if certain circumstances occur (“contingent commitments”). We do not currently expect that these contingent commitments will result in any material amounts being paid by us. See Note 11, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for further discussion of these matters.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
See Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies and Condensed Consolidated Financial Statement Components,” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.
 
Critical Accounting Estimates
 
We have prepared our financial statements in accordance with GAAP. These principles are numerous and complex. We have summarized our significant accounting policies in the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements. In many instances, the application of GAAP requires management to make estimates or to apply subjective principles to particular facts and circumstances. A variance in the estimates used or a variance in the application or interpretation of GAAP could yield a materially different accounting result. It is impracticable for us to summarize every accounting principle that requires us to use judgment or estimates in our application. Nevertheless, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, we discuss the five areas (valuation of retained interests, investments in previously charged-off receivables, non-consolidation of qualifying special purpose entities, allowance for uncollectible loans and fees, and goodwill and identifiable intangible assets and impairment analyses) for which we believe that the estimations, judgments or interpretations that we have made, if different, would have yielded the most significant differences in our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2009. Of these areas, the valuation of retained interests and non-consolidation of qualifying special

 
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purpose entities are the only areas that are no longer applicable in our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010; because of accounting rules changes requiring the consolidation of our formerly off-balance-sheet securitization trusts effective January 1, 2010, we no longer carry retained interests in securitization trusts as an asset on our condensed consolidated balance sheet, but instead carry the trusts’ cash balances, credit card receivables and underlying structured financing notes directly within our condensed consolidated balance sheet. For the remaining areas (investments in previously charged-off receivables, allowance for uncollectible loans and fees, and goodwill and identifiable intangible assets and impairment analyses), we urge readers to review our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
 
With the consolidation of our formerly off-balance-sheet securitization trusts effective January 1, 2010, we would add fair value measurements for the credit card receivables and structured financing notes within our formerly off-balance-sheet securitization trusts as a new critical accounting estimate area. Certain estimates, such as credit losses, payment rates, servicing costs, costs of funds, discount rates and the yields earned on credit card receivables significantly affect the reported amount of two categories of credit card receivables and our notes payable associated with structured financings, all of which we report at fair value on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2010; these same estimates likewise affect our changes in fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value and changes in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value categories within our fees and related income on earning assets line item on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010. We urge readers to review Note 9 “Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities” to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report for further discussion of our fair value measurements.
 
Related Party Transactions
 
As part of our May 2010 tender offer we purchased the following shares from our executive officers and members of our Board of Directors:
   
Number of Shares
   
Total Price
 
Executive Officers
           
David G. Hanna, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board
    4,074,427     $ 28,520,989  
Richard R. House, Jr., President and Director
    124,929     $ 874,503  
Richard W. Gilbert, Chief Operating Officer and Vice Chairman of the Board
    475,845     $ 3,330,915  
J. Paul Whitehead, III, Chief Financial Officer
    18,400     $ 128,800  
Board Members
               
Frank J. Hanna, III
    4,074,427     $ 28,520,989  
Deal W. Hudson
    5,394     $ 37,758  
Mack F. Mattingly
    12,581     $ 88,067  
Thomas G. Rosencrants
    15,650     $ 109,550  
 
 
During 2008, two of our executive officers and a member of our Board of Directors separately purchased an aggregate $3.4 million (face amount) of our outstanding convertible senior notes.  The purchases were made at prevailing market prices from unrelated third parties.  In 2009 we repurchased $1.0 million and $2.0 million in face amount of the 3.625% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2025 and the 5.875% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2035, respectively, from Krishnakumar Srinivasan (former President of our Credit Cards segment). The purchase price of the notes totaled $1.0 million (including accrued interest) and resulted in an aggregate gain to us of $2.0 million (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs, which were written off in connection with the purchases).  In 2010, as part of our tender offer to repurchase both series of our convertible senior notes, we repurchased an additional $215,000 in face amount of the 3.625% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2025 from JPaul Whitehead, III (our Chief Financial Officer).  The purchase price of the notes totaled $108,000 (including accrued interest) and resulted in an aggregate gain to us of $82,000 (net of the notes’ applicable share of deferred costs, which were written off in connection with the purchase).
 
Under a shareholders’ agreement into which we entered with David G. Hanna, Frank J. Hanna, III, Richard R. House, Jr. (our President), Richard W. Gilbert (our Chief Operating Officer and Vice Chairman) and certain trusts that were or are affiliates of the Hanna’s following our initial public offering (1) if one or more of the shareholders accepts a bona fide offer from a third party to purchase more than 50% of the outstanding common stock, each of the other shareholders that are a party to the agreement may elect to sell their shares to the purchaser on the same terms and conditions, and (2) if shareholders that are a party to the agreement owning more than 50% of the common stock propose to transfer all of their shares to a third party, then such transferring shareholders may require the other shareholders that are a party to the agreement to sell all of the shares owned by them to the proposed transferee on the same terms and conditions.
 
 In June 2007, we entered into a sublease for 1,000 square feet of excess office space at our new Atlanta headquarters office location, to HBR Capital, Ltd., a corporation co-owned by David G. Hanna and Frank J. Hanna, III. The sublease rate of $22.89 per square foot is the same as the rate that we pay on the prime lease. This sublease expires in May of 2022.
 
In June, 2007, a partnership formed by Richard W. Gilbert (our Chief Operating Officer and Vice Chairman of our Board of Directors), Richard R. House, Jr. (our President and a member of our Board of Directors), J. Paul Whitehead III (our Chief Financial Officer), Krishnakumar Srinivasan (former President of our Credit Cards segment), and other individual investors (including an unrelated third-party individual investor), acquired £4.7 million ($9.2 million) of class “B” notes originally issued to another investor out of our U.K. Portfolio securitization trust.

 
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This acquisition price of the notes was the same price at which the original investor had sold $60 million of notes to another unrelated third party. As of June 30, 2010, the outstanding balance of the notes held by the partnership was £1.1 million ($1.6 million). The notes held by the partnership comprise 0.8% of the $193.5 million in total notes within the trust on that date and are subordinate to the senior tranches within the trust. The “B” tranche bears interest at LIBOR plus 9%.
 
In December 2006, we established a contractual relationship with Urban Trust Bank, a federally chartered savings bank (“Urban Trust”), pursuant to which we purchase credit card receivables underlying specified Urban Trust credit card accounts. Under this arrangement, in general Urban Trust was entitled to receive 5% of all payments received from cardholders and was obligated to pay 5% of all net costs incurred by us in connection with managing the program, including the costs of purchasing, marketing, servicing and collecting the receivables. In April 2009, however, we amended our contractual relationship with Urban Trust such that, in exchange for a payment by us of $300,000, Urban Trust would sell back its ownership interest in the economics underlying cards issued through Urban Trust Bank. The purchase of this interest resulted in a net gain of $1.1 million which we recorded in our second quarter 2009 results of operations.  Frank J. Hanna, Jr., owns a substantial noncontrolling interest in Urban Trust and serves on its Board of Directors. In December 2006, we deposited $0.3 million with Urban Trust to cover purchases by Urban Trust cardholders.  As of June 30, 2010, our deposit with Urban Trust decreased to only $11,200, corresponding to account closures and reduced credit lines impacting Urban Trust cardholders.
 
Forward-Looking Information
 
We make forward-looking statements throughout this Report, including statements with respect to our expected revenue, income, receivables, income ratios, net interest margins, marketing-based volatility and peak charge-off vintages, acquisitions and other growth opportunities, divestitures and discontinuations of businesses, location openings and closings, loss exposure and loss provisions, delinquency and charge-off rates, impacts of account actions including account closures and modifications, changes in collection programs and practices, changes in the credit quality of our loans and fees receivable, changes in fair value of loans and fees receivable recorded at fair value, changes in fair value of notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value, the impact of actions by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), the Federal Trade Commission (the “FTC”) and other regulators on us, growth, the performance of investments that we have made, operating expenses, marketing plans and expenses, the profitability of our Auto Finance segment, expansion and growth of our Investments in Previously Charged-Off Receivables segment, growth and performance of receivables originated over the Internet or television, our plans in the U.K., the impact of our U.K. portfolio of credit card receivables on our financial performance, sufficiency of available liquidity, the prospect for improvements in the liquidity markets, future interest costs, sources of funding operations and acquisitions, the profitability of our Retail Micro-Loans segment, our entry into international markets, our ability to raise funds or renew financing facilities, our income in equity-method investees, our servicing income levels, gains and losses from investments in securities, experimentation with new products and other statements of our plans, beliefs or expectations are forward-looking statements. These and other statements using words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “target,” “can,” “could,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions also are forward-looking statements.  Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of the particular statement.
 
You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements we make are not guarantees of future performance and we have based these statements on our assumptions and analyses in light of our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors we believe are appropriate in the circumstances.  Forward-looking statements by their nature involve substantial risks and uncertainties that could significantly affect expected results, and actual future results could differ materially from those described in such statements. Management cautions against putting undue reliance on forward-looking statements or projecting any future results based on such statements or present or prior earnings levels.
 
We expressly disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
 

 
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QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
As a “smaller reporting company,” as defined by Item 10 of Regulation S-K, we are not required to provide this information.
 
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
 
(a) Disclosure controls and procedures.
 
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at meeting their objectives.
 
 
(b) Internal control over financial reporting.
 
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
 
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
We are involved in various legal proceedings that are incidental to the conduct of our business. The most significant of these are described in Note 11, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part I Item 1 of this Report.
 
 
RISK FACTORS
 
An investment in our common stock or other securities involves a number of risks. You should carefully consider each of the risks described below before deciding to invest in our common stock. If any of the following risks develops into actual events, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be negatively affected, the market price of our common stock or other securities could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment.
 
Investors should be particularly cautious regarding investments in our common stock or other securities at the present time in light of the current economic circumstances.  We are predominately a sub-prime lender, and our customers have been adversely impacted by the loss of jobs and the overall decline in the economy.  Moreover, we have no meaningful access to liquidity.
 
Our Cash Flows and Net Income Are Dependent Upon Payments from Our Loans and Fees Receivable and Other Credit Products
 
The collectibility of our loans and fees receivable is a function of many factors including the criteria used to select who is issued credit, the pricing of the credit products, the lengths of the relationships, general economic conditions, the rate at which customers repay their accounts or become delinquent, and the rate at which customers use their cards or otherwise borrow funds from us.  Deterioration in these factors, which we recently have experienced, adversely impacts our business.  In addition, to the extent we have over-estimated collectibility, in all likelihood we have over-estimated our financial performance. Some of these concerns are discussed more fully below.
 
We may not successfully evaluate the creditworthiness of our customers and may not price our credit products so as to remain profitable. The creditworthiness of our target market generally is considered “sub-prime” based on guidance issued by the agencies that regulate the banking industry. Thus, our customers generally have a higher frequency of delinquencies, higher risks of nonpayment and, ultimately, higher credit losses than consumers who are served by more traditional providers of consumer credit. Some of the consumers included in our target market are consumers who are dependent upon finance companies, consumers with only retail store credit cards and/or lacking general purpose credit cards, consumers who are establishing or expanding their credit, and consumers who may have had a delinquency, a default or, in some instances, a bankruptcy in their credit histories, but who, in our view, have demonstrated recovery. We price our credit products taking into account the perceived risk level of our customers. If our estimates are incorrect, customer default rates will be higher, we will receive less cash from the receivables and the value of our loans and fees receivable will decline, all of which will have a negative impact on performance. Payment rates by our customers have declined recently and, correspondingly, default rates have increased.  It is unclear how long these changes will last and whether, for instance, the federal government’s economic stimulus programs will partially or fully offset them.
 
Economic slowdowns increase our credit losses. During periods of economic slowdown or recession, we experience an increase in rates of delinquencies and frequency and severity of credit losses. Our actual rates of delinquencies and frequency and severity of credit losses may be comparatively higher during periods of economic slowdown or recession than those experienced by more traditional providers of consumer credit because of our focus on the financially underserved consumer market, which may be disproportionately impacted. Other economic and social factors, including, among other things, changes in consumer confidence levels, the public’s perception of the use of credit and changing attitudes about incurring debt, and the stigma of personal bankruptcy, also can impact credit use and account performance. Moreover, adverse changes in economic conditions in states where customers are located, including as a result of severe weather, can have a direct impact on the timing and amount of payments of receivables. Recent trends in the U.S. economy indicate a period characterized by months of economic downturn or recession followed by modest, if any, meaningful recovery,

 
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and we have seen reduced payments and an increase in default rates over the past several months.  If this trend continues, it will more significantly, and more negatively, impact our business.
 
We are subject to foreign economic and exchange risks. Because of our MEM and other investments in the U.K., we have exposure to fluctuations in the U.K. economy, recent fluctuations in which have been significantly negative. We also have exposure to fluctuations in the relative values of the U.S. dollar and the British pound. Because the British pound has experienced a net decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar since we made the most significant of our investments in the U.K., we have experienced significant transaction and translation losses within our financial statements.
 
Because a significant portion of our reported income is based on management’s estimates of the future performance of our loans and fees receivable, differences between actual and expected performance of the receivables may cause fluctuations in net income. Significant portions of our reported income (or losses) are based on management’s estimates of cash flows we expect to receive on our loans and fees receivable, particularly for such assets that we report based at fair value. The expected cash flows are based on management’s estimates of interest rates, default rates, payment rates, cardholder purchases, servicing costs, and discount rates. These estimates are based on a variety of factors, many of which are not within our control. Substantial differences between actual and expected performance of the receivables will occur and cause fluctuations in our net income. For instance, higher than expected rates of delinquency and loss could cause our net income to be lower than expected. Similarly, as we have experienced for our credit card receivables portfolios with respect to financing agreements secured by our loans and fees receivable, levels of loss and delinquency can result in our being required to repay our lenders earlier than expected, thereby reducing funds available to us for future growth. Because all of our credit card receivables structured financing facilities are now in amortization status—which for us generally means that the only meaningful cash flows that we are receiving with respect the credit card receivables that are encumbered by such structured financing facilities are those associated with our contractually specified fee for servicing the receivables—recent payment and default trends have substantially reduced the cash flow that we receive from these receivables.
 
Our portfolio of receivables is not diversified and originates from customers whose creditworthiness is considered sub-prime. Historically, we have obtained receivables in one of two ways—we have either solicited for the origination of the receivables or purchased pools of receivables from other issuers. In either case, substantially all of our receivables are from financially underserved borrowers—borrowers represented by credit risks that regulators classify as “sub-prime.” Our reliance on sub-prime receivables has negatively impacted and may in the future negatively impact, our performance. Our various past and current losses might have been mitigated had our portfolios consisted of higher-grade receivables in addition to our sub-prime receivables. We have no immediate plans to issue or acquire significant higher-grade receivables.
 
Seasonal factors may result in fluctuations in our net income. Our quarterly income may fluctuate substantially as a result of seasonal consumer spending. In particular, our customers may borrow or charge more and carry higher balances during the year-end holiday season and during the late summer vacation and back-to-school period, resulting in corresponding increases in the receivables.
 
The timing and volume of originations with respect to our lower-tier credit card offerings causes significant fluctuations in quarterly income. During periods, unlike the current period, in which we market lower-tier credit card accounts, fluctuations in the timing or the volume of our originations of receivables cause fluctuations in our quarterly income. Factors that affect the timing or volume include marketing efforts, the general economy and the other factors discussed in this section. For example, given the significant and variable growth rates that we have experienced in the past for our lower-tier credit card offerings and given the appreciably shorter vintage life cycles for these offerings relative to our more traditional credit card offerings, we experienced, and in the future may experience, significant volatility of quarterly earnings from these offerings based on the varying levels of marketing and receivables origination in the quarters preceding peak vintage charge-off periods. Our lower-tier credit card receivables tend to follow similar patterns of delinquency and write off, with the peak period of write offs occurring approximately eight to nine months following account origination. During periods of sustained growth, the negative impact of these peak periods generally is offset by the impact of new receivables.

 
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During periods of no or more limited growth, it is not. We substantially reduced our credit card marketing efforts beginning in August 2007 and more recently have stopped issuing new cards, thereby eliminating our growth. This followed a period of substantial marketing efforts and growth. One impact of this was an increase in write offs during the first, second and third quarters of 2008 that were not offset by growth.  In addition, commencing early in the fourth quarter of 2008, like others in our industry, we reduced credit lines and closed accounts in order to ensure that we had the capacity to fund new purchases on the remaining accounts and to reduce our risk exposure, and in 2009, we continued account closures so that substantially all of our credit card accounts are now closed to cardholder purchases. This has resulted, and is likely to continue to result, in an overall decline in the amount of outstanding receivables.
 
Increases in interest rates will increase our cost of funds and may reduce the payment performance of our customers. Increases in interest rates will increase our cost of funds, which could significantly affect our results of operations and financial condition. We recently have experienced higher interest rates. Our credit card accounts have variable interest rates. Significant increases in these variable interest rates may reduce the payment performance of our customers.
 
Due to the lack of historical experience with Internet customers, we may not be able to target successfully these customers or evaluate their creditworthiness. There is less historical experience with respect to the credit risk and performance of customers acquired over the Internet. As a result, we may not be able to target and evaluate successfully the creditworthiness of these potential customers should we engage in marketing efforts to acquire these customers. Therefore, we may encounter difficulties managing the expected delinquencies and losses and appropriately pricing our products.
 
We Are Substantially Dependent Upon Borrowed Funds to Fund the Receivables That We Originate or Purchase
 
All of our financing facilities are of finite duration (and ultimately will need to be extended or replaced) and contain financial covenants and other conditions that must be fulfilled in order for funding to be available. Moreover, most of these facilities currently are in amortization stages (and are not allowing for the funding of any new loans), either based on their original terms or because we have not met financial or asset performance-related covenants.  If future advance rates (i.e., the percentage on a dollar of receivables that lenders will lend us) for financing facilities remain depressed or are reduced, financing facilities lenders require currently high or even greater rates of return, or financing arrangements otherwise continue to be unavailable to us on acceptable terms, we will not be able to maintain or grow our base of receivables. In addition, because of advance rate limitations, we must fund our subordinated, unfinanced interests in our loans and fees receivable through profitable operations, equity raised from third parties or funds borrowed elsewhere. The cost and availability of equity and borrowed funds is dependent upon our financial performance, the performance of our industry generally and general economic and market conditions, and at times equity and borrowed funds have been both expensive and difficult to obtain. Most recently, funding for sub-prime lending has been largely unavailable. Some of these concerns are discussed more fully below.
 
 As our financing facilities mature or experience early amortization events, the proceeds from the underlying receivables will not be available to us for reinvestment or other purposes. Absent early amortization events, repayment for our financing facilities typically has begun approximately one year prior to their maturity dates. Once repayment begins and until the facility is paid, payments from customers on the underlying receivables are accumulated to repay the lenders and no longer are reinvested in new receivables. When a financing facility matures, the underlying trust continues to own the receivables, and the maturing facility retains its priority in payments on the underlying receivables until it is repaid in full. As a result, new purchases need to be funded using debt, equity or a replacement facility subordinate to the maturing facility’s interest in the underlying receivables. If we are obligated to repay a securitization facility and we also are unable to obtain alternative sources of liquidity, such as debt, equity or new financing facilities that are structurally subordinate to the facility being repaid, we generally are forced to prohibit new purchases in some or all of our accounts in order to reduce our need for any additional cash.  Such is our situation currently, and in response to this situation, we have closed substantially all of our credit card accounts to new purchases.

 
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The documents governing our financing facilities provide that, upon the occurrence of certain adverse events known as “early redemption events,” and sometimes called “early amortization events,” lenders can accelerate payments. Early redemption events include portfolio performance triggers, the termination of certain of our affinity agreements with third-party financial institutions to originate credit cards, breach of certain representations, warranties and covenants, insolvency or receivership, and servicer defaults, and may include the occurrence of an early redemption event with respect to another securitization transaction. Our upper-tier originated portfolio master trust variable funding facility also provides for the triggering of an early redemption event based on a total consolidated equity test, a maximum permitted reduction in quarterly total consolidated equity levels test, a change of control in CompuCredit or other corporate finance events. Early redemption events have occurred for several of our financing facilities, and as a result, principal payments are being made to lenders to reduce their notes. Until such time, if any, that these lenders are repaid in full, we will receive no further funds from the receivables other than the servicing fees provided for in the documents governing the financing arrangements. These servicing fees are significantly less than the cash flows that we recently have received as the holders of subordinated interests in our financed loans and fees receivable. Because lender repayment periods under our amortizing facilities may last several years, our liquidity will be negatively impacted, our financial results will suffer and we may need to (although we currently do not anticipate needing to) obtain alternative sources of funding, which under current market conditions is very difficult for us to do.
 
We may be unable to obtain capital from third parties needed to fund our existing loans and fees receivable, lenders under our debt facilities may be unable or unwilling to meet their contractual commitments to provide us funding, or we may be forced to rely on more expensive funding sources than those that we have today. We need equity or debt capital to fund any portion of our loans and fees receivable against which lenders are unable or unwilling to advance or lend to us. Investors should be aware of our dependence on third parties for funding and our exposure to increases in costs for that funding. External factors, including the general economy, impact our ability to obtain funds. These factors have been significant enough in the recent past that we have not been able to raise cash by issuing additional debt or equity or by selling a portion of our subordinated loans and fees receivable interests at acceptable pricing. As a result, like all participants in the sub-prime market place, we continue to operate under significant liquidity constraints, which may worsen and could require us to sell assets at less than favorable prices.
 
The performance of our competitors impacts the costs of our financing facilities. Generally speaking, lenders against our receivables also lend against our competitors’ receivables. When these lenders evaluate their lending arrangements, they typically do so based on overall industry performance. Thus, independent of our own performance, when our competitors perform poorly, we typically experience negative lender sentiment, and the lenders against our receivables require greater returns, particularly with respect to subordinated interests in our receivables. Largely because of difficulties in the sub-prime mortgage market, lenders have been substantially more reluctant, if even willing, to lend and those that have been willing to lend have sought greater returns.
 
Rating agencies have been aggressively reducing ratings across broad segments of the consumer finance sector, and ratings on structured financing facilities underlying pools we service have been downgraded.  Rating agency actions have impacted the structured financing industry and are likely to impact our future ability to issue new debt.
 
Although due to conditions in the broader economic market, there currently are no structured financing opportunities for us, should these opportunities return in the future, we expect lenders to require higher returns. As a result, when we finance our loans and fees receivable at that time, the total returns to lenders may be greater than the discount rates we are using to report our loans and fees receivable at fair value and the notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value in our consolidated financial statements. All other things being equal, higher market rates, and hence higher discount rates used to value our loans and fees receivable at fair value and the notes payable associated with structured financings recorded at fair value would have the effect of lowering our determined fair value of loans and fees receivable (which would result in losses to us) and lowering our determined fair value of the structured financing notes (which would result in income for us). Conversely, all other things being equal, if we finance our loans and fees receivable at total lender returns that are less than our current discount rates, we would increase the reported fair value of our loans and fees receivable and increase the reported fair value of the notes payable underlying such receivables.

 
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Our growth is dependent on our ability to add new financing facilities. We finance our receivables through financing facilities. Beginning in 2007, largely as a result of difficulties in the sub-prime mortgage market, new financing generally has been unavailable to sub-prime lenders, and the financing that has been available has been on significantly less favorable terms. As a result, beginning in the third quarter of 2007, we significantly curtailed our marketing for new credit cards and currently are not issuing a significant number of new cards. Moreover, commencing in October 2008 we reduced credit lines and closed a significant number of accounts in response to the unavailability of financing and to reduce our risk exposure. These activities continued into 2009 and, as a result, substantially all of our credit cards are now closed to cardholder purchases. If additional financing facilities are not available in the future on terms we consider acceptable, we will not be able to grow our business and it will continue to contract in size.
 
Our Financial Performance Is, in Part, a Function of the Aggregate Amount of Receivables That Are Outstanding
 
The aggregate amount of outstanding receivables is a function of many factors including purchase rates, payment rates, interest rates, seasonality, general economic conditions, competition from other credit card issuers and other sources of consumer financing, access to funding, the timing and extent of our marketing efforts and the success of our marketing efforts.
 
Our business currently is contracting. Growth is a product of a combination of factors, many of which are not in our control. Factors include:
 
 
the level of our marketing efforts;
 
 
the success of our marketing efforts;
 
 
the degree to which we lose business to competitors;
 
 
the level of usage of our credit products by our customers;
 
 
the availability of portfolios for purchase on attractive terms;
 
 
levels of delinquencies and charge offs;
 
 
the availability of funding on favorable terms;
 
 
the level of costs of soliciting new customers;
 
 
our ability to employ and train new personnel;
 
 
our ability to maintain adequate management systems, collection procedures, internal controls and automated systems; and
 
 
general economic and other factors beyond our control.
 
We substantially eliminated our marketing efforts and have aggressively reduced credit lines and closed accounts. In addition, the general economy has been experiencing a significant downturn, which has significantly impacted not just the level of usage of our credit products by our customers but also levels of payments and delinquencies and other performance metrics. As a result, our business currently is contracting, and until market conditions reverse, we do not expect to grow our business.
 
 Our decisions regarding marketing have a significant impact on our growth. We can increase or decrease the size of our outstanding receivables balances by increasing or decreasing our marketing efforts. Marketing is expensive, and during periods when we have less liquidity than we like or when prospects for continued liquidity in the future do not look promising, we have limited our marketing and thereby our growth. We decreased our marketing during 2003, although we increased our marketing in 2004 through 2006 because of our improved access to capital. Similarly, we significantly curtailed our marketing in August 2007 because of uncertainty regarding future access to capital as a result of difficulties in the sub-prime mortgage market and currently have ceased substantially all card marketing activities.

 
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Our operating expenses and our ability to effectively service our accounts are dependent on our ability to estimate the future size and general growth rate of the portfolio. Some of our servicing and vendor agreements require us to make additional payments if we overestimate the size or growth of our business. These additional payments compensate the servicers and vendors for increased staffing expenses and other costs they incur in anticipation of our growth. In addition, if we overestimate our growth, we have excess facilities and capacity.  We currently have substantial excess capacity.
 
We Operate in a Heavily Regulated Industry
 
Changes in bankruptcy, privacy or other consumer protection laws, or to the prevailing interpretation thereof, may expose us to litigation, adversely affect our ability to collect account balances in connection with our traditional credit card business, our debt collection subsidiary’s charged-off receivables operations, and our auto finance and micro-loan activities, or otherwise adversely affect our operations. Similarly, regulatory changes could adversely affect our ability or willingness to market credit cards and other products and services to our customers. The accounting rules that govern our business are exceedingly complex, difficult to apply and in a state of flux. As a result, how we value our receivables and otherwise account for our business is subject to change depending upon the changes in, and, interpretation of, those rules. Some of these issues are discussed more fully below.
 
Reviews and enforcement actions by regulatory authorities under banking and consumer protection laws and regulations may result in changes to our business practices, may make collection of account balances more difficult or may expose us to the risk of fines, restitution and litigation. Our operations, and the operations of the issuing banks through which we originate credit products, are subject to the jurisdiction of federal, state and local government authorities, including the Consumer Protection Agency, the SEC, the FDIC, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the FTC, U.K. banking authorities, state regulators having jurisdiction over financial institutions and debt origination and collection and state attorneys general. Our business practices, including the terms of our products and our marketing, servicing and collection practices, are subject to both periodic and special reviews by these regulatory and enforcement authorities. These reviews can range from investigations of specific consumer complaints or concerns to broader inquiries into our practices generally. If as part of these reviews the regulatory authorities conclude that we are not complying with applicable law, they could request or impose a wide range of remedies including requiring changes in advertising and collection practices, changes in the terms of our products (such as decreases in interest rates or fees), the imposition of fines or penalties, or the paying of restitution or the taking of other remedial action with respect to affected customers. They also could require us to stop offering some of our products, either nationally or in selected states. To the extent that these remedies are imposed on the issuing banks through which we originate credit products, under certain circumstances we are responsible for the remedies as a result of our indemnification obligations with those banks. We also may elect to change practices or products that we believe are compliant with law in order to respond to regulatory concerns. Furthermore, negative publicity relating to any specific inquiry or investigation could hurt our ability to conduct business with various industry participants or to attract new accounts and could negatively affect our stock price, which would adversely affect our ability to raise additional capital and would raise our costs of doing business.
 
As discussed in more detail below, in March 2006, one of our subsidiaries stopped processing and servicing micro-loans in North Carolina in settlement of a review by the North Carolina Attorney General, and also in 2006, we terminated our processing and servicing of micro-loans for third-party banks in three other states in response to a position taken in February 2006 with respect to banks generally by the FDIC.
 
In June 2006, we entered into an assurance agreement with the New York Attorney General in order to resolve an inquiry into our marketing and other materials and our servicing and collection practices, principally as a result of New York Personal Property Law Section 413. Pursuant to this agreement, we agreed to pay a $0.5 million civil penalty to the State of New York and to refund certain fees to New York cardholders, which resulted in cash payments of under $2.0 million and a charge against a $5.0 million liability that we accrued for this purpose. In addition, we assured the New York Attorney General that we would not engage in certain marketing, billing, servicing and collection practices.
 
Also, commencing in June 2006, the FDIC began investigating the policies, practices and procedures used in connection with our credit card originating financial institution relationships. In December 2006, the FTC commenced a related investigation. In June 2008, both of the regulators commenced actions against us and the FDIC commenced actions against two of the banks that historically have issued cards on our behalf. We settled the actions against us in December 2008.

 
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If any additional deficiencies or violations of law or regulations are identified by us or asserted by any regulator, or if the Consumer Protection Agency, the FDIC, the FTC or any other regulator requires us to change any of our practices, the correction of such deficiencies or violations, or the making of such changes, could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or business. In addition, whether or not we modify our practices when a regulatory or enforcement authority requests or requires that we do so, there is a risk that we or other industry participants may be named as defendants in litigation involving alleged violations of federal and state laws and regulations, including consumer protection laws. Any failure to comply with legal requirements by us or the issuing banks through which we originate credit products in connection with the issuance of those products, or by us or our agents as the servicer of our accounts, could significantly impair our ability to collect the full amount of the account balances. The institution of any litigation of this nature, or any judgment against us or any other industry participant in any litigation of this nature, could adversely affect our business and financial condition in a variety of ways.
 
Increases in required minimum payment levels have impacted our business adversely. For some time, regulators of credit card issuers have requested or required that issuers increase their minimum monthly payment requirements to prevent so-called “negative amortization,” in which the monthly minimum payment is not sufficient to reduce the outstanding balance even if new purchases are not made. This can be caused by, among other things, the imposition of over-limit, late and other fees. Prior to changes to our minimum payment requirements over the past few years, we historically had followed a more consumer-friendly practice of not treating cardholders as delinquent (with commensurate adverse credit agency reporting) provided they made a minimum payment of only 3% or 4% (depending upon the credit card product) of their outstanding balance (i.e., exclusive of the requested over-limit, late and other fees). However, in response to comments about minimum payments and negative amortization received from the FDIC in the course of its routine examinations of the banks that issue credit cards on our behalf, we made a number of changes to our practices over the past several years, including our discontinuation of finance charges and fee billings on credit card accounts once they become 90 or more days delinquent, the reversal of fees and finance charges on the accounts of cardholders who made payments so that those accounts would not be in negative amortization, and the modification of our minimum payment requirements in some cases to require a minimum payment equal to 1% of the outstanding balance plus any finance charges and late fees billed in the current cycle. Based on our various changes to our practices in this area, only an insignificant portion of our U.S. credit card receivables experience negative amortization. The changes that we have made have adversely impacted and are likely in the future to adversely impact amounts collected from cardholders and therefore our reported fee income and delinquency and charge-off statistics. Additionally, should regulators require more rapid amortization of credit card account balances by banks, we could be required to may make further payment and fee-related changes that could adversely affect our financial position and future results of operations.
 
Adverse regulatory actions with respect to issuing banks have adversely impacted our business and could continue to do so in the future. Although we currently are not issuing new credit cards, historically our credit card operations have been entirely dependent on our issuing bank relationships, and their regulators could at any time limit their ability to issue some or all products on our behalf, or that we service on their behalf, or to modify those products significantly. Any significant interruption of those relationships would result in our being unable to originate new receivables and other credit products.  It is possible that a regulatory position or action taken with respect to any of the issuing banks through which we have originated credit products or for whom we service receivables might result in the bank’s inability or unwillingness to originate future credit products on our behalf or in partnership with us.
 
Changes to consumer protection laws or changes in their interpretation may impede collection efforts or otherwise adversely impact our business practices. Federal and state consumer protection laws regulate the creation and enforcement of consumer credit card receivables and other loans. Many of these laws (and the related regulations) are focused on sub-prime lenders and are intended to prohibit or curtail industry-standard practices as well as non-standard practices. For instance, Congress enacted legislation that regulates loans to military personnel through imposing interest rate and other limitations and requiring new disclosures, all as regulated by the Department of Defense. Similarly, in 2009 Congress enacted legislation that required changes to a variety of marketing, billing and collection practices. The Federal Reserve recently has adopted significant changes to a

 
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number of practices that are now effective as of July 2010. While our practices are in compliance with most of these proposed changes, some (e.g., limitations on the ability to assess up-front fees) could significantly impact our lower-tier products. Changes in the consumer protection laws could result in the following:
 
 
receivables not originated in compliance with law (or revised interpretations) could become unenforceable and uncollectible under their terms against the obligors;
 
 
we may be required to credit or refund previously collected amounts;
 
 
certain fees could be prohibited or restricted, which would reduce the profitability of certain accounts;
 
 
certain of our collection methods could be prohibited, forcing us to revise our practices or adopt more costly or less effective practices;
 
 
limitations on the content of marketing materials could be imposed that would result in reduced success for our marketing efforts;
 
 
federal and state laws may limit our ability to recover on charged-off receivables regardless of any act or omission on our part;
 
 
reductions in statutory limits for finance charges could require us to reduce our fees and charges;
 
 
some of our products and services could be banned in certain states or at the federal level;
 
 
federal or state bankruptcy or debtor relief laws could offer additional protections to customers seeking bankruptcy protection, providing a court greater leeway to reduce or discharge amounts owed to us; and
 
 
a reduction in our ability or willingness to lend to certain individuals, such as military personnel.
 
Material regulatory developments are likely to impact our business and results from operations.
 
 Negative publicity may impair acceptance of our products. Critics of sub-prime credit and micro-loan providers have in the past focused on marketing practices that they claim encourage consumers to borrow more money than they should, as well as on pricing practices that they claim are either confusing or result in prices that are too high. Consumer groups, Internet chat sites and media reports frequently characterize sub-prime lenders as predatory or abusive toward consumers and may misinform consumers regarding their rights. If these negative characterizations and misinformation become widely accepted by consumers, demand for our products and services could be adversely impacted. Increased criticism of the industry or criticism of us in the future could hurt customer acceptance of our products or lead to changes in the law or regulatory environment, either of which would significantly harm our business.
 
Because of the Recent and Ongoing Contraction of Our Credit Cards and Auto Finance Businesses and the Growth of Our Retail and Internet Micro-Loan Businesses, Our Micro-Loan Businesses Are Now a Larger Component of Our Financial Position and Results of Operations
 
Legislative, regulatory and consumer activism toward the micro-loans industry is particularly active and at times particularly hostile, and changes in applicable laws and regulations or interpretations thereof, or our failure to comply with such laws and regulations, could have a materially adverse effect on our micro-loan businesses, their prospects, our results of operations and our financial condition.  Our micro-loan businesses are subject to numerous foreign, federal, state and local laws and regulations, which are subject to change and which may impose significant costs, limitations or prohibitions on the way we conduct or expand these businesses. These regulations govern or affect, among other things, interest rates and other fees, check cashing fees, lending practices, recording and reporting of certain financial transactions, privacy of personal consumer information and collection practices. As we develop new product and service offerings, we may become subject to additional federal, state and local regulations. State and local governments also may seek to impose new licensing requirements or interpret or enforce existing requirements in new ways. In addition, changes in current laws and future laws or regulations may restrict or eliminate our ability to continue our current methods of operation or expand our operations; such laws regularly are proposed, introduced or adopted at the state and federal level in the U.S. and in the U.K.

 
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A federal law that imposes a national cap on our micro-loan fees and interest likely would eliminate our ability to continue our current micro-loan businesses in the U.S.  Various anti-cash advance legislation has been proposed or introduced in the U.S. Congress. Congressional members continue to receive pressure to adopt such legislation from consumer advocates and other industry opposition groups. In February 2009, Senator Richard Durbin introduced a bill in Congress to establish a federal cap of 36% on the effective annual percentage rate (“APR”) on all consumer loan transactions. Likewise, U.S. Representative Luis Gutierrez introduced a bill on the same day that would, among other things, place a 15 cent per dollar borrowed ($.15/$1.00) cap on fees for cash advances, ban rollovers (payment of a fee to extend the term of a cash advance or other short-term financing), and require lenders to offer an extended payment plan that would severely restrict lenders’ U.S. cash advance products. Any U.S. federal legislative or regulatory action that severely restricts or prohibits cash advance and similar services, if enacted, could have a material adverse impact on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. Any federal law that would impose a national 36% APR limit on our services, like that proposed in the Durbin bill, if enacted, likely would eliminate our ability to continue our current operations. Moreover, we do not yet know the potential future effects that the recent enactment of the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, along with its creation of a federal Consumer Protection Agency with jurisdiction over U.S. micro-loan product offerings, will have on our U.S. micro-loan activities, and it is possible that the effects may not be known for several months or years. Such effects, however, could ultimately have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
The micro-loans industry is regulated under federal law and subject to federal and state unfair and deceptive practices statutes. Our failure to comply with these regulations and statutes could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. Although states provide the primary regulatory framework under which we offer cash advances within the U.S., certain federal laws also impact our business. See “Our Business—U.S. Federal Regulation.” We must comply with the federal Truth-in-Lending Act and Regulation Z adopted under that act. Additionally, we are subject to the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. We also are subject to the Bank Secrecy Act, the Money Laundering Act, and the PATRIOT Act. Any failure to comply with any of these federal laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our marketing efforts and the representations we make about our products and services also are subject to federal and state unfair and deceptive practices statutes. The FTC enforces the Federal Trade Commission Act and the state attorneys general and private plaintiffs enforce the analogous state statutes. If we are found to have violated any of these statutes, that violation could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
The micro-loans industry is highly regulated under state law. Changes in state laws and regulations or interpretations thereof, or our failure to comply with such laws and regulations, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  Our business is regulated under a variety of enabling state statutes, including cash advance, deferred presentment, check cashing, money transmission, small loan and credit services organization laws, all of which are subject to change and which may impose significant costs, limitations or prohibitions on the way we conduct or expand our business. As of June 30, 2010, 36 states had specific laws that permitted cash advances or a similar form of short-term consumer loans. As of June 30, 2010, we operated in 8 of these 36 states under traditional enabling statutes, and we offered a small loan product in Ohio under the Ohio Mortgage Loan Act. Currently, we do not conduct business in the remaining states or in the District of Columbia because we do not believe it is economically attractive to operate in these jurisdictions due to specific legislative restrictions, such as interest rate ceilings, an unattractive population density or unattractive location characteristics. However, we may open storefronts in any of these states if we believe doing so may become economically attractive because of a change in any of these variables.
 
During the last few years, legislation has been introduced or adopted in some states that prohibits or severely restricts our products and services. In 2008, bills that would severely restrict or effectively prohibit cash advances if adopted as law were introduced in 21 states. Also, in 2009, the enabling statutes in both Kentucky and South Carolina were amended to require, among other things, the use of a common database to track and limit the number of micro-loans a consumer may have at a given time. Although our experience to date with the implementation of database requirements in Kentucky and South Carolina has not materially affected our business, it has caused us to lose customers because many of our customers had outstanding loans with our competitors in addition to us, and it has resulted in some contractions in our outstanding

 
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micro-loan receivables and earnings thereon. Moreover, any such new or modified legislation could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. In addition, Mississippi has a sunset provision in its cash advance laws that requires renewals of the laws by the state legislature at periodic intervals, and the cash advance laws will expire in 2012 if no further action is taken; an expiration of these laws could have a detrimental impact on our ability to issue existing or new micro-loan products within the state.
 
Laws prohibiting cash advances and similar products and services or making them less profitable, or even unprofitable, could be passed in any other state at any time or existing enabling laws could expire or be amended, any of which would have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. For instance, in November 2008, a new Ohio law became effective that capped interest rates on cash advances and limited the number of advances a customer may take in any one year. In response to this legislation, we now offer a small loan product that is not as profitable as our former cash advance product, and our current operations in Ohio are under significant scrutiny by the Ohio Attorney General, thereby causing us evaluate alternative business and lending models that will allow our continued profitable operations in Ohio for the foreseeable future; should there be legislative or regulatory changes in Ohio in the future that affect the viability of our product offerings in that state, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition, particularly given our revenue concentration in that state as noted below.
 
Statutes authorizing cash advance and similar products and services typically provide the state agencies that regulate banks and financial institutions with significant regulatory powers to administer and enforce the law. In most states, we are required to apply for a license, file periodic written reports regarding business operations and undergo comprehensive state examinations to ensure that we comply with applicable laws. Under statutory authority, state regulators have broad discretionary power and may impose new licensing requirements, interpret or enforce existing regulatory requirements in different ways or issue new administrative rules, even if not contained in state statutes, that affect the way we do business and may force us to terminate or modify our operations in particular states. They also may impose rules that are generally adverse to our industry. Any new licensing requirements or rules, or new interpretations of existing licensing requirements or rules, or failure to follow licensing requirements or rules could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
In some cases, we rely on the interpretations of the staff of state regulatory bodies with respect to the laws and regulations of their respective jurisdictions. These staff interpretations generally are not binding legal authority and may be subject to challenge in administrative or judicial proceedings. Additionally, as the staff of state regulatory bodies change, it is possible that their interpretations of applicable laws and regulations also may change to the detriment of our business. As a result, our reliance on staff interpretations could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Additionally, state attorneys general and banking regulators are scrutinizing cash advances and other alternative financial products and services and taking actions that require us to modify, suspend or cease operations in their respective states. For example, our subsidiaries decided to exit North Carolina, West Virginia and Arkansas in settlement of reviews by applicable state regulators. During the third quarter of 2006, our subsidiaries completed the process of closing 52 branch locations in North Carolina and 11 branch locations in West Virginia, and in the second quarter of 2009, one of our subsidiaries completed the process of closing 27 locations in Arkansas. Similar or additional actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our industry is subject to various local rules and regulations. Changes in these local regulations or interpretations thereof could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  In addition to state and federal laws and regulations, our business can be subject to various local rules and regulations such as local zoning regulations. Any actions taken in the future by local zoning boards or other local governing bodies to require special use permits for, or impose other restrictions on providers of, cash advance and similar services could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 
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Our operations in the U.K. are subject to differing laws and regulations. Our inability to operate in the U.K. in compliance with applicable laws and regulations and changes in those applicable laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  In the U.K., consumer lending is governed by the Consumer Credit Act of 1974, which was amended by the Consumer Credit Act of 2006, and related rules and regulations. Our subsidiaries in the U.K. must maintain licenses from the OFT, which is responsible for regulating consumer credit and competition, for policy-making and for consumer protection. The U.K. also has strict rules regarding the presentation, form and content of loan agreements, including statutory warnings and the layout of financial information. Our non-compliance with these rules could render a loan agreement unenforceable. Our inability to obtain and maintain the required licenses or to comply with the applicable rules or regulations in the U.K. could limit our expansion opportunities and/or could result in a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
The OFT recently completed a review of what it perceives as “high cost credit,” which includes the sector in which we operate in the U.K. The results of this review were released in the second quarter of 2010, and while this review did not result in specific recommendations that would cause immediate material adverse effects on our U.K. Internet Micro-Loans business, it is impossible to speculate on future regulatory or legislative efforts within the U.K. (e.g., attempts to impose interest rate caps or restrictions on repeat borrowings or multiple simultaneous borrowings as have been applied in certain U.S. jurisdictions and some of which currently are advocated by certain U.K. political parties) which could result in materially adverse effects on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our ability to find additional micro-loan growth opportunities may be limited. We may not be able to maintain or further expand our market presence in our current markets or successfully enter new markets through the opening of new storefronts or acquisitions. Moreover, the start-up costs and the losses from initial operations attributable to each newly opened storefront place demands upon our liquidity and cash flow, and we may not be able to satisfy these demands.
 
Because our Retail Micro-Loans and Internet Micro-Loans segments currently lack product and business diversification, these segments’ revenues and earnings may be disproportionately negatively impacted by external factors and may be more susceptible to fluctuations than more diversified companies.  The primary business activity of our micro-loan businesses is offering cash advance products. If we are unable to maintain our cash advance products business and/or diversify our operations, our revenues and earnings could decline. Our current lack of product and business diversification could inhibit our opportunities for growth, reduce our revenues and profits and make us more susceptible to earnings fluctuations than many of our competitors who are more diversified and provide other services such as pawn lending, title lending or other similar services. External factors, such as changes in laws and regulations or interpretations thereof, new entrants and enhanced competition, also could make it more difficult for us to operate as profitably as a more diversified company could operate. Any internal or external change in our industry could result in a decline in our revenues and earnings, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Prior efforts by our micro-loan businesses to expand their product offerings at our micro-loan storefronts did not prove successful.  Our inability to introduce or manage new products or alternative methods for conducting business in an efficient and profitable manner could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  From 2004 through mid-2007, we embarked on a strategy of converting our mono-line micro-loan storefronts into neighborhood financial centers offering a wide array of financial products and services, including auto insurance, stored-value cards, check cashing, money transfer, money order, bill payment, auto title loans and tax preparation service assistance. These new products had some success in improving foot traffic within our storefronts and increasing our revenues on a per store basis. In certain states, however, we saw increasingly stringent lending regulations (which in many cases precluded the execution of our multi-product line strategy) and possible evidence of market saturation, both of which resulted in revenue growth that did not meet our expectations.  As a result, we discontinued many of these product offerings in mid-2007.
 
In order to offer new products, we need to comply with additional regulatory and licensing requirements. Each of these changes, alternative methods of conducting business and new products are subject to risk and

 
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uncertainty and require significant investment in time and capital, including additional marketing expenses, legal costs and other incremental start-up costs. For these reasons and based on our prior experience in offering alternative products, we may not be able to introduce any new products in a successful or timely manner. Furthermore, our failure to offer new products in an efficient manner, or low customer demand for any of these new products, could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Current and future litigation and regulatory proceedings against our micro-loan businesses could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  Our micro-loan businesses are subject to lawsuits and regulatory proceedings that could generate adverse publicity and cause us to incur substantial expenditures. See Part II, Item 1, “Legal Proceedings.” Adverse rulings in lawsuits or regulatory proceedings could significantly impair our business and/or force us to cease doing business in one or more states or other geographic areas.
 
Our micro-loan businesses are likely to be subject to further litigation and proceedings in the future. The consequences of an adverse ruling in any current or future litigation or proceeding could cause us to have to refund fees and/or interest collected, refund the principal amount of advances, pay treble or other multiple damages, pay monetary penalties and/or modify or terminate our operations in particular states. We also may be subject to adverse publicity. Defense of any lawsuits or proceedings, even if successful, requires substantial time and attention of our senior officers and other management personnel that would otherwise be spent on other aspects of our business and requires the expenditure of significant amounts for legal fees and other related costs. Settlement of lawsuits also may result in significant payments and modifications to our operations. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Adverse economic conditions may significantly and adversely affect our micro-loan businesses’ prospects, results of operations, financial condition and access to liquidity.  The current global economic crisis may adversely affect our micro-loan businesses in several ways. For example, the rise in unemployment levels likely will reduce the number of customers who qualify for our products and services, which in turn may reduce our revenues. Similarly, reduced consumer confidence and spending may decrease the demand for our products. Also, the widespread loss of jobs, housing foreclosures and general economic uncertainty may affect our loss experience. Our methodology for establishing our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable is based in large part on our historic loss experience. If customer behavior changes as a result of current economic conditions, our provision may be inadequate. Additionally, should our micro-loan businesses require external sources of liquidity to fund customer advances in the future (they do not today), they may be unable to access that liquidity due to the current state of the credit markets.  If they are unable to obtain external liquidity, our ability to finance their current operations could be impaired. Lastly, given the unprecedented nature of the current economic crisis, our micro-loan businesses may be adversely affected in ways that we are unable to anticipate.
 
The concentration of our micro-loan businesses’ revenues in certain geographic areas could adversely affect us. As of June 30, 2010, we operated retail storefronts in nine states.  Total revenues within Kentucky, Ohio, South Carolina and Wisconsin, our four largest states (measured by revenue), accounted for 34.9% of our micro-loans businesses’ revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2010. While we believe we have a diverse geographic presence within the U.S., for the near term we expect that significant micro-loan business revenues will continue to be generated by certain states, largely due to the currently prevailing economic, demographic, regulatory, competitive and other conditions in those states. For example, during the three months ended June 30, 2010, Kentucky, Ohio, South Carolina and Wisconsin each accounted for more than 5.0% of our micro-loans businesses’ revenue, with Ohio accounting for 15.8% of our micro-loans businesses’ revenue during that period. Changes to prevailing economic, demographic, regulatory or any other conditions in the markets in which we operate could lead to a reduction in demand for our products and services, a decline in our revenues or an increase in our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable that could result in a deterioration of our financial condition. A regulatory change similar to the recent change in Ohio, for example, or an action by a state regulator similar to those in North Carolina, West Virginia and Arkansas, in any one of our larger states may have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations or financial condition.
 
Moreover, our U.K. Internet-based micro-loan operations comprised 52.5% of our micro-loan businesses’ revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2010; as such, a regulatory change in the U.K. to reduce the

 
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profitability of or otherwise limit or ban our product offerings in the U.K. could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations or financial condition.
 
Competition in the micro-loans industry could cause our micro-loan businesses to lose market share, experience increased customer acquisition costs or reduce their interest and fees, possibly resulting in a decline in our revenues and earnings.  The industry in which our micro-loan businesses operate has low barriers to entry and is highly fragmented and very competitive. We believe that the market may become even more competitive as the industry matures and/or consolidates. We compete with services provided by traditional financial institutions, such as overdraft protection, and with other cash advance providers, small loan providers, pawn stores, short-term consumer lenders, other financial service entities and other retail businesses that offer consumer loans or other products and services that are similar to ours. We also compete with companies offering cash advances and short-term loans over the Internet as well as by phone. Some of these competitors have larger local or regional customer bases, more locations and substantially greater financial, marketing and other resources than we have. As a result of this increasing competition, we could lose market share or experience increased customer acquisition costs, or we may need to reduce our interest and fees, possibly resulting in a decline in our revenues and earnings.
 
Media reports and public perception of cash advances and similar loans as being predatory or abusive could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  Consumer advocacy groups and certain media reports advocate for governmental and regulatory action to prohibit or severely restrict our micro-loan businesses’ products and services. The consumer groups and media reports typically focus on the cost to a consumer and typically characterize our micro-loan businesses’ products and services as predatory or abusive toward consumers. If this negative characterization of advances becomes widely accepted by consumers, demand for our micro-loan businesses’ products and services could significantly decrease, which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Negative perception of our micro-loan businesses’ products and services could also result in increased regulatory scrutiny and litigation, encourage restrictive local zoning rules, make it more difficult to obtain government approvals necessary to open new storefronts and cause industry trade groups, such as the Community Financial Services Association of America, to promote policies that cause our business to be less profitable. These trends could materially adversely affect our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our micro-loan businesses’ provision for losses on loans and fees receivable may increase and net income may decrease if we are unable to collect customers’ personal checks that are returned due to non-sufficient funds (“NSF”) in the customers’ accounts or other reasons.  In the three months ended June 30, 2010, our retail storefront operations deposited or presented an Automated Clearing House (“ACH”) authorization for 7.1%, of all the customer checks we received and 73.5% of these deposited customer checks or ACH authorizations were returned unpaid or rejected because of non-sufficient funds in the customers’ bank accounts or because of closed accounts or stop-payment orders. Total retail storefront charge offs in the six months ended June 30, 2010 were $5.3 million. An increase in returned checks or rejected ACH authorizations would increase our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable and our allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable.
 
MEM, our U.K. Internet-based micro-loans business, uses an electronic debit card process to electronically charge our payments against the customers’ bank accounts for loan repayment and fees due. In the three months ended June 30, 2010, 8.9% of these electronically charged payments against our customers’ bank accounts were charged back or rejected because of non-sufficient funds in the customers’ bank accounts or because of closed accounts or charge-back orders. If repayment is not made at the agreed upon repayment date, MEM will continually seek to contact the customer in order to collect the amount due. MEM either seeks full repayment or by agreement with the customer collects the amount under a repayment schedule of up to six months (depending on the amount due). After 90 days of in-house collection activity, the account will be passed to a third-party collection agency with an aim of maximizing recovery of the charged-off debt. Total U.K. charge-offs, net of recoveries, in the three months ended June 30, 2010 were $9.7 million. An increase in charged-back or rejected electronic payments would increase our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable and our allowance for uncollectible loans and fees receivable.
 
Our micro-loan businesses have a significant amount of goodwill that is subject to periodic review and testing for impairment.  A significant portion of our micro-loan businesses’ total assets is comprised of goodwill. Under generally accepted accounting principles, goodwill is subject to periodic review and testing to determine if it is impaired. These tests require projections of future cash flows. Unfavorable trends in our industry and unfavorable events or disruptions to our operations

 
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can affect these projections and estimates. Significant impairment charges, although not affecting cash flow, could have a material impact on our operating results and financial position.
 
Our continued expansion of our micro-loan operations within the U.K. may contribute materially to increased costs and negatively affect our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  We have devoted significant management time and financial resources to expanding our micro-loan operations within the U.K. Our international operations have increased the complexity of our organization and the administrative, operating and legal cost of operating our business. Penetrating new markets likely will require additional marketing expenses and incremental start-up costs. Additionally, our foreign business is subject to local regulations, tariffs and labor controls to which other domestic businesses are not subject. Our financial results also may be negatively affected by tax rates in the U.K. or as a result of withholding requirements and tax treaties with the U.K. Moreover, if political, regulatory or economic conditions deteriorate in the U.K., our ability to further expand and maintain our international operations could be impaired or the costs of doing so could increase, either of which could further erode our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our micro-loan businesses are dependent on cash management services from banks to operate their businesses. If banks decide to stop providing cash management services to companies in the micro-loans industry, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  Certain banks have notified us and other companies in the cash advance and check-cashing industries that they will no longer maintain bank accounts for these companies due to reputational risks and increased compliance costs of servicing money services businesses and other cash intensive industries. If one of our larger depository banks requests that we close our bank accounts or puts other restrictions on how we use its services, we could face higher costs of managing our cash and limitations on our ability to maintain or expand our business, both of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
In our U.S. retail storefront operations, we use an electronic check conversion process to electronically present most of our past due checks to the customers’ bank accounts. This process uses either the ACH or the VISA Point-of-Sale (“VISA POS”) network. We depend on our banks to settle our ACH transactions and on VISA and certain participating financial institutions to operate the VISA POS system. If our banks decide to no longer process our ACH transactions due to increased credit risk or other reasons or if a financial institution were to exit the VISA POS payment network or if VISA stopped supporting this network, our ability to collect on past due accounts could be adversely affected and our cost of collections could increase.
 
Our U.K. Internet micro-loan operations use an electronic debit card process to electronically charge payments against our customers’ bank accounts. We depend on our banks to settle these transactions and on certain participating institutions to operate the debit card payment system. If they were to decide to cease processing our transactions due to increased credit risk or other reasons, our ability to collect on accounts could be adversely affected and our cost of collections could increase—thereby possibly having a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our micro-loans businesses are seasonal in nature, which causes our revenues, collection rates and earnings to fluctuate. These fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  Our micro-loans businesses are seasonal due to the impact of fluctuating demand for our products and services and fluctuating collection rates throughout the year. Demand has historically been highest in the third and fourth quarters of each year, corresponding to the back-to-school and holiday seasons, and lowest in the first quarter of each year, corresponding to our customers’ receipt of income tax refunds. Typically, our provision for losses on loans and fees receivable is the lowest as a percentage of revenues in the first quarter of each year, corresponding to our customers’ receipt of income tax refunds, and increases as a percentage of revenues for the remainder of each year. This seasonality requires us to manage our cash flows over the course of the year. If our revenues or collections were to fall substantially below what we would normally expect during certain periods, our ability to service any potential future debt, pay any potential future dividends on our common stock and meet our other liquidity requirements may be adversely affected, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.

 
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In addition, our micro-loans businesses’ quarterly results have fluctuated in the past and are likely to continue to fluctuate in the future because of the seasonal nature of our business. Therefore, our quarterly revenues and results of operations are difficult to forecast, which in turn could cause our quarterly results not to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors. Our failure to meet expectations could cause a material drop in the market price of our common stock.
 
Because we maintain a significant supply of cash in our storefronts, we may be subject to cash shortages due to employee and third-party theft and errors. We also may be subject to liability as a result of crimes at our centers. Because our retail storefront business requires us to maintain a significant supply of cash in each of our storefronts, we are subject to the risk of cash shortages resulting from employee and third-party theft and errors. Although we have implemented various programs to reduce these risks, maintain insurance coverage for theft and provide security for our employees and facilities, employee and third- party theft and errors may still occur. There was approximately $3,000 in cash shortages from employee and third-party theft and errors in the three months ended June 30, 2010 after factoring in recoveries, which tend to lag the actual period of theft or error. The extent of cash shortages could increase as we expand the nature and scope of our products and services. Theft and errors could lead to cash shortages and could adversely affect our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition. It also is possible that crimes such as armed robberies may be committed at our storefronts. We could be subject to legal claims or adverse publicity arising from such crimes. For example, we may be subject to legal claims if an employee, customer or bystander suffers bodily injury, emotional distress or death. Any such event may have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Regular turnover among our managers and employees at our storefronts makes it more difficult for us to operate our storefronts and increases our costs of operations, which could have an adverse effect on our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.  The annual 2009 turnover among our storefront managers was 22.8% and among our other storefront employees was 47.0%. This turnover increases our cost of operations and makes it more difficult to operate our storefronts.  If we are unable to retain our employees in the future, our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
 
Our Recent Entry Into, Subsequent Expansion of, and More Recent Contraction of Our Automobile Lending Activities Involve Unique Risks In Addition to Others Described Herein
 
Automobile lending exposes us not only to most of the risks described above but also to additional risks, including the regulatory scheme that governs installment loans and those attendant to relying upon automobiles and their repossession and liquidation value as collateral. In addition, our most significant active Auto Finance segment business acquires loans on a wholesale basis from used car dealers, for which we rely upon the legal compliance and credit determinations by those dealers.
 
The decline in automobile sales has resulted in a decline in the overall demand for automobile loans.  Sales of both new and used cars have declined precipitously over the past few years. While the unavailability of funding may have had a greater impact on our business, the decline in demand was consequential as well as it adversely affects the volume of our lending transactions and our recoveries of repossessed vehicles at auction. The continuation of this decline in demand will adversely impact our business.
 
Funding for automobile lending is difficult to obtain and expensive. In large part due to market concerns regarding sub-prime lending, it is extremely difficult to find lenders willing to fund our automobile lending activities. Our inability to obtain debt facilities with desirable terms (e.g., interest rates and advance rates) and the other capital necessary to fund growth within our Auto Finance segment, will cause periods (like our current period) of liquidations in our Auto Finance segment receivables and reductions in profitability and returns on equity. We also may not be able to renew or replace our two remaining Auto Finance segment facilities that bear refunding or refinancing risks when they become due (one of which already has expired in the ordinary course but with respect to which the lender has not yet required repayment under a forbearance agreement that expires in September 2010), in which event our Auto Finance segment could experience significant liquidity constraints and diminution in reported asset values as lenders retain significant cash flows within underlying structured financings or otherwise under security arrangements for repayment of their loans.  If we cannot renew or replace facilities or otherwise are unduly constrained from a liquidity perspective, we may choose to sell part or all of our auto loan portfolios, possibly at less than favorable prices.

 
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Our automobile lending business is dependent upon referrals from dealers. Currently we provide automobile loans only to or through used car dealers (including JRAS, our own captive buy-here, pay-here dealer acquired in January 2007). Providers of automobile financing have traditionally competed based on the interest rate charged, the quality of credit accepted and the flexibility of loan terms offered. In order to be successful, we not only will need to be competitive in these areas, but also will need to establish and maintain good relations with dealers and provide them with a level of service greater than what they can obtain from our competitors.
 
The financial performance of our automobile loan portfolio is in part dependent upon the liquidation of repossessed automobiles. Principally in instances of customer non-repayment of our ACC and JRAS business auto loans, we regularly repossess automobiles and sell repossessed automobiles at wholesale auction markets located throughout the U.S. Auction proceeds from these sales and other recoveries rarely are sufficient to cover the outstanding balances of the contracts; where we experience these shortfalls, we will experience credit losses. Decreased auction proceeds resulting from depressed prices at which used automobiles may be sold in periods of economic slowdown or recession have resulted in higher credit losses for us. Additionally, higher gasoline prices (like those experienced during 2008) tend to decrease the auction value of certain types of vehicles, such as SUVs.
 
Repossession of automobiles entails the risk of litigation and other claims. Although we contract with reputable repossession firms to repossess automobiles on defaulted loans, it is not uncommon for consumers to assert that we were not entitled to repossess an automobile or that the repossession was not conducted in accordance with applicable law. These claims increase the cost of our collection efforts and, if correct, can result in awards against us.
 
We Routinely Explore Various Opportunities to Grow Our Business, to Make Investments and to Purchase and Sell Assets
 
We routinely consider acquisitions of, or investments in, portfolios and other assets as well as the sale of portfolios and portions of our business. There are a number of risks attendant to any acquisition, including the possibility that we will overvalue the assets to be purchased and that we will not be able to produce the expected level of profitability from the acquired business or assets. Similarly, there are a number of risks attendant to sales, including the possibility that we will undervalue the assets to be sold. As a result, the impact of any acquisition or sale on our future performance may not be as favorable as expected and actually may be adverse.
 
 Portfolio purchases may cause fluctuations in reported credit card managed receivables data, which may reduce the usefulness of historical credit card managed loan data in evaluating our business. Our reported managed credit card receivables data may fluctuate substantially from quarter to quarter as a result of recent and future credit card portfolio acquisitions. As of June 30, 2010, credit card portfolio acquisitions accounted for 35.9% of our total credit card managed receivables portfolio based on our ownership percentages.
 
Receivables included in purchased portfolios are likely to have been originated using credit criteria different from the criteria of issuing bank partners that have originated accounts on our behalf. Receivables included in any particular purchased portfolio may have significantly different delinquency rates and charge-off rates than the receivables previously originated and purchased by us. These receivables also may earn different interest rates and fees as compared to other similar receivables in our receivables portfolio. These variables could cause our reported managed receivables data to fluctuate substantially in future periods making the evaluation of our business more difficult.
 
Any acquisition or investment that we make will involve risks different from and in addition to the risks to which our business is currently exposed. These include the risks that we will not be able to integrate and operate successfully new businesses, that we will have to incur substantial indebtedness and increase our leverage in order to pay for the acquisitions, that we will be exposed to, and have to comply with, different regulatory regimes and that we will not be able to apply our traditional analytical framework (which is what we expect to be able to do) in a successful and value-enhancing manner.
 
We regularly explore investments in other lines of business where we believe the returns will meet our requirements.  While these investments have not been significant recently, we expect them to increase in the future as the opportunities to invest in our traditional businesses remain unattractive.  These investments may or may not be in areas where we have specialized expertise, and may carry risks in addition to those described above.

 
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Other Risks of Our Business
 
Climate change and related regulatory responses may impact our business.  Climate change as a result of emissions of greenhouse gases is a significant topic of discussion and may generate federal and other regulatory responses in the near future, including the imposition of a so-called “cap and trade” system.  It is impracticable to predict with any certainty the impact on our business of climate change or the regulatory responses to it, although we recognize that they could be significant.  The most direct impact is likely to be an increase in energy costs, which would increase slightly our operating costs, primarily through increased utility and transportations costs.  In addition, increased energy costs could impact consumers and their ability to incur and repay indebtedness.  However, it is too soon for us to predict with any certainty the ultimate impact, either directionally or quantitatively, of climate change and related regulatory responses.
 
We are a holding company with no operations of our own.  As a result, our cash flow and ability to service our debt is dependent upon distributions from our subsidiaries.  Our ability to service our debt is dependent upon the cash flows and operating earnings of our subsidiaries.  The distribution of subsidiary earnings, or advances or other distributions of funds by subsidiaries to us, all of which are subject to statutory and could be subject to contractual restrictions, are contingent upon the subsidiaries’ cash flows and earnings and are subject to various business and debt covenant considerations.  In addition, we are considering further restructuring options, including the spin-off of our micro-loan businesses.
 
Unless we obtain a bank charter, we cannot issue credit cards other than through agreements with banks. Because we do not have a bank charter, we currently cannot issue credit cards other than through agreements with banks. Previously we applied for permission to acquire a bank and our application was denied. Unless we obtain a bank or credit card bank charter, we will continue to rely upon banking relationships to provide for the issuance of credit cards to our customers. Even if we obtain a bank charter, there may be restrictions on the types of credit that it may extend. Our various issuing bank agreements have scheduled expirations dates. If we are unable to extend or execute new agreements with our issuing banks at the expirations of our current agreements with them, or if our existing or new agreements with our issuing banks were terminated or otherwise disrupted, there is a risk that we would not be able to enter into agreements with an alternate provider on terms that we consider favorable or in a timely manner without disruption of our business.
 
Historically, a substantial portion of our receivables were generated through accounts owned by Columbus Bank and Trust (“CB&T”), which has terminated its relationship with us. In addition, CB&T has refused to provide us the portion of the proceeds that it received in connection with the Visa® and MasterCard® initial public offerings that is attributable to the accounts that it originated on our behalf. For a more complete discussion of the litigation pending between CB&T and us, see Part II, Item 1, “Legal Proceedings.”
 
We are party to substantial litigation. As more fully discussed above, we are defendants in a significant number of legal proceedings. This includes litigation relating to our relationship with CB&T; litigation with holders of our convertible senior notes concerning past and possible future distributions to our shareholders, including the proposed spin-off of our micro-loan businesses; and litigation relating to our payday lending operations and other litigation customary for a business of our nature. In each case we believe that we have meritorious defenses or that the positions we are asserting otherwise are correct. However, adverse outcomes are possible in each of these matters, and we could decide to settle one or more of these matters in order to avoid the cost of litigation or to obtain certainty of outcome. Adverse outcomes or settlements of these matters could require us to pay damages, make restitution, change our business practices or take other actions at a level, or in a manner, that would adversely impact our business.
 
We may not be able to purchase charged-off receivables at sufficiently favorable prices or terms for our debt collection operations to be successful. The charged-off receivables that Jefferson Capital, our debt collection subsidiary, acquires and services (or resells) have been deemed uncollectible and written off by the originators. Jefferson Capital seeks to purchase charged-off receivables portfolios only if it expects projected collections or prices received for sales of such charged-off receivables to exceed its acquisition and servicing costs. Accordingly, factors causing the acquisition price of targeted portfolios to increase could reduce the ratio of collections (or sales prices received) to acquisitions costs for a given portfolio, and thereby negatively affect Jefferson Capital’s profitability. The availability of charged-off receivables portfolios at favorable prices and on favorable terms depends on a number of factors, including the continuation of the current growth and charge-off trends in consumer

 
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receivables, our ability to develop and maintain long-term relationships with key charged-off receivable sellers, our ability to obtain adequate data to appropriately evaluate the collectibility of portfolios and competitive factors affecting potential purchasers and sellers of charged-off receivables, including pricing pressures, which may increase the cost to us of acquiring portfolios of charged-off receivables and reduce our return on such portfolios.
 
Additionally, sellers of charged-off receivables generally make numerous attempts to recover on their non-performing receivables, often using a combination of their in-house collection and legal departments as well as third-party collection agencies. Charged-off receivables are difficult to collect, and we may not be successful in collecting amounts sufficient to cover the costs associated with purchasing the receivables and funding our Jefferson Capital operations.
 
The analytical model we use to project credit quality may prove to be inaccurate. We assess credit quality using an analytical model that we believe predicts the likelihood of payment more accurately than traditional credit scoring models. For instance, we have identified factors (such as delinquencies, defaults and bankruptcies) that under some circumstances we weight differently than do other credit providers. We believe our analysis enables us to better identify consumers within the financially underserved market who are likely to be better credit risks than otherwise would be expected. Similarly, we apply our analytical model to entire portfolios in order to identify those that may be more valuable than the seller or other potential purchasers might recognize. However, we may not be able to achieve the collections forecasted by our analytical model. If any of our assumptions underlying our model proves materially inaccurate or changes unexpectedly, we may not be able to achieve our expected levels of collection, and our revenues will be reduced, which would result in a reduction of our earnings.
 
Because we outsource account-processing functions that are integral to our business, any disruption or termination of that outsourcing relationship could harm our business. We outsource account and payment processing, and in 2009, we paid Total System Services, Inc. $20.4 million for these services. If these agreements were not renewed or were terminated or the services provided to us were otherwise disrupted, we would have to obtain these services from an alternative provider, such as First Data Resources, Inc., which currently provides only limited account and payment processing for us. There is a risk that we would not be able to enter into a similar agreement with an alternate provider on terms that we consider favorable or in a timely manner without disruption of our business.
 
If we obtain a bank charter, any changes in applicable state or federal laws could adversely affect our business. From time-to-time we have explored the possibility of acquiring a bank or credit card bank. If we obtain a bank or credit card bank charter, we will be subject to the various state and federal regulations generally applicable to similar institutions, including restrictions on the ability of the banking subsidiary to pay dividends to us. Any future changes of applicable state and federal laws or regulations could adversely affect the bank’s business and operations.
 
Internet security breaches could damage our reputation and business. As part of our growth strategy, we have originated loans over the Internet. The secure transmission of confidential information over the Internet is essential to maintaining consumer confidence in our products and services offered online. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries or other developments could result in a compromise or breach of the technology used by us to protect customer application and transaction data transmitted over the Internet. Security breaches could damage our reputation and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation. Moreover, consumers generally are concerned with security and privacy on the Internet, and any publicized security problems could inhibit the growth of the Internet as a means of conducting commercial transactions. Our ability to solicit new loans over the Internet would be severely impeded if consumers become unwilling to transmit confidential information online.
 
Any disruption in the availability of our information systems could adversely affect our operations. We rely upon our information systems to manage and operate business. Our back-up systems and security measures could fail to prevent a disruption in our information systems. Any disruption in our information systems due to catastrophic events or otherwise could adversely affect our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.
 
Our systems, procedures, controls and existing personnel may not be adequate to support new or replacement products or to expand into new geographic areas.  Our results of operations depend substantially on the ability of our officers and key employees to manage changing business conditions and unpredictable regulations

 
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and to implement and improve our technical, administrative, financial control and reporting systems. Our ability to maintain or further expand our business may require us to develop new or replacement products. In addition, business conditions could make it necessary for us to expand our operations in new geographic areas. Our systems, procedures, controls and existing personnel may not be adequate to support new or replacement products or operations in new geographic areas.
 
Risks Related to the Potential Spin-Off of our Micro-Loan Businesses
 
Our Board of Directors may decide not to approve the spin-off of our micro-loan businesses; even if, our Board of Directors  approves the spin-off, the consummation of the spin-off will be subject to a number of conditions.  Our management is evaluating the proposed spin-off to determine whether the separation of the micro-loan businesses is in our best interests as well as those of our shareholders.  Our management may or may not decide to recommend the spin-off to our Board of Directors.  In turn, our Board of Directors may or may not decide to approve the spin-off.  Even if the Board of Directors approves the spin-off, the consummation of the spin-off will be subject to a number of conditions, including:  (1) the SEC’s declaration of Purpose Financial’s registration statement on Form 10 to be effective; (2) our and Purpose Financial’s receipt of all permits, registrations and consents required under the securities or blue sky laws of states or other political subdivisions of the U.S. or of foreign jurisdictions in connection with the spin-off; (3) the private letter ruling that we received from the IRS not being revoked or modified in any material respect; (4) NASDAQ’s approval for listing of Purpose Financial’s common stock, subject to official notice of issuance; (5) the transfer of our micro-loan businesses, and the associated licenses and registrations relating to these businesses, to Purpose Financial; (6) the execution by the parties of separation and distribution agreements, transition services agreements, services agreements, employee matters agreements, tax sharing agreements, and sublease agreements; and (7) the nonexistence of any effective order, injunction or decree issued by any court of competent jurisdiction or other legal restraint or prohibition that might prevent the consummation of the spin-off or any of the transactions related thereto, including the transfers of assets and liabilities contemplated by the separation and distribution agreement that would be entered into between Purpose Financial and us. If we are not able to meet these conditions, we may not be able to complete the spin-off in a timely manner.
 
If the spin-off is completed, our operational and financial profile will change as a result of the separation of Purpose Financial from our other businesses. As a result, our diversification of revenue sources will diminish, and it is possible that our results of operations, cash flows, working capital and financing requirements may be subject to increased volatility.
 
If the spin-off is determined to be taxable for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we and our shareholders that are subject to U.S. federal income tax could incur significant U.S. federal income tax liabilities.  In connection with the spin-off, we received a private letter ruling from the IRS to the effect that, among other things, the contribution by us of the assets of the micro-loan businesses to Purpose Financial and the distribution will qualify as a transaction that is tax-free for U.S. federal income tax purposes under Sections 355 and 368(a)(1)(D) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”). The ruling relies on certain facts, assumptions, representations and undertakings from Purpose Financial and us regarding the past and future conduct of the companies’ respective businesses and other matters. If any of these facts, assumptions, representations or undertakings is incorrect or not otherwise satisfied, we and our shareholders may not be able to rely on the ruling and could be subject to significant tax liabilities. Notwithstanding the private letter ruling, the IRS could determine on audit that the spin-off is taxable if it determines that any of these facts, assumptions, representations or undertakings are not correct or have been violated or for other reasons, including as a result of certain significant changes in the stock ownership of Purpose Financial or us after the spin-off.
 
If the spin-off is completed, we will be subject to restrictions on acquisitions involving our stock and other stock issuances and possibly other corporate opportunities in order to enable the spin-off to qualify for tax-free treatment. Even if the spin-off otherwise qualifies for tax-free treatment under Sections 368(a)(1)(D) and 355 of the Code, it may result in corporate level taxable gain to us under Section 355(e) of the Code if 50% or more, by vote or value, of our common stock or Purpose Financial’s common stock is acquired or issued as part of a plan or series of related transactions that includes the distribution. For this purpose, any acquisitions or issuances of our common stock within two years before the distribution, and any acquisitions or issuances of our common stock or Purpose Financial’s common stock within two years after the distribution, generally are presumed to be part of such

 
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a plan, although we or Purpose Financial may be able to rebut that presumption. We are not aware of any such acquisitions or issuances of our common stock within the two years before the distribution. If an acquisition or issuance of our common stock or Purpose Financial’s common stock triggers the application of Section 355(e) of the Code, we would recognize taxable gain as described above, and certain subsidiaries of ours or subsidiaries of Purpose Financial would incur significant federal income tax liabilities as a result of the application of Section 355(e) of the Code.
 
Under the tax sharing agreement that would be entered into between Purpose Financial and us, there are restrictions on our ability to take actions that could cause the spin-off or certain internal transactions undertaken in anticipation of the spin-off to fail to qualify as tax-favored transactions, including entering into, approving or allowing any transaction that results in a change in ownership of more than 50% of our common stock, a redemption of equity securities, a sale or other disposition of a substantial portion of our assets, an acquisition of a business or assets with equity securities to the extent one or more persons would acquire 50% or more of our common stock, or engaging in certain internal transactions. These restrictions apply for the two-year period after the spin-off, unless we obtain a private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or an unqualified opinion that such action will not cause the spin-off or the internal transactions undertaken in anticipation of the spin-off to fail to qualify as tax-favored transactions, and such letter ruling or opinion, as the case may be, is acceptable to the parties. In addition, Purpose Financial would be subject to similar restrictions under the tax sharing agreement. Moreover, the tax sharing agreement generally would provide that a party thereto is responsible for any taxes imposed on any other party thereto as a result of the failure of the spin-off or certain internal transactions to qualify as a tax-favored transaction under the Code if such failure is attributable to certain post-spin actions taken by or in respect of the responsible party or its shareholders, regardless of whether the actions occur more than two years after the spin-off, the other party’s consent to such actions or such party obtains a favorable letter ruling or opinion as described above. For example, we would be responsible for the acquisition of us by a third party at a time and in a manner that would cause such failure. These restrictions may prevent us from entering into transactions which might be advantageous to our shareholders.
 
Risks Relating to an Investment in Our Common Stock
 
The price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly, and this may make it difficult for you to resell your shares of our common stock when you want or at prices you find attractive. The price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Global Market constantly changes. We expect that the market price of our common stock will continue to fluctuate. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include the following:
 
 
actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results;
 
 
changes in expectations as to our future financial performance, including financial estimates by securities analysts and investors;
 
 
the overall financing environment, which is critical to our value;
 
 
the operating and stock performance of our competitors and other sub-prime lenders;
 
 
announcements by us or our competitors of new products or services or significant contracts, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;
 
 
changes in interest rates;
 
 
the announcement of enforcement actions or investigations against us or our competitors or other negative publicity relating to us or our industry;
 
 
changes in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), laws, regulations or the interpretations thereof that affect our various business activities and segments;
 
 
general domestic or international economic, market and political conditions;
 
 
additions or departures of key personnel; and

 
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future sales of our common stock and the share lending agreement.
 
In addition, the stock markets from time to time experience extreme price and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of companies. These broad fluctuations may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.
 
Future sales of our common stock or equity-related securities in the public market, including sales of our common stock pursuant to share lending agreements or short sales transactions by purchasers of convertible notes securities, could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock and our ability to raise funds in new stock offerings.  Sales of significant amounts of our common stock or equity-related securities in the public market, including sales pursuant to share lending agreements, or the perception that such sales will occur, could adversely affect prevailing trading prices of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through future offerings of equity or equity-related securities. Future sales of shares of common stock or the availability of shares of common stock for future sale, including sales of our common stock in short sales transactions by purchasers of our convertible notes, may have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our common stock.
 
Our business is going through a substantial period of transition and we are exploring various options. Because of the unavailability of growth financing for our traditional business, we are exploring various options designed to produce the greatest benefit possible for our shareholders.  Currently these options include the payment of cash dividends, share repurchases and the spin-off of our micro-loan businesses, and we may consider additional options in the future.  On December 31, 2009, we paid a $.50 per share dividend to our shareholders, and a tender offer that we completed on May 14, 2010 resulted in our repurchase of 12,180,604 shares of our common stock for $85.3 million, in addition to our repurchase of $24.8 million in face amount of our 3.625% convertible senior notes due 2025 for $14.7 million.  We are considering future cash dividends as well.  In connection with management’s review of the proposal to spin-off our micro-loan businesses, our subsidiary Purpose Financial filed a Form 10 Registration Statement and a related Information Statement with the SEC.  To date, our management has not recommended, and our Board of Directors has not approved, any further dividends or the spin-off of Purpose Financial, and it is premature to suggest whether they will.
 
We have the ability to issue preferred shares, warrants, convertible debt and other securities without shareholder approval. Our common shares may be subordinate to classes of preferred shares issued in the future in the payment of dividends and other distributions made with respect to common shares, including distributions upon liquidation or dissolution. Our articles of incorporation permit our Board of Directors to issue preferred shares without first obtaining shareholder approval. If we issued preferred shares, these additional securities may have dividend or liquidation preferences senior to the common shares. If we issue convertible preferred shares, a subsequent conversion may dilute the current common shareholders’ interest. We have similar abilities to issue convertible debt, warrants and other equity securities.
 
Our executive officers, directors and parties related to them, in the aggregate, control a majority of our voting stock and may have the ability to control matters requiring shareholder approval. Our executive officers, directors and parties related to them own a large enough stake in us to have an influence on, if not control of, the matters presented to shareholders. As a result, these shareholders may have the ability to control matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election and removal of directors, the approval of significant corporate transactions, such as any reclassification, reorganization, merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets and the control of our management and affairs. Accordingly, this concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of us, impede a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving us or discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, which in turn could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.
 
 
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Note Regarding Risk Factors
 
The risk factors presented above are all of the ones that we currently consider material. However, they are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks not presently known to us, or which we currently consider immaterial, may also adversely affect us. There may be risks that a particular investor views differently from us, and our analysis might be wrong. If any of the risks that we face actually occur, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected and could differ materially from any possible results suggested by any forward-looking statements that we have made or might make. In such case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you could lose part or all of your investment.  We expressly disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

 
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EXHIBITS
 

Exhibit
Number
 
Description of Exhibit
 
Incorporated by reference from
CompuCredit Holding Corporation’s SEC filings unless otherwise indicated:
         
31.1
 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
 
Filed herewith
31.2
 
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a).
 
Filed herewith
32.1
 
Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
 
Filed herewith
 

 

 
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

       
   
COMPUCREDIT HOLDINGS CORPORATION
       
August 6, 2010
 
By
/s/ J.PAUL WHITEHEAD, III
     
J.Paul Whitehead, III
     
Chief Financial Officer
     
(duly authorized officer and principal financial officer)