UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018

OR

For the transition period from                  to                 

Commission file number 001-34504

ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

469-535-8200

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes ☒    No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes ☒    No ☐.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ☐    No ☒.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Common Stock $0.001 par value

Shares outstanding at October 31, 2018: 13,098,355

ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

INDEX

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017

(Amounts and Shares in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

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ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

(Amounts and Shares in Thousands, Except Per Share Data)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

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ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018

(Amounts and Shares in Thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

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ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017

(Amounts in Thousands)

(Unaudited)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

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ADDUS HOMECARE CORPORATION

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1. Nature of Operations, Consolidation, and Presentation of Financial Statements

Addus HomeCare Corporation (“Holdings”) and its subsidiaries (together with Holdings, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) operate as three segments as a multi-state provider of personal care, hospice and home health services in the home. The Company’s personal care segment provides non-medical assistance with activities of daily living, primarily to persons who are at risk of hospitalization or institutionalization, such as the elderly, chronically ill or disabled. The Company’s hospice segment provides physical, emotional and spiritual care for people who are terminally ill as well as for their families. The Company’s home health segment provides services that are primarily medical in nature to individuals who may require assistance during an illness or after surgery and include skilled nursing and physical, occupational and speech therapy.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2017 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, which includes information and disclosures not included herein.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for the fair statement of our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented in conformity with GAAP. Our results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other interim period and have not been audited by our independent auditors.

Principles of Consolidation

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Addus HomeCare Corporation, and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company used the cost method to account for its investment in joint ventures in which it owned 10% equity interests. The Company sold such investments on October 1, 2017. See Note 3 “Gain on Sale of Assets” for additional information.

Reclassification of Prior Period Balances

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current-year presentation including the reporting of other long-term liabilities as a separate line item on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These reclassifications have no effect on the reported net income.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. ASU 2014-09 replaced most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2018, and elected to adopt using the modified retrospective method. See Note 2 for additional information regarding the adoption.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This standard amends and adjusts how cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. We adopted the standard on a retrospective basis on January 1, 2018. ASU 2016-15 did not have an impact on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which replaces existing leasing rules with a comprehensive lease measurement and recognition standard and expanded disclosure requirements. ASU 2016-02 will require lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as liabilities, with corresponding “right-of-use” assets and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, subject to early adoption. For income statement recognition

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purposes, leases will be classified as either a finance or an operating lease. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842) Targeted Improvements, which amends ASU 2016-02 to provide an additional transition method option. Under the new transition method, an entity initially applies the new lease standard at the adoption date, versus at the beginning of the earliest period presented, and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Upon initial evaluation, the Company believes that the new standard will have a material impact on its consolidated balance sheets but it will not affect its liquidity. The Company has secured new software to account for the change in accounting for leases and is currently assessing the impact of adopting this standard.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. Under the new standard, entities holding financial assets and net investment in leases that are not accounted for at fair value through net income are to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. An allowance for credit losses will be a valuation account that will be deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. ASU 2016-13 is effective as of January 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-13.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The new guidance eliminates the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill (i.e., Step 2 of the current goodwill impairment test) to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value (i.e., measure the charge based on the current Step 1). ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual and any interim impairment tests for periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this standard.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract. ASU 2018-15 requires customers in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract to follow the internal-use software guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as assets or expense as incurred. The ASU is effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this standard.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The Company adopted the standard using the modified retrospective approach and did not record a cumulative catch-up adjustment as the timing and measurement of revenue for the Company’s customers is similar to its prior revenue recognition model. However, the majority of what historically was classified as provision for doubtful accounts expense under operating expenses is now treated as an implicit price concession factored into net service revenues.

Personal Care

The majority of the Company’s net service revenues are generated from providing personal care services directly to consumers under contracts with state, local and other governmental agencies, managed care organizations, commercial insurers and private consumers. Generally, these contracts, which are negotiated based on current contracting practices as appropriate for the payor, establish the terms of a customer relationship and set the broad range of terms for services to be performed at a stated rate. However, the contracts do not give rise to rights and obligations until an order is placed with the Company. When an order is placed, it creates the performance obligation to provide a defined quantity of service hours, or authorized hours, per consumer. The Company satisfies its performance obligations over time, given that consumers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits provided by the Company as the services are performed. As the Company has a right to consideration from customers commensurate with the value provided to customers from the performance completed over a given invoice period, the Company has elected to use the practical expedient for measuring progress toward satisfaction of performance obligations and recognizes patient service revenue in the amount to which the Company has a right to invoice.

Hospice Revenue

The Company generates net service revenues from providing hospice services to consumers who are terminally ill as well as for their families. Net service revenues are recognized as services are provided and costs for delivery of such services are incurred. The estimated payment rates are daily rates for each of the levels of care the Company delivers. Hospice companies are subject to two specific payment limit caps under the Medicare program each federal fiscal year, the inpatient cap and the aggregate cap. The inpatient cap limits the number of inpatient care days provided to no more than 20% of the total days of hospice care provided for the year. The aggregate cap limits the amount of Medicare reimbursement a hospice may receive, based on the number of Medicare patients served. For federal fiscal year 2018, which ended September 30, 2018, the Company was below the payment limits and did not record a cap liability.

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Home Health Revenue

The Company also generates net service revenues from providing home healthcare services directly to consumers under contracts with Medicare. Generally, these contracts, which are negotiated based on current contracting practices as appropriate for the payor, establish the terms of a relationship and set the broad range of terms for services to be performed on an episodic basis at a stated rate. Home health Medicare services are paid under the Medicare Home Health Prospective Payment System (“HHPPS”), which is based on 60 day episodes of care. The HHPPS permits multiple, continuous episodes per patient. Medicare payment rates for episodes under HHPPS vary based on the severity of the patient’s condition as determined by the Company’s assessment of a patient’s Home Health Resource Group score. The Company elects to use the same 60-day length of episode that Medicare recognizes as standard but accelerates revenue upon discharge to align with a patient’s episode length if less than the expected 60 days, which depicts the transfer of services and related benefits received by the patient over the term of the contract necessary to satisfy the obligations. The Company recognizes revenue based on the number of days elapsed during an episode of care within the reporting period. The Company satisfies its performance obligations as consumers receive and consume the benefits provided by the Company as the services are performed. As the Company has a right to consideration from Medicare commensurate with the services provided to customers from the performance completed over a given episodic period, the Company has elected to use the practical expedient for measuring progress toward satisfaction of performance obligations. Under this method recognizing revenue ratably over the episode based on beginning and ending dates is a reasonable proxy for the transfer of benefit of the service.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

For 2017, the Company established its allowance for doubtful accounts to the extent it was probable that a portion or all of a particular account will not be collected. The Company established its provision for doubtful accounts primarily by reviewing the creditworthiness of significant customers and through evaluations over the collectability of the receivables. An allowance for doubtful accounts was maintained at a level that the Company’s management believed was sufficient to cover potential losses.

In 2018, subsequent adjustments that are determined to be the result of an adverse change in the payor’s ability to pay are recognized as bad debt expense due to the adoption of ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company recorded $2.4 million and $6.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 as a reduction to revenue that would have been recorded as bad debt expense under the prior revenue recognition guidance.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the related assets by use of the straight-line method. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The estimated useful lives of the property and equipment are as follows:

Goodwill

The Company’s carrying value of goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired from various acquisitions. In accordance with ASC Topic 350, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized. The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis, as of October 1, or whenever potential impairment triggers occur, such as a significant change in business climate or regulatory changes that would indicate that an impairment may have occurred. The Company may use a qualitative test, known as “Step 0,” or a two-step quantitative method to determine whether impairment has occurred. In Step 0, the Company can elect to perform an optional qualitative analysis and based on the results skip the two-step analysis. In 2017, the Company elected to implement Step 0 and was not required to conduct the remaining two-step analysis. The results of the Company’s Step 0 assessments indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit exceeded its carrying value and therefore the Company concluded that there were no impairments for the year ended December 31, 2017. No impairment charges were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 or 2017.

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Intangible Assets

The Company’s identifiable intangible assets consist of customer and referral relationships, trade names, trademarks, non-competition agreements and state licenses. Amortization is computed using straight-line and accelerated methods based upon the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, which range from two to twenty-five years.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the estimated economic benefit method over the useful life and assessed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company would recognize an impairment loss when the estimated future non-discounted cash flows associated with the intangible asset is less than the carrying value. An impairment charge would then be recorded for the excess of the carrying value over the fair value. No impairment charge was recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

The Company uses various valuation techniques to determine fair value of its intangible assets, including relief-from-royalty, income approach, discounted cash flow analysis, and multi-period excess earnings, which use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by the fair value hierarchy. Under these valuation approaches, we are required to make estimates and assumptions about future market growth and trends, forecasted revenue and costs, expected periods over which the assets will be utilized, appropriate discount rates and other variables. The Company bases its fair value estimates on assumptions the Company believes to be reasonable but which are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates.

Debt Issuance Costs

The Company amortizes debt issuance costs on a straight-line method over the term of the related debt. This method approximates the effective interest method. The Company has classified the debt issuance costs as current portion of long-term debt or long-term debt, less current portion as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

Workers’ Compensation Program

The Company’s workers’ compensation insurance program has a $0.4 million deductible component. The Company recognizes its obligations associated with this program in the period the claim is incurred. The cost of both the claims reported and claims incurred but not reported, up to the deductible, have been accrued based on historical claims experience, industry statistics and an actuarial analysis performed by an independent third party. The Company monitors its claims quarterly and adjusts its reserves accordingly. These costs are recorded primarily as the cost of services on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company recorded $14.8 million and $12.6 million, respectively, in accrued workers’ compensation insurance. The accrued workers’ compensation insurance is included in accrued expenses on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company recorded $1.4 million and $0.5 million, respectively, in workers’ compensation insurance recovery receivables. The workers’ compensation insurance recovery receivable is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Interest Income

Illinois law entitles designated service program providers to receive a prompt payment interest penalty based on qualifying services approved for payment that remain unpaid after a designated period of time. The Company accounted for the interest income in accordance with ASC 606. The interest income was recognized when the State of Illinois approved a prompt payment interest penalty during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, removing the constraint related to the amount and intent to pay the prompt payment interest. For the three months ended September 30, 2018, the Company did not receive any prompt payment interest. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company received $2.3 million in prompt payment interest and reported it in its Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as interest income. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company did not receive any prompt payment interest. While the Company may be owed additional prompt payment interest in the future, the amount, timing, and intent to provide receipt of such payments remains uncertain, and the Company will continue to recognize prompt payment interest income upon satisfaction of these constraints.

Interest Expense

The Company’s interest expense consists of interest and unused credit line fees on its credit facilities, interest on its capital lease obligations, and amortization and write-off of debt issuance costs, which is reported in the statement of income when incurred.

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Other Income

Other income consisted of income distributions received from investments in joint ventures. The Company accounted for this income in accordance with ASC Topic 325, Investments—Other. The Company recognized the net accumulated earnings only to the extent distributed by the joint ventures on the date received. The Company subsequently sold these equity investments on October 1, 2017 (see Note 3).

Income Tax Expense

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. The objective of accounting for income taxes is to recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in its financial statements or tax returns. Deferred taxes, resulting from differences between the financial and tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities, are also adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. ASC Topic 740 also requires that deferred tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. ASC Topic 740 also prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for recording in the financial statements uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. In addition, ASC Topic 740 provides guidance on derecognition, classification, accounting in interim periods and disclosure requirements for uncertain tax positions.

Stock-based Compensation

The Company currently has one stock incentive plan, the 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), under which new grants of stock-based employee compensation may be made. In addition, the Company has outstanding awards under its 2009 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Stock Compensation. Under the 2017 Plan, compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the equity awards based on the grant date fair value of the options and restricted stock awards. The Company uses the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model to value the Company’s options. The determination of the fair value of stock-based payments utilizing the Black-Scholes Model is affected by the Company’s stock price and a number of assumptions, including expected volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected term, and expected dividends yield. Stock-based compensation expense was $1.1 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively and $3.0 million and $1.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Diluted Net Income Per Common Share

Diluted net income per common share, calculated on the treasury stock method, is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period. The Company’s outstanding securities that may potentially dilute the common stock are stock options and restricted stock awards.

Included in the Company’s calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 were approximately 708,000 stock options outstanding, of which approximately 307,000 and 213,000 respectively, were dilutive. In addition, there were approximately 148,000 restricted stock awards outstanding 83,000 and 83,000 of which were dilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Included in the Company’s calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 were approximately 479,000 stock options outstanding, of which approximately 102,000 and 102,000 respectively, were dilutive. In addition, there were approximately 148,000 restricted stock awards outstanding 43,000 and 50,000 of which were dilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively.

Shareholders’ Equity

On August 20, 2018, the Company, together with Eos Capital Partners III, L.P. (the “Selling Stockholder”) completed a secondary public offering of an aggregate 2,100,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share at a purchase price per share to the public of $59.00. Pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Underwriting Agreement, 1,075,267 shares of Common Stock were issued and sold by the Company (the “Primary Shares”) and 1,024,733 shares of Common Stock were sold by the Selling Stockholder (the “Secondary Shares”). The Company received net proceeds of approximately $59.1 million from the sale of 1,075,267 Primary Shares. On August 22, 2018, the underwriters exercised their full over-allotment option in connection with the offering and, as a result, the Company issued and sold an additional 315,000 shares of common stock to the underwriters at the Public Offering Price, less the underwriting discount. The over-allotment resulted in additional net proceeds to the Company of approximately $17.5 million. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, including to potentially fund a portion of any future acquisitions that the Company may complete. The Company did not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Secondary Shares. The secondary offering resulted in an increase to additional paid in capital of approximately $76.6 million, net of issuance costs of $5.4 million, on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2018.

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Estimates

The financial statements are prepared by management in conformity with GAAP and include estimated amounts and certain disclosures based on assumptions about future events. The Company’s critical accounting estimates include the following areas: the implicit price concessions factored into net service revenues, allowance for doubtful accounts, reserve for self-insurance claims, accounting for stock-based compensation, accounting for income taxes, business combinations and when required, the quantitative assessment of goodwill. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash, accounts receivable, payables and debt. The carrying amounts reported on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying value of the Company’s long-term debt with variable interest rates approximates fair value based on instruments with similar terms using level 2 inputs as defined under ASC Topic 820 Fair Value Measurement.

The Company applies fair value techniques on a non-recurring basis associated with valuing potential impairment losses related to goodwill, if required, and indefinite-lived intangible assets and also when determining the fair value of contingent consideration, if applicable. To determine the fair value in these situations, the Company uses Level 3 inputs, under ASC Topic 820 and defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists; therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as discounted cash flows, or if available, what a market participant would pay on the measurement date.

The Company uses various valuation techniques to determine fair value of its intangible assets, including relief-from-royalty, income approach, discounted cash flow analysis, and multi-period excess earnings, which use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by the fair value hierarchy. Under these valuation approaches, we are required to make estimates and assumptions about future market growth and trends, forecasted revenue and costs, expected periods over which the assets will be utilized, appropriate discount rates and other variables.

Going Concern

In connection with the preparation of the financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company conducted an evaluation as to whether there were conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, which raised substantial doubt as to the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date of the issuance, or the date of availability, of the financial statements to be issued. The evaluation concluded that there did not appear to be evidence of substantial doubt of the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern.

3. Gain on Sale of Assets

Given the Company’s focus on providing services to consumers in their homes, effective March 1, 2017, the Company ceased the adult day services business and completed its sale of substantially all of the assets used in three adult day services centers in Illinois. The Company received proceeds of approximately $2.4 million and recorded a pre-tax gain of $2.1 million on the sale of the three adult day services centers.

On October 1, 2017, the Company sold its 10% membership interests in two joint ventures with LHC Group, Inc., which were previously reported as Investments in joint ventures on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2017. The Company received proceeds of approximately $1.3 million and recorded a pre-tax gain of $0.4 million on the sale of its membership interests.

4. Acquisitions

On May 1, 2018, the Company completed its acquisition of all the outstanding securities of Ambercare Corporation (“Ambercare”). The purchase price was approximately $39.6 million plus the amount of excess cash held by Ambercare at closing (approximately $12.0 million). The purchase of Ambercare was funded by a delayed draw term loan under the Company’s credit facility. With the purchase of Ambercare, the Company expanded its personal care operations and acquired hospice and home health operations in the State of New Mexico. Following this acquisition the Company operates a hospice segment and home health segment. The related acquisition costs, included in general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, were $0.8 million and $1.4 million, for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2018, respectively, and were expensed as incurred. The results of Ambercare are included on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of the acquisition.

The Company’s acquisition of Ambercare has been accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, and the resulting goodwill and other intangible assets was accounted for under ASC Topic 350, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The acquisition was recorded at its fair value as of May 1, 2018. Under business combination accounting, the Ambercare purchase price was $51.6 million and was allocated to Ambercare’s net tangible and identifiable

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intangible assets based on their estimated fair values. Based upon management’s valuation, which is preliminary and subject to completion of working capital adjustments, the total purchase price has been allocated as follows:

Management’s assessment of qualitative factors affecting goodwill for Ambercare includes estimates of market share at the date of purchase, ability to grow in the market, synergy with existing Company operations, and the payor profile in the market.

The Company acquired the outstanding stock of Ambercare. Identifiable intangible assets acquired consist of trade names, customer relationships and state licenses (see Note 2 for estimated useful lives of the Company’s identifiable intangible assets). The preliminary estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets was determined, using Level 3 inputs as defined under ASC Topic 820, with the assistance of a valuation specialist. The goodwill and intangible assets acquired are non-deductible for tax purposes.

The Ambercare acquisition accounted for $13.4 million and $22.6 million of net service revenues and $2.0 million and $3.8 million of net income prior to corporate allocation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

On April 1, 2018, the Company acquired certain assets of Arcadia Home Care & Staffing (“Arcadia”), expanding its personal care services. The total consideration for the transaction was $18.9 million and was funded by a delayed draw term loan under the Company’s credit facility. The related acquisition costs, included in general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, were $0.8 million and $1.4 million for the three and nine months ending September 30, 2018, respectively, and were expensed as incurred. The results of operations from this acquired entity are included in the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of the acquisition.

The Company’s acquisition of Arcadia has been accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 805 and the resulting goodwill and other intangible assets was accounted for under ASC Topic 350. The acquisition was recorded at its fair value as of April 1, 2018. Under business combination accounting, the Arcadia purchase price was $18.9 million and was allocated to Arcadia’s net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values. Based upon management’s valuation, which is preliminary and subject to completion of working capital and other adjustments, the total purchase price has been allocated as follows:

Management’s assessment of qualitative factors affecting goodwill for Arcadia includes estimates of market share at the date of purchase, ability to grow in the market, synergy with existing Company operations, and the payor profile in the market.

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Identifiable intangible assets acquired consist of trade name, customer relationships and state licenses (see Note 2 for estimated useful lives of the Company’s identifiable intangible assets). The preliminary estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets was determined, using Level 3 inputs as defined under ASC Topic 820, with the assistance of a valuation specialist. The goodwill and intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

The Arcadia acquisition accounted for $10.9 million and $21.7 million of net service revenues and $1.6 million and $3.2 million of net income prior to corporate allocation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

In September 2018, the Company acquired certain assets of affiliate branches of Arcadia for $0.6 million using cash on hand, the Company recorded goodwill of $0.6 million on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Goodwill generated from the acquisition is primarily attributable to expected synergies with existing Company operations and the goodwill and intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes. Pro forma results of the operations related to the acquisition are not included in the pro forma presentation as they are not material to the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company acquired certain assets of LifeStyle Options, Inc. (“LifeStyle”) in order to expand private pay services in Illinois. The total consideration for the transaction was $4.1 million, comprised of $3.3 million in cash and $0.8 million, representing the preliminary estimated fair value of contingent consideration, subject to the achievement of certain performance targets set forth in an earn-out agreement. The related acquisition costs, included in general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, were $48,000 and were expensed as incurred. The results of operations from this acquired entity are included in the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of the acquisition.

The Company’s acquisition of LifeStyle has been accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 805 and the resulting goodwill and other intangible assets was accounted for under ASC Topic 350. The acquisition was recorded at its fair value as of January 1, 2018. Under business combination accounting, the LifeStyle purchase price was $4.1 million and was allocated to LifeStyle’s net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values. Based upon management’s valuation, the total purchase price has been allocated as follows:

Management’s assessment of qualitative factors affecting goodwill for LifeStyle includes estimates of market share at the date of purchase, ability to grow in the market, synergy with existing Company operations, and the payor profile in the market.

Identifiable intangible assets acquired consist of trade name and customer relationships (see Note 2 for estimated useful lives of the Company’s identifiable intangible assets). The estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets was determined, using Level 3 inputs as defined under ASC Topic 820, with the assistance of a valuation specialist. The goodwill and intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

The LifeStyle acquisition accounted for $1.5 million and $4.5 million of net service revenues and $0.1 million and $0.4 million of net income prior to corporate allocation for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Effective October 1, 2017, the Company acquired certain assets of Community Partnered Resources, Inc. d/b/a Sun Cities Caregivers and d/b/a Sun Cities Homecare (“Sun Cities”), in the State of Arizona, to enhance operations in a target market. The total consideration for the transaction was comprised of $2.3 million in cash. The related acquisition costs, included in general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, were $0.2 million and were expensed as incurred. The results of operations from this acquired entity are included in the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of the acquisition.

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The Company’s acquisition of Sun Cities has been accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 805 and the resulting goodwill and other intangible assets was accounted for under ASC Topic 350. The acquisition was recorded at its fair value as of October 1, 2017. Under business combination accounting, the Sun Cities purchase price was $2.3 million and was allocated to net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of Sun Cities based on their estimated fair values. Based upon management’s valuation, the total purchase price has been allocated as follows:

Management’s assessment of qualitative factors affecting goodwill for Sun Cities includes estimates of market share at the date of purchase, ability to grow in the market, synergy with existing Company operations, and the payor profile in the market.

Identifiable intangible assets acquired consist of trade name and customer relationships (see Note 2 for estimated useful lives of the Company’s identifiable intangible assets). The estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets was determined, using Level 3 inputs as defined under ASC Topic 820, with the assistance of a valuation specialist. The goodwill and intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

The Sun Cities acquisition accounted for $0.7 million and $1.8 million of net service revenues and $0.1 million of net income prior to corporate allocation for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

On April 24, 2017, the Company entered into a definitive securities purchase agreement with HB Management Group, Inc. to purchase Options Services, Inc. d/b/a Options Home Care (“Options Home Care”). On August 1, 2017, the Company completed its acquisition of all the outstanding securities of Options Home Care for a total purchase price of $22.6 million. Options Home Care was a provider of personal care services in more than 20 counties in New Mexico and the acquisition expanded the footprint of the Company’s existing operations in the state. The related acquisition costs, included in general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, were $0.8 million and were expensed as incurred. The results of Options Home Care are included on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of the acquisition.

The Company’s acquisition of Options Home Care has been accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 805 and the resulting goodwill and other intangible assets was accounted for under ASC Topic 350. The acquisition was recorded at its fair value as of August 1, 2017. Under business combination accounting, the Options purchase price was $22.6 million and was allocated to Options Home Care’s net tangible and identifiable intangible assets based on their estimated fair values. Based upon management’s valuation, the total purchase price has been allocated as follows:

Management’s assessment of qualitative factors affecting goodwill for Options Home Care includes estimates of market share at the date of purchase, ability to grow in the market, synergy with existing Company operations, and, the payor profile in the market.

Identifiable intangible assets acquired consist of trade names and customer relationships (see Note 2 for estimated useful lives of the Company’s identifiable intangible assets). The estimated fair value of identifiable intangible assets was determined with the assistance of a valuation specialist. The goodwill and intangible assets acquired are deductible for tax purposes.

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The Options Home Care acquisition accounted for $4.5 million and $3.3 million of net service revenues and $0.9 million and $0.2 million of net income prior to corporate allocation for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively and accounted for $13.4 million and $3.3 million of net service revenues and $2.4 million and $0.2 million of net income prior to corporate allocation for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

The following table contains unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated income statement information of the Company had the acquisitions of Ambercare, Arcadia, LifeStyle, Sun Cities and Options Home Care closed on January 1, 2017.

The pro forma disclosures in the table above include adjustments for amortization of intangible assets, tax expense and acquisition costs to reflect results that are more representative of the combined results of the transactions as if Ambercare, Arcadia, LifeStyle, Sun Cities and Options Home Care had been acquired effective January 1, 2017. This pro forma information is presented for illustrative purposes only and may not be indicative of the results of operations that would have actually occurred. In addition, future results may vary significantly from the results reflected in the pro forma information. The unaudited pro forma financial information does not reflect the impact of future events that may occur after the acquisition, such as anticipated cost savings from operating synergies.

5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

A summary of the goodwill activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 is provided below:

The Company’s identifiable intangible assets consist of customer and referral relationships, trade names, trademarks, non-competition agreements and state licenses. Amortization is computed using straight-line and accelerated methods based upon the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, which range from two to twenty-five years.

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The carrying amount and accumulated amortization of each identifiable intangible asset category consisted of the following as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:

Amortization expense related to the identifiable intangible assets amounted to $1.9 million and $4.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, and $1.2 million and $3.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. Goodwill is not amortized pursuant to ASC Topic 350.

6. Details of Certain Balance Sheet Accounts

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following:

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

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7. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following:

Capital Leases

On May 1, 2018, with the acquisition of Ambercare, the Company acquired the remainder of a capital lease with Ford Motor Credit Company LLC. The 48-month capital lease was originally entered into on June 27, 2016. The underlying assets are included in “Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization” in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. This capital lease obligation requires monthly payments through August 2020 and has an implicit interest rate of 6.88%.

On July 12, 2014, September 11, 2014 and April 13, 2015, the Company executed three 48-month capital lease agreements for $2.7 million, $1.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, with First American Commercial Bancorp, Inc. The capital leases were entered into to finance property and equipment at the Company’s support center in Downers Grove, IL. The underlying assets are included in “Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization” in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These capital lease obligations require monthly payments through September 2019 and have implicit interest rates that range from 3.0% to 3.6%. At the end of the term, the Company has the option to purchase the assets for $1 per lease agreement.

Effective October 1, 2016, the Company entered into a 25-month capital lease agreement for $0.6 million with Meridian Leasing Corporation. The capital lease was entered into to finance property and equipment for the Company’s telephone system. The underlying assets are included in “Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization” in the accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. This capital lease obligation requires monthly payments through October 2018 and has an implicit interest rate of 11.1%. At the end of the term, the Company has the option to purchase the assets for $1 per lease agreement.

An analysis of the leased property under capital leases by major classes is as follows.

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The future minimum payments for capital leases as of September 30, 2018 are as follows:

Amended and Restated Senior Secured Credit Facility

On October 31, 2018, the Company amended and restated its existing Credit Agreement (the “New Credit Agreement”) with certain lenders and Capital One, National Association as a lender and swing line lender and as agent for all lenders. This amended and restated credit facility totals $269.6 million, inclusive of a $250.0 million revolving loan and a $19.6 million delayed draw term loan, and amends and restates the Company’s previous senior secured credit facility totaling $250.0 million. The maturity of this amended and restated credit facility is May 8, 2023, with borrowing under the delayed draw term loan available until January 31, 2019. Interest on the Company’s amended and restated credit facility may be payable at (x) the sum of (i) an applicable margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.50% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio plus (ii) a base rate equal to the greatest of (a) the rate of interest last quoted by The Wall Street Journal as the “prime rate,” (b) the sum of the federal funds rate plus a margin of 0.50% and (c) the sum of the adjusted LIBOR that would be applicable to a loan with an interest period of one month advanced on the applicable day (not to be less than 0.00%) plus a margin of 1.00% or (y) the sum of (i) an applicable margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.50% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio plus (ii) the offered rate per annum for similar dollar deposits for the applicable interest period that appears on Reuters Screen LIBOR01 Page (not to be less than zero). Swing loans may not be LIBOR loans. The availability of additional draws under this amended and restated credit facility is conditioned, among other things, upon (after giving effect to such draws) the Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the New Credit Agreement) not exceeding 3.75:1.00. In certain circumstances, in connection with a Material Acquisition (as defined in the New Credit Agreement), the Company can elect to increase its Total Net Leverage Ratio compliance covenant to 4.25:1.00 for the then current fiscal quarter and the three succeeding fiscal quarters. In connection with this amended and restated credit facility, the Company incurred approximately $1.1 million of debt issuance costs.

Addus HealthCare, Inc. (“Addus HealthCare”) is the borrower, and its parent, Holdings, and substantially all of Holdings’ subsidiaries are guarantors under this amended and restated credit facility, and it is secured by a first priority security interest in all of the Company’s and the other credit parties’ current and future tangible and intangible assets, including the shares of stock of the borrower and subsidiaries. The New Credit Agreement contains affirmative and negative covenants customary for credit facilities of this type, including limitations on the Company with respect to liens, indebtedness, guaranties, investments, distributions, mergers and acquisitions and dispositions of assets.

The Company pays a fee ranging from 0.20% to 0.35% based on the applicable senior net leverage ratio times the unused portion of the revolving portion of the amended and restated credit facility.

The New Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants regarding, among other things, the maintenance of records, compliance with laws, maintenance of permits, maintenance of insurance and property and payment of taxes. The New Credit Agreement also contains certain customary financial covenants and negative covenants that, among other things, include a requirement to maintain a minimum Interest Coverage Ratio (as defined in the New Credit Agreement), a requirement to stay below a maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the New Credit Agreement) and a requirement to stay below a maximum permitted amount of capital expenditures, as well as restrictions on guarantees, indebtedness, liens, investments and loans, subject to customary carve outs, a restriction on dividends (provided that Addus HealthCare may make distributions to the Company in an amount that does not exceed $7.5 million in any year absent of an event of default, plus limited exceptions for tax and administrative distributions), a restriction on the ability to consummate acquisitions (without the consent of the lenders) subject to compliance with the Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the New Credit Agreement), restrictions on mergers, dispositions of assets, and affiliate transactions, and restrictions on fundamental changes and lines of business.

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Senior Secured Credit Facility

Prior to October 31, 2018, the Company was party to a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with certain lenders and Capital One, N.A., as a lender and swing lender and as agent for all lenders. This credit facility totaled $250.0 million, replaced the Company’s previous senior secured credit facility totaling $125.0 million (“Terminated Senior Secured Credit Facility”, see description below for more details), and terminated the Second Amended and Restated Credit and Guaranty Agreement, dated as of November 10, 2015, as modified by the May 24, 2016 amendment (as amended, the “Terminated Senior Secured Credit Agreement”), between the Company, certain lenders and Fifth Third Bank, as agent, which evidenced the Terminated Senior Secured Credit Facility. The credit facility included a $125.0 million revolving loan, a $45.0 million term loan and an $80.0 million delayed draw term loan. The credit facility was to mature on May 8, 2022. Addus HealthCare was the borrower, with its parent, Holdings, and substantially all of Holdings’ subsidiaries being guarantors under the credit facility. The credit facility was secured by a first priority security interest in all of the Company’s and the other credit parties’ current and future tangible and intangible assets, including the shares of stock of the borrower and subsidiaries. The availability of additional draws under the revolving credit portion of the Company’s credit facility was conditioned, among other things, upon (after giving effect to such draws) the ratio of Consolidated Total Indebtedness (as defined in the Credit Agreement), less subordinated indebtedness, to Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement) not exceeding 4.25:1.00. In connection with the credit facility, the Company incurred $2.9 million of debt issuance costs.

Interest on the Company’s credit facility was payable at (x) the sum of (i) an applicable margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.25% based on the applicable senior leverage ratio plus (ii) a base rate equal to the greatest of (a) the rate of interest last quoted by The Wall Street Journal as the “prime rate,” (b) the sum of the federal funds rate plus a margin of 0.50% and (c) the sum of the adjusted LIBOR that would be applicable to a loan with an interest period of one month advanced on the applicable day (not to be less than 0.00%) plus a margin of 1.00% or (y) the sum of (i) an applicable margin ranging from 2.50% to 3.25% based on the applicable leverage ratio plus (ii) the offered rate per annum for the applicable interest period that appears on Reuters Screen LIBOR01 Page. Swing loans may not be LIBOR loans.

The Company paid a fee ranging from 0.25% to 0.50% based on the applicable leverage ratio times the unused portion of the revolving portion of the credit facility.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company drew a total of approximately $60.4 million on its delayed draw term loan under the credit facility to fund the acquisitions of Ambercare and Arcadia. The Company did not draw on the term loan during the three months ended September 30, 2018.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had a total of $103.2 million of term loans outstanding with an interest rate of 4.60% on the credit facility and the total availability under the revolving credit loan facility was $88.6 million.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had a total of $44.4 million of term loans outstanding with an interest rate of 3.86% on the credit facility and the total availability under the revolving credit loan facility was $105.1 million.

Terminated Senior Secured Credit Facility

Prior to May 8, 2017, the Company was a party to the Terminated Senior Secured Credit Agreement with certain lenders and Fifth Third Bank, as agent and letters of credit issuer. The Terminated Senior Secured Credit Facility provided a $100.0 million revolving line of credit, a delayed draw term loan facility of up to $25.0 million and an uncommitted incremental term loan facility of up to $50.0 million, which was to expire on November 10, 2020 and included a $35.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit. Substantially all of the subsidiaries of Holdings were co-borrowers, and Holdings had guaranteed the borrowers’ obligations under the Terminated Senior Secured Credit Facility. The Terminated Senior Secured Credit Facility was secured by a first priority security interest in all of Holdings’ and the borrowers’ current and future tangible and intangible assets, including the shares of stock of the borrowers.

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8. Income Taxes

A reconciliation of the statutory federal tax rate of 21.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 35.0% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 is summarized as follows:

On December 22, 2017, the President of the United States signed into law the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform Act”). The legislation significantly changes U.S. tax law by, among other things, lowering corporate income tax rates. The Tax Reform Act permanently reduces the U.S. corporate income tax rate from a maximum of 35.0% to a flat 21.0% rate, effective January 1, 2018. The effective income tax rate was 20.7% and 32.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The difference between our federal statutory and effective income tax rates are principally due to the inclusion of state taxes and the use of federal employment tax credits. A provisional valuation allowance increased $0.2 million and $0.4 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, as a result of the elimination of a performance based equity exception in calculating the $1.0 million limitation for 162(m) under the Tax Reform Act.

In December 2017, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Job Act, (“SAB 118”) to address the application of GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Reform Act. Additional work is necessary for a more detailed analysis of our deferred tax assets and liabilities as well as potential correlative adjustments. During the measurement period, impacts of the law are expected to be recorded at the time a reasonable estimate for all or a portion of the effects can be made and provisional amounts can be recognized and adjusted as information becomes available, prepared or analyzed. No additional estimated amounts were finalized during the quarter ending September 30, 2018.

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company is subject to legal and/or administrative proceedings incidental to its business. It is the opinion of management that the outcome of pending legal and/or administrative proceedings will not have a material effect on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

On January 20, 2016, the Company was served with a lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois against the Company and Cigna Corporation by Stop Illinois Marketing Fraud, LLC, a qui tam relator formed for the purpose of bringing this action. In the action, the plaintiff alleges, inter alia, violations of the federal False Claims Act relating primarily to allegations of violations of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute and allegedly, improper referrals of patients from the Company’s home care division to the Company’s home health business, substantially all of which was sold in 2013. The plaintiff seeks to recover damages, fees and costs under the federal False Claims Act including treble damages, civil penalties and its attorneys’ fees. The U.S. government has declined to intervene at this time. Plaintiff amended

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its complaint on April 4, 2016 to include additional allegations in support of its False Claims Act claims, including alleged violations of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute. The Company and Cigna Corporation filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on June 6, 2016. On February 3, 2017, the Court granted Cigna Corporation’s motion to dismiss in full, and granted the Company’s motion to dismiss in part, allowing Plaintiff another chance to amend its complaint. Plaintiff timely filed a second amended complaint on March 10, 2017, withdrawing its conspiracy claim under the Federal False Claims Act and adding an explicit claim under the Illinois False Claims Act for the same underlying kickback allegations. On April 7, 2017, the Company filed a partial motion to dismiss the Second Amended Complaint. On May 24, 2017, the State of Illinois filed notice that it was declining to intervene in the plaintiff’s claim under the Illinois False Claims Act. On March 21, 2018, the Court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss the Second Amended Complaint in part and narrowed the lawsuit to whether the federal False Claims Act was violated with respect to home health services provided at three senior living facilities in Illinois. The Company intends to defend the litigation vigorously and believes the case will not have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.

Employment Agreements

The Company has entered into employment agreements with certain members of senior management. The terms of these agreements are up to four years with the potential to auto-renew and include non-competition and nondisclosure provisions, as well as provide for defined severance payments in the event of termination.

A substantial percentage of the Company’s workforce is represented by the Service Employees International Union (“SEIU”). The Company has a national agreement with the SEIU. Wages and benefits are negotiated at the local level at various times throughout the year. These negotiations are often initiated when the Company receives increases in hourly rates from various state agencies. Upon expiration of these collective bargaining agreements, the Company may not be able to negotiate labor agreements on satisfactory terms with these labor unions.

10. Severance and Restructuring

In 2016, the Company initiated steps to streamline its operations. The Company incurred total expenses related to these initiatives of approximately $0.3 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1.4 million and $1.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. These costs are included in general and administrative expenses on the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The expenses recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 included costs related to terminated employees and other professional fees. The expenses recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 included costs related to terminated employees and fees related to the termination of professional service relationships. The Company expects some additional restructuring and other costs to occur, however, the amount and timing cannot be determined at this time.

The following provides the components of and changes in our severance and restructuring accruals: