Table of Contents

 

 

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-Q

 


 

(Mark One)

 

x                             QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the Quarterly Period Ended December 27, 2008

 

or

 

o                                TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from          to         

 

Commission File Number: 001-33962

 

COHERENT, INC.

 

Delaware

 

94-1622541

(State or other jurisdiction of

 

(I.R.S. Employer

incorporation or organization)

 

Identification No.)

 

5100 Patrick Henry Drive, Santa Clara, California 95054
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (408) 764-4000

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x  No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

 

Large accelerated filer o

 

Accelerated filer x

 

 Non-accelerated filer o

 

Smaller reporting company o

(do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No x

 

The number of shares outstanding of registrant’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, on January 28, 2009 was 24,350,880 shares

 

 

 



Table of Contents

 

COHERENT, INC.

 

INDEX

 

 

 

Page

Part I.

Financial Information

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Three months ended December 27, 2008 and December 29, 2007

4

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets December 27, 2008 and September 27, 2008

5

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Three months ended December 27, 2008 and December 29, 2007

6

 

 

 

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

7

 

 

 

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

22

 

 

 

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

35

 

 

 

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

36

 

 

 

Part II.

Other Information

 

 

 

 

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

38

 

 

 

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

39

 

 

 

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

51

 

 

 

Item 3.

Defaults upon Senior Securities

51

 

 

 

Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

51

 

 

 

Item 5.

Other Information

51

 

 

 

Item 6.

Exhibits

51

 

 

 

Signatures

 

52

 

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This quarterly report contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements included in or incorporated by reference in this quarterly report, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. These statements are generally accompanied by words such as “trend,” “may,” “will,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “rely,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “intend,” “potential,” “continue,” “forecast” or the negative of such terms, or other comparable terminology, including without limitation statements made under “Future Trends”, “Our Strategy”, discussions regarding our bookings and in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Forward-looking statements also include the assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing statements. Actual results of Coherent, Inc. (referred to herein as the Company, we, our or Coherent) may differ significantly from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed in the sections captioned “Future Trends,” “Risk Factors,” “Key Performance Indicators,” as well as any other cautionary language in this quarterly report. All forward-looking statements included in the document are based on information available to us on the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements as a result of events or circumstances or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or non-occurrence of anticipated events.

 

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PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

COHERENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27, 
2008

 

December 29, 
2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net sales

 

$

124,388

 

$

144,296

 

Cost of sales

 

73,999

 

83,802

 

Gross profit

 

50,389

 

60,494

 

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development

 

14,778

 

18,319

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

23,628

 

38,818

 

Impairment of goodwill

 

19,286

 

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

1,943

 

2,206

 

Total operating expenses

 

59,635

 

59,343

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

(9,246

)

1,151

 

Other income (expense)-net

 

(4,230

)

5,881

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

(13,476

)

7,032

 

Provision for income taxes

 

1,203

 

2,303

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(14,679

)

$

4,729

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

$

(0.61

)

$

0.15

 

Diluted

 

$

(0.61

)

$

0.15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares used in computation:

 

 

 

 

 

Basic

 

24,145

 

31,417

 

Diluted

 

24,145

 

31,959

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

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COHERENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited; in thousands, except par value)

 

 

 

December 27, 
2008

 

September 27, 
2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

185,235

 

$

213,826

 

Restricted cash

 

 

2,645

 

Short-term investments

 

14,644

 

4,268

 

Accounts receivable—net of allowances of $2,627 and $2,494, respectively

 

95,196

 

96,611

 

Inventories

 

117,973

 

120,519

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

45,855

 

41,793

 

Deferred tax assets

 

30,766

 

30,121

 

Total current assets

 

489,669

 

509,783

 

Property and equipment, net

 

102,465

 

100,996

 

Goodwill

 

65,166

 

86,818

 

Intangible assets, net

 

24,989

 

27,556

 

Other assets

 

78,628

 

81,230

 

Total assets

 

$

760,917

 

$

806,383

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings

 

$

 

$

 

Current portion of long-term obligations

 

8

 

9

 

Accounts payable

 

21,634

 

26,333

 

Income taxes payable

 

1,942

 

7,847

 

Other current liabilities

 

70,676

 

79,138

 

Total current liabilities

 

94,260

 

113,327

 

Long-term obligations

 

12

 

15

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

87,885

 

94,606

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock, par value $.01 per share:

 

 

 

 

 

Authorized—500,000 shares

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding—24,352 shares and 24,191 shares, respectively

 

242

 

241

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

182,801

 

177,646

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income

 

68,937

 

79,089

 

Retained earnings

 

326,780

 

341,459

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

578,760

 

598,435

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

760,917

 

$

806,383

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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COHERENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited; in thousands)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
 2008

 

December 29, 
2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(14,679

)

$

4,729

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

4,729

 

5,981

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

1,943

 

2,206

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(4,859

)

(3,385

)

Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment

 

155

 

(262

)

Stock-based compensation

 

1,753

 

2,260

 

Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation arrangements

 

(8

)

 

Impairment of goodwill

 

19,286

 

 

Non-cash restructuring and other (recoveries)

 

(244

)

 

Other non-cash expense

 

4

 

26

 

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

2,892

 

6,205

 

Inventories

 

(875

)

667

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

(3,482

)

(8,635

)

Other assets

 

6,722

 

(1,239

)

Accounts payable

 

(4,826

)

(598

)

Income taxes payable/receivable

 

(4,252

)

1,230

 

Other current liabilities

 

(7,057

)

2,536

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

(6,600

)

1,356

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

 

(9,398

)

13,077

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment

 

(8,911

)

(4,684

)

Proceeds from dispositions of property and equipment

 

826

 

9,824

 

Purchases of available-for-sale securities

 

(14,459

)

(51,529

)

Proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities

 

4,112

 

29,856

 

Proceeds from sale of business

 

 

6,519

 

Change in restricted cash

 

2,521

 

(25

)

Other—net

 

 

729

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(15,911

)

(9,310

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Repayment of capital lease obligations

 

(2

)

(3

)

Cash overdrafts decrease

 

(470

)

(24

)

Issuance of common stock under employee stock option and purchase plans

 

3,543

 

 

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation arrangements

 

8

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

3,079

 

(27

)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 

(6,361

)

1,128

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

(28,591

)

4,868

 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

 

213,826

 

315,927

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

 

$

185,235

 

$

320,795

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash paid during the period for:

 

 

 

 

 

Interest

 

$

75

 

$

98

 

Income taxes

 

$

10,443

 

$

5,145

 

Cash received during the period for:

 

 

 

 

 

Income taxes

 

$

14

 

$

377

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Unpaid property and equipment

 

$

1,554

 

$

872

 

Net retirement of restricted stock awards

 

$

24

 

$

 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

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COHERENT, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

1.    BASIS OF PRESENTATION

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the Coherent, Inc. (referred to herein as the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “Coherent”) consolidated financial statements and notes thereto filed on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 27, 2008. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation have been made and include only normal recurring adjustments. Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year. Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to September 30. Fiscal years 2009 and 2008 include 53 and 52 weeks, respectively.

 

Correction of an Error in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

In July 2008, we determined that the purchase and sale activity of securities classified as cash equivalents had been improperly included in the presentation of purchases and sales of investments within the investing section of the statement of cash flows within the captions “Purchases of available-for-sale securities” and “Proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities.” As a result, we have corrected this error in the accompanying statement of cash flows for the three months ended December 29, 2007 by removing the purchases, sales and maturities of the securities classified as cash equivalents from the amounts previously reported. The correction of the error does not change the net effect of these purchases, maturities and sales of available for sale securities within cash flows from investing activities. For the three months ended December 29, 2007, we previously reported purchases of available for sale securities of $151,939, which we have reduced by $100,410 of purchases related to cash equivalents to purchases of $51,529, as corrected.  We previously reported proceeds from sales and maturities of available-for-sale securities of $130,266, which we have reduced by $100,410 of sales and maturities related to cash equivalents to maturities and sales of $29,856, as corrected.

 

2.    RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

 

In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ratified the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”)’s Consensus for Issue No. 07-1, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements” (“EITF 07-1”), which defines collaborative arrangements and establishes reporting requirements for transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement and between participants in the arrangement and third parties. We adopted EITF 07-1 for our fiscal year beginning September 28, 2008. The adoption of EITF 07-1 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141 (revised 2007) “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”). SFAS 141(R) retains the fundamental requirements of the original pronouncement requiring that the purchase method be used for all business combinations. SFAS 141(R) defines the acquirer as the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the business combination, establishes the acquisition date as the date that the acquirer achieves control and requires the acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest at their fair values as of the acquisition date. SFAS 141(R) also requires that acquisition related costs be recognized separately from the acquisition and recorded as expense. SFAS 141(R) is effective for us for acquisitions after the beginning of our fiscal year 2010.

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. We adopted SFAS 157 in our first quarter of fiscal 2009. The adoption of SFAS 157 for financial assets and financial liabilities did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”) which delayed the effective date of SFAS 157 for all non-financial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. FSP 157-2 is effective for us for our fiscal year beginning October 4, 2009. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of those provisions of SFAS 157 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

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In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 expands the use of fair value accounting but does not affect existing standards, which require assets or liabilities to be carried at fair value. Under SFAS 159, a company may elect to use fair value to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities, on an instrument-by-instrument basis. If the fair value option is elected, unrealized gains and losses on existing items for which fair value has been elected are reported as a cumulative adjustment to beginning retained earnings. Subsequent to the adoption of SFAS 159, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. We adopted SFAS 159 in our first quarter of fiscal 2009. The adoption of SFAS 159 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of SFAS No. 133” (“SFAS 161”). This statement changes the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. SFAS 161 requires us to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why we use derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect our financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for our second quarter of fiscal 2009. We do not expect that the adoption of SFAS 161 will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

 

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. SFAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP SFAS 142-3”). FSP SFAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS 142”). The intent of FSP SFAS 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141R and other applicable accounting literature. FSP SFAS 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and must be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. We will evaluate the potential impact of FSP SFAS 142-3 on acquisitions on a prospective basis.

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162 “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“SFAS 162”). This statement is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy, for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP. This statement will be effective 60 days following the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendment to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” We do not expect that the adoption of SFAS 162 will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

 

3.              FAIR VALUE OF CASH EQUIVALENTS AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES

 

We measure our cash equivalents and marketable securities at fair value. The fair values of our financial assets and liabilities are determined using quoted market prices of identical assets or quoted market prices of similar assets from active markets. Level 1 valuations are obtained from real-time quotes for transactions in active exchange markets involving identical assets. Level 2 valuations are obtained from quoted market prices in active markets involving similar assets. Level 3 valuations would be based on unobservable inputs to a valuation model and include our own data about assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available under the circumstances; as of December 27, 2008, we did not have any assets or liabilities valued based on Level 3 valuations.

 

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Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value as of December 27, 2008 are summarized below (in thousands):

 

 

 

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets

 

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs

 

Total Fair
Value

 

 

 

(Level 1)

 

(Level 2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Money market fund deposits (1)

 

$

24,964

 

$

 

$

24,964

 

Certificates of deposit (2)

 

 

136,079

 

136,079

 

U.S. Treasury and agency obligations (3)

 

7

 

9,555

 

9,562

 

Corporate notes and obligations (4)

 

 

881

 

881

 

Commercial paper (5)

 

 

13,293

 

13,293

 

Foreign currency contracts (6)

 

 

996

 

996

 

Total net assets measured at fair value

 

$

24,971

 

$

160,804

 

$

185,775

 

 


(1)

 

Included in cash and cash equivalents on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(2)

 

Includes $132,335 recorded in cash and cash equivalents and $3,744 recorded in short-term investments on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(3)

 

Includes $1,825 recorded in cash and cash equivalents and $7,737 recorded in short-term investments on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(4)

 

Included in short-term investments on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(5)

 

Includes $11,011 recorded in cash and cash equivalents and $2,282 recorded in short-term investments on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

(6)

 

Includes $1,143 recorded in prepaid expenses and other assets and $147 recorded in other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

4.    REVENUE RECOGNITION

 

We recognize revenue when all four revenue recognition criteria have been met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered or the service has been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable and collection is probable. Revenue from product sales is recorded when all of the foregoing conditions are met and risk of loss and title passes to the customer. Our products typically include a warranty and the estimated cost of product warranty claims (based on historical experience) is recorded at the time the sale is recognized. Sales to customers are generally not subject to any price protection or return rights.

 

The vast majority of our sales are made to original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”), distributors, resellers and end-users in the non-scientific market. Sales made to these customers do not require installation of the products by us and are not subject to other post-delivery obligations, except in occasional instances where we have agreed to perform installation or provide training. In those instances, we defer revenue related to installation services or training until these services have been rendered. We allocate revenue from multiple element arrangements to the various elements based upon relative fair values.

 

Our sales to distributors, resellers and end-user customers typically do not have customer acceptance provisions and only certain of our sales to OEM customers have customer acceptance provisions. Customer acceptance is generally limited to performance under our published product specifications. For the few product sales that have customer acceptance provisions because of other than published specifications, (1) the products are tested and accepted by the customer at our site or by the customer’s acceptance of the results of our testing program prior to shipment to the customer, or (2) the revenue is deferred until customer acceptance occurs.

 

Sales to end-users in the scientific market typically require installation and, thus, involve post-delivery obligations; however, our post-delivery installation obligations are not essential to the functionality of our products. We defer revenue related to installation services until completion of these services.

 

For most products, training is not provided; therefore, no post-delivery training obligation exists. However, when training is provided to our customers, it is typically priced separately and is recognized as revenue after these services have been provided.

 

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5.    SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS

 

We consider all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. Marketable short-term investments in debt securities are classified and accounted for as available-for-sale securities and are valued based on quoted market prices in active markets involving similar assets. Investments classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, net of related income taxes, recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income (OCI) in stockholders’ equity until realized. Interest and amortization of premiums and discounts for debt securities are included in interest income. Gains and losses on securities sold are determined based on the specific identification method and are included in other income (expense).

 

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments consist of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 27, 2008

 

 

 

Cost Basis

 

Unrealized
Gains

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Fair Value

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

185,211

 

$

24

 

$

 

$

185,235

 

Short-term investments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial paper

 

$

2,281

 

$

1

 

$

 

$

2,282

 

Certificates of deposit

 

3,726

 

18

 

 

3,744

 

U.S. Treasury and agency obligations

 

7,724

 

15

 

(2

)

7,737

 

Corporate notes and obligations

 

889

 

2

 

(10

)

881

 

Total short-term investments

 

$

14,620

 

$

36

 

$

(12

)

$

14,644

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

September 27, 2008

 

 

 

Cost Basis

 

Unrealized
Gains

 

Unrealized
Losses

 

Fair Value

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

216,474

 

$

2

 

$

(5

)

$

216,471

 

Less: restricted cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,645

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

213,826

 

Short-term investments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Available-for-sale securities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial paper

 

$

1,496

 

$

 

$

 

$

1,496

 

Certificates of deposit

 

900

 

5

 

 

905

 

U.S. Treasury and agency obligations

 

607

 

5

 

 

612

 

Corporate notes and obligations

 

1,254

 

7

 

(6

)

1,255

 

Total short-term investments

 

$

4,257

 

$

17

 

$

(6

)

$

4,268

 

 

At September 27, 2008, $2.6 million of cash was restricted for remaining close out costs associated with our purchase of the remaining outstanding shares of Lambda Physik. The cash was paid during the first fiscal quarter and no cash was restricted as of December 27, 2008.

 

6.    GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests in certain circumstances, and written down when impaired.  During the three months ended December 27, 2008, our stock price declined substantially, which, after considering the underlying circumstances, we concluded represented a triggering event for review for potential goodwill impairment.  Accordingly, as of December 27, 2008, we have performed an interim goodwill impairment evaluation, as required under SFAS No. 142. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill is tested for impairment first by comparing each reporting unit’s fair value to its respective carrying value. If such comparison indicates a potential impairment, then the impairment is determined as the difference between the recorded value of goodwill and its fair value. The performance of this test is a two-step process.

 

Step 1 of the impairment test involves comparing the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their aggregate carrying values, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, we perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test to determine the amount of impairment loss. Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the implied fair value of the affected reporting unit’s goodwill against the carrying value of that goodwill.

 

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Table of Contents

 

The reporting units we evaluated for goodwill impairment have been determined to be the same as our operating segments in accordance with SFAS No. 142 for determining reporting units and include Commercial Lasers and Components (“CLC”) and Specialty Lasers and Systems (“SLS”).  We determined the fair value of our reporting units for the Step 1 test using a weighting of the Income (discounted cash flow), Market and Transaction approach valuation methodologies. We have completed Step 1 of the impairment test. Management has reviewed the results of the Step 1 analysis and concluded that a Step 2 analysis was required only for the CLC reporting unit. The preliminary results of the Step 2 assessment for CLC indicate that the entire balance of goodwill in the CLC reporting unit at that date is impaired.  The estimated fair value of our SLS reporting unit exceeded its carrying value so no further impairment analysis was required for this reporting unit.

 

We will finalize the Step 2 analysis for the CLC reporting unit during the second quarter of fiscal 2009 and make any necessary adjustments.

 

The non-cash impairment of goodwill of $19.3 million was recorded in the three months ended December 27, 2008.  The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the period from September 27, 2008 to December 27, 2008 are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Commercial
Lasers and
Components

 

Specialty
Lasers and
Systems

 

Total

 

Balance as of September 27, 2008

 

$

23,786

 

$

63,032

 

$

86,818

 

Reclassification (see Note 16)

 

(4,500

)

4,500

 

 

Estimated impairment loss

 

(19,286

)

 

(19,286

)

Translation adjustments and other

 

 

(2,366

)

(2,366

)

Balance as of December 27, 2008

 

$

 

$

65,166

 

$

65,166

 

 

Components of our amortizable intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 27, 2008

 

September 27, 2008

 

 

 

Gross
Carrying
Amount

 

Accumulated
Amortization

 

Net

 

Gross
Carrying
Amount

 

Accumulated
Amortization

 

Net

 

Existing technology

 

$

53,797

 

$

(34,358

)

$

19,439

 

$

54,615

 

$

(33,370

)

$

21,245

 

Patents

 

10,006

 

(7,968

)

2,038

 

10,496

 

(8,090

)

2,406

 

Drawings

 

1,366

 

(1,366

)

 

1,433

 

(1,433

)

 

Order backlog

 

4,824

 

(4,808

)

16

 

5,052

 

(5,034

)

18

 

Customer lists

 

5,324

 

(3,330

)

1,994

 

5,440

 

(3,253

)

2,187

 

Trade name

 

3,692

 

(2,248

)

1,444

 

3,861

 

(2,236

)

1,625

 

Non-compete agreement

 

2,378

 

(2,320

)

58

 

2,454

 

(2,379

)

75

 

Total

 

$

81,387

 

$

(56,398

)

$

24,989

 

$

83,351

 

$

(55,795

)

$

27,556

 

 

Amortization expense for intangible assets for the three months ended December 27, 2008 and December 29, 2007 was $1.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively. At December 27, 2008, estimated amortization expense for the remainder of fiscal 2009, the next five succeeding fiscal years and all fiscal years thereafter are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Estimated
Amortization
Expense

 

2009 (remainder)

 

$

5,780

 

2010

 

6,509

 

2011

 

5,022

 

2012

 

3,295

 

2013

 

1,984

 

2014

 

1,100

 

Thereafter

 

1,299

 

Total

 

$

24,989

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

7.    BALANCE SHEET DETAILS

 

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

September 27,
2008

 

Purchased parts and assemblies

 

$

39,574

 

$

36,919

 

Work-in-process

 

36,088

 

46,128

 

Finished goods

 

42,311

 

37,472

 

Inventories

 

$

117,973

 

$

120,519

 

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets consist of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

September 27,
2008

 

Prepaid and refundable income taxes

 

$

22,991

 

$

23,277

 

Prepaid expenses and other

 

22,864

 

18,516

 

Total prepaid expenses and other assets

 

$

45,855

 

$

41,793

 

 

Other assets consist of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

September 27,
2008

 

Assets related to deferred compensation arrangements

 

$

21,135

 

$

28,122

 

Deferred tax assets

 

54,568

 

50,208

 

Other assets

 

2,925

 

2,900

 

Total other assets

 

$

78,628

 

$

81,230

 

 

Other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

September 27,
2008

 

Accrued payroll and benefits

 

$

23,374

 

$

30,807

 

Reserve for warranty

 

12,061

 

13,214

 

Deferred income

 

10,838

 

12,096

 

Accrued expenses and other

 

9,413

 

12,252

 

Other taxes payable

 

8,824

 

4,858

 

Accrued restructuring charges

 

3,343

 

3,587

 

Customer deposits

 

2,823

 

2,324

 

Total other current liabilities

 

$

70,676

 

$

79,138

 

 

On April 16, 2008, we announced that we entered into an agreement to sell certain assets of our Auburn Optics (“Auburn”) manufacturing operation to Research Electro-Optics, Inc. (“REO”), a privately held optics manufacturing and technology company. We also entered into a strategic supply agreement with REO. REO will provide optical manufacturing capabilities for us, including fabrication and coating of optical components. The transition of the optics manufacturing assets from Auburn to REO is expected to be completed no later than the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2009. The transition has resulted in charges primarily for employee terminations, supplier qualification, moving costs for related equipment, and other exit related costs associated with a plan approved by management.

 

During fiscal 2008, we consolidated our German DPSS manufacturing into our Lübeck, Germany site. The transfer was completed in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008. On October 13, 2008, we announced the consolidation of the remainder of our Munich facility into our Göttingen site. The transfer is scheduled for completion by the end of our third quarter of fiscal 2009. The consolidation and transfers have resulted in charges primarily for employee terminations, other exit related costs associated with a plan approved by management and a grant repayment liability.

 

We recognize restructuring costs in accordance with SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities.” Restructuring charges in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 and 2008 are recorded in cost of sales, research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.

 

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Table of Contents

 

The following table presents our current liability as accrued on our balance sheet for restructuring charges.  The table sets forth an analysis of the components of the restructuring charges, payments made against the accrual and other provisions for the first quarter of fiscal 2009 and 2008 (in thousands):

 

 

 

Severance
Related

 

Facilities-
related
Charges

 

Other
Restructuring
Costs

 

Total

 

Balance at September 29, 2007

 

$

 

$

476

 

$

 

$

476

 

Provisions

 

 

 

 

 

Deductions

 

 

(476

)

 

(476

)

Balance at December 29, 2007

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at September 27, 2008

 

$

2,581

 

$

19

 

$

987

 

$

3,587

 

Provisions

 

2,884

 

192

 

1,011

 

4,087

 

Deductions

 

(2,921

)

(27

)

(1,383

)

(4,331

)

Balance at December 27, 2008

 

$

2,544

 

$

184

 

$

615

 

$

3,343

 

 

The current quarter severance related costs are primarily comprised of severance pay, outplacement services, medical and other related benefits for employees being terminated due to the transition of activities out of Auburn, California and Munich, Germany. The remaining severance related restructuring accrual balance of approximately $2.5 million at December 27, 2008 is expected to result in cash expenditures through the third quarter of fiscal 2009. The other restructuring costs are primarily for a grant repayment liability, project management fees and other exit related costs associated with a plan approved by management.

 

We provide warranties on certain of our product sales and allowances for estimated warranty costs are recorded during the period of sale. The determination of such allowances requires us to make estimates of product return rates and expected costs to repair or replace the products under warranty. We currently establish warranty reserves based on historical warranty costs for each product line. The weighted average period covered is nearly 15 months. If actual return rates and/or repair and replacement costs differ significantly from our estimates, adjustments to cost of sales may be required in future periods.

 

Components of the reserve for warranty costs during the first three months of fiscal 2009 and 2008 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

Beginning balance

 

$

13,214

 

$

13,660

 

Additions related to current period sales

 

3,651

 

5,654

 

Warranty costs incurred in the current period

 

(4,476

)

(5,584

)

Adjustments to accruals related to prior period sales

 

(328

)

74

 

Ending balance

 

$

12,061

 

$

13,804

 

 

Other long-term liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

September 27,
2008

 

Long-term taxes payable

 

$

46,859

 

$

45,343

 

Deferred compensation

 

21,324

 

28,459

 

Deferred tax liabilities

 

11,833

 

13,738

 

Deferred income

 

1,912

 

1,800

 

Asset retirement obligations liability

 

1,630

 

1,464

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

4,327

 

3,802

 

Total other long-term liabilities

 

$

87,885

 

$

94,606

 

 

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Table of Contents

 

The following table reconciles changes in our asset retirement obligations liability (in thousands):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

Beginning balance

 

$

1,464

 

$

1,256

 

Adjustment to asset retirement obligations recognized

 

354

 

(8

)

Accretion recognized

 

27

 

24

 

Changes due to foreign currency exchange

 

35

 

13

 

Ending balance

 

$

1,880

 

$

1,285

 

 

At December 27, 2008, $250,000 of the asset retirement liability is reported in other current liabilities and $1,630,000 is reported in other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.  At December 29, 2007, the asset retirement liability is reported in other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

8.              SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS

 

We have several lines of credit which allow us to borrow in the applicable local currency. At December 27, 2008, these foreign lines of credit totaled $18.2 million, of which $18.0 million was unused and available. These credit facilities were used in Europe during the first three months of fiscal 2009 as guarantees.  In addition, our domestic line of credit, which was opened on March 31, 2008, includes a $40 million unsecured revolving credit account with Union Bank of California, which expires on March 31, 2010 and is subject to covenants related to financial ratios and tangible net worth.  No amounts have been drawn upon our domestic line of credit as of December 27, 2008.

 

9.              STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

 

Stock-Based Benefit Plans

 

We have two Stock Option Plans for which all service providers are eligible participants and a non-employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan for which only non-employee directors are eligible participants. The Directors’ Stock Option Plan is designed to work automatically without administration, however to the extent administration is necessary, it will be performed by the Board of Directors (or an independent committee thereof). Under these three plans, we may grant options to purchase up to an aggregate of 5,500,000, 6,300,000 and 689,000 shares of common stock, respectively of which zero, 2,504,447 and 177,000 shares, respectively, remain available for grant at December 27, 2008. Employee options are generally exercisable between two and four years from the grant date at a price equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the date of the grant and generally vest 25% to 50% annually. The Company settles stock option exercises with newly issued shares of common stock. Grants under employee plans generally expire six years from the original grant date. Director options are automatically granted to our non-employee directors. Such directors initially receive a stock option for 24,000 shares exercisable over a three-year period and an award of restricted stock units of 2,000 shares. Additionally, the non-employee directors receive an annual stock option grant of 6,000 shares exercisable as to 50% of the shares on the day prior to each of the next two annual stockholder meetings. Grants under the Directors’ Stock Option Plan expire ten years from the original grant date. In addition, each non-employee director receives an annual grant of 2,000 shares of restricted stock units that vest on the day prior to the annual stockholder meeting held in the third calendar year following the date of grant.

 

Under one of our Stock Option Plans, certain employees and non-employee directors are eligible for grants of restricted stock awards and/or restricted stock units. Restricted stock awards and restricted stock units are independent of option grants and are subject to restrictions. All of the shares of restricted stock outstanding at December 27, 2008 are subject to forfeiture if employment terminates prior to the release of restrictions. During this period, ownership of the shares cannot be transferred. The service-based restricted awards generally vest three years from the date of grant. The Company granted performance-based restricted stock units during the second quarter of fiscal 2008 which have a single vesting measurement date of November 14, 2010, which vest as to anywhere between 0% and 300% of the targeted amount based upon achievement by the Company of (a) an annual revenue threshold amount and (b) adjusted EBITDA percentage targets. Restricted stock (not including performance-based restricted stock and restricted stock units) has the same cash dividend and voting rights as other common stock and is considered to be currently issued and outstanding. The cost of the awards and units, determined to be the fair market value of the shares at the date of grant, is expensed ratably over the period the restrictions lapse. We had 471,215 shares and units of restricted stock outstanding at December 27, 2008 and 341,015 shares and units of restricted stock outstanding at September 27, 2008.

 

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Table of Contents

 

We have an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) whereby eligible employees may authorize payroll deductions of up to 10% of their regular base salary to purchase shares at the lower of 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of commencement of the offering or on the last day of the six-month offering period. At December 27, 2008, 70,324 shares of our common stock were reserved for future issuance under the plan.

 

In the second quarter of fiscal 2007, the ESPP was suspended and employee contributions made to the ESPP were returned while a voluntary review of our historical stock option practices was conducted. The ESPP was reopened with an 8 month offering period ending October 31, 2008 and employees began making contributions during the second quarter of fiscal 2008.

 

SFAS 123(R)

 

In accordance with the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment,” (“SFAS 123(R)”), we recognize compensation expense for all share-based payment awards on a straight-line basis over the respective requisite service period of the awards.

 

Determining Fair Value

 

Valuation and amortization method—We estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing formula and a single option award approach. This fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period.

 

Expected Term—The expected term represents the period that our stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding and was determined based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior as influenced by changes to the terms of its stock-based awards.

 

Expected Volatility—Our computation of expected volatility is based on a combination of historical volatility and market-based implied volatility.

 

Risk-Free Interest Rate—The risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation method is based on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term.

 

Expected Dividend—The expected dividend assumption is based on our current expectations about our anticipated dividend policy.

 

The fair values of our stock options granted to employees and shares purchased under the stock purchase plan for the three months ended December 27, 2008 and December 29, 2007 were estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

 

 

Employee Stock Option Plans

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plans

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007 (1)

 

Expected life in years

 

4.0

 

3.5

 

0.5

 

 

Expected volatility

 

48

%

29.5

%

44.1

%

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

1.93

%

4.1

%

1.1

%

%

Expected dividends

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average fair value per share

 

$

9.10

 

$

9.01

 

$

6.95

 

$

 

 


(1)

During the second quarter of fiscal 2007, the stock purchase plan was suspended and employee contributions were returned while a voluntary review of our historical stock option practices was conducted; therefore there are no fair values for the first quarter of fiscal 2008. There was no activity under the ESPP during the first quarter of fiscal 2008. The ESPP reopened in March 2008.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Stock Compensation Expense

 

The following table shows total stock-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended December 27, 2008 and December 29, 2007 (in thousands):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

Cost of sales

 

$

283

 

$

385

 

Research and development

 

195

 

320

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

1,212

 

2,000

 

Income tax benefit

 

(537

)

(772

)

 

 

$

1,153

 

$

1,933

 

 

During the three months ended December 27, 2008, $0.2 million for all stock plans was capitalized into inventory, $0.3 million was amortized to cost of sales and $0.3 million remained in inventory at December 27, 2008. During the three months ended December 29, 2007, $0.3 million for all stock plans was capitalized into inventory, $0.2 million was amortized into cost of sales and $0.3 million remained in inventory at December 29, 2007.  As required by SFAS 123(R), management made an estimate of expected forfeitures and is recognizing compensation costs only for those equity awards expected to vest.

 

At December 27, 2008, the total compensation cost related to unvested stock-based awards granted to employees under the Company’s stock option plans but not yet recognized was approximately $11.5 million, net of estimated forfeitures of $1.6 million. This cost will be amortized on a straight-line basis over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.3 years and will be adjusted for subsequent changes in estimated forfeitures.

 

At December 27, 2008, total compensation cost related to options to purchase common shares under the ESPP but not yet vested was approximately $0.3 million, which will be recognized over the offering period.

 

In accordance with SFAS 123(R), the cash flows resulting from excess tax benefits (tax benefits related to the excess of proceeds from an employee’s exercises of stock options over the stock-based compensation cost recognized for those options) are classified as financing cash flows. During the first three months of fiscal 2009 and of fiscal 2008, we recorded an immaterial amount of excess tax benefits as cash flows from financing activities.

 

Stock Options & Awards Activity

 

The following is a summary of option activity for our Stock Option Plans (in thousands, except per share amounts and remaining contractual term in years):

 

 

 

Number of
Shares

 

Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
Per Share

 

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term in Years

 

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value

 

Outstanding at September 27, 2008

 

2,880

 

$

30.31

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

421

 

23.16

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

(9

)

25.37

 

 

 

 

 

Forfeitures

 

(2

)

32.95

 

 

 

 

 

Expirations

 

(28

)

30.38

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding at December 27, 2008

 

3,262

 

$

29.40

 

3.3

 

$

218

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vested and expected to vest at December 27, 2008

 

3,197

 

$

29.50

 

3.3

 

$

218

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercisable at December 27, 2008

 

2,406

 

$

30.01

 

2.4

 

$

218

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying options and the quoted price of our common stock for the 0.2 million outstanding options that were in-the-money at December 27, 2008. During the first quarter of fiscal 2009, the aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised under the Company’s stock option plans was less than $0.1 million, determined as of the date of option exercise. During the first quarter of fiscal 2008, no options were exercised under the Company’s stock option plans; therefore there was no intrinsic value.

 

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Table of Contents

 

The following table summarizes our restricted stock award and restricted stock unit activity for the first three months of fiscal 2009 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

Number of
Shares

 

Weighted
Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Share

 

Nonvested stock at September 27, 2008

 

341

 

$

29.70

 

Granted

 

159

 

23.11

 

Vested

 

(1

)

31.43

 

Forfeited

 

(28

)

32.95

 

Nonvested stock at December 27, 2008

 

471

 

$

27.29

 

 

10.      COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

We are subject to legal claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, such as product liability, employment or intellectual property claims, including, but not limited to, the matters described below. The outcome of any such matters is currently not determinable. Although we do not expect that such legal claims and litigation will ultimately have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations, an adverse result in one or more matters could negatively affect our results in the period in which they occur.

 

Derivative Lawsuits—Between February 15, 2007 and March 2, 2007, three purported shareholder derivative lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California against certain of Coherent’s current and former officers and directors. Coherent is named as a nominal defendant. The complaints generally allege that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties and violated the securities laws in connection with the granting of stock options, the accounting treatment for such grants, and the issuance of allegedly misleading public statements and stock sales by certain of the individual defendants. On May 29, 2007, these lawsuits were consolidated under the caption In re Coherent, Inc. Shareholder Derivative Litigation, Lead Case No. C-07-0955-JF (N.D. Cal.). On June 25, 2007, plaintiffs filed an amended consolidated complaint. The consolidated complaint asserts causes of action for alleged violations of federal securities laws, violations of California securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duty and/or aiding and abetting breaches of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, constructive fraud, corporate waste, unjust enrichment, insider selling and misappropriation of information. The consolidated complaint seeks, among other relief, disgorgement and damages in an unspecified amount, an accounting, rescission of allegedly improper stock option grants, punitive damages and attorneys’ fees and costs.  Motions to dismiss the consolidated complaint have been filed by defendants and the motions are presently scheduled to be heard by the court on March 13, 2009.

 

The Company’s Board of Directors has appointed a Special Litigation Committee (“SLC”) comprised of independent director Sandeep Vij to investigate and evaluate the claims asserted in the derivative litigation and to determine what action(s) should be taken with respect to the derivative litigation. The SLC’s investigation is ongoing.

 

Income Tax Audits—The Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) is conducting an audit of our 2003 and 2004 tax returns. The IRS has issued a number of Notices of Proposed Adjustments (“NOPAs”) to these returns. Among other items, the IRS has challenged our research and development credits and our extraterritorial income (“ETI”) exclusion. We have agreed to the various adjustments proposed by the IRS and we believe that we have adequately provided for these exposures and any other items identified by the IRS as a result of the audit of these tax years. As part of its audit of our 2003 and 2004 years, the IRS has requested information related to our stock option investigation and we intend to comply with this request and address any issues that are raised in a timely manner. The IRS has also indicated that it may consider an audit of our 2005 and 2006 tax returns and has requested stock option investigation information for these years.

 

The IRS is also auditing the research and development credits generated in the years 1999 through 2001 and carried forward to future tax years. We received a NOPA from the IRS in October 2008 to decrease the amount of research and development credits generated in years 2000 and 2001.  We responded to this NOPA and intend to dispute the adjustment with the IRS through the appeals process available to us.  While we believe that we have adequately provided for any adjustments that may be proposed by the IRS related to these credits, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our results of operations in the event that this issue is resolved unfavorably to us.

 

The German tax authorities are conducting an audit of our subsidiary in Göttingen for the tax years 1999 through 2005. We believe that we have adequately provided for any adjustments that may be proposed by the German tax authorities.

 

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11.       ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

 

The components of comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes, are as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(14,679

)

$

4,729

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

Translation adjustment

 

(10,161

)

3,186

 

Net gain on derivative instruments, net of taxes

 

2

 

1

 

Changes in unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities, net of taxes

 

7

 

154

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

 

(10,152

)

3,341

 

Comprehensive income (loss)

 

$

(24,831

)

$

8,070

 

 

The following summarizes activity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to derivatives, net of income taxes, held by us (in thousands):

 

Balance, September 30, 2007

 

$

(98

)

Changes in fair value of derivatives

 

 

Net losses reclassified from OCI

 

1

 

Balance, December 29, 2007

 

$

(97

)

 

 

 

 

Balance, September 27, 2008

 

$

(93

)

Changes in fair value of derivatives

 

 

Net losses reclassified from OCI

 

2

 

Balance, December 27, 2008

 

$

(91

)

 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (net of tax) at December 27, 2008 is comprised of accumulated translation adjustments of $69.0 million and net loss on derivative instruments of $0.1 million. Accumulated other comprehensive income (net of tax) at September 27, 2008 is comprised of accumulated translation adjustments of $79.2 million and net loss on derivative instruments of $0.1 million.

 

12.  EARNINGS PER SHARE

 

Basic earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period, excluding unvested restricted stock. Diluted earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period increased by the effect of dilutive employee stock awards, including stock options, restricted stock awards and stock purchase contracts, using the treasury stock method.

 

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The following table presents information necessary to calculate basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share data):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,

 

December 29,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Weighted average shares outstanding —basic (1)

 

24,145

 

31,417

 

Dilutive effect of employee stock awards

 

 

542

 

Weighted average shares outstanding—diluted

 

24,145

 

31,959

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

(14,679

)

$

4,729

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per basic share

 

$

(0.61

)

$

0.15

 

Net income (loss) per diluted share

 

$

(0.61

)

$

0.15

 

 


(1)   Net of restricted stock

 

As the Company incurred a net loss for the first quarter of fiscal 2009, potential dilutive securities from stock options, employee stock purchase plan and restricted stock awards have been excluded from the diluted net loss per share computation as their effects were deemed anti-dilutive.  A total of 2,519,135 potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the dilutive share calculation for the first quarter of fiscal 2008 as their effect was anti-dilutive.

 

13.  STOCK REPURCHASE

 

On February 12, 2008, the Company announced that the Board of Directors had authorized the Company to repurchase up to $225 million of its common stock through a modified “Dutch Auction” tender offer and an additional $25 million of its common stock, following the completion or termination of the tender offer, under its stock repurchase program, terminating no later than February 11, 2009.  On March 17, 2008, we completed our tender offer, repurchased and retired 7,972,313 shares of outstanding common stock at a price of $28.50 per share for a total of $228.2 million, including expenses.  Such repurchases were accounted for as a reduction in additional paid in capital. There were no repurchases during the first quarter of fiscal 2009.

 

14.  OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)

 

Other income (expense) is as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

Interest and dividend income

 

$

1,444

 

$

4,069

 

Interest expense

 

(77

)

(161

)

Foreign exchange gain

 

502

 

1,424

 

Gain (loss) on investments, net

 

(6,798

)

962

 

Other—net

 

699

 

(413

)

Other income (expense), net

 

$

(4,230

)

$

5,881

 

 

15.  INCOME TAXES

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS 109”). Under the provisions of SFAS 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, utilizing the currently enacted tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

 

Income tax expense includes a provision for federal, state and foreign taxes based on the annual estimated effective tax rate applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries. The difference between the statutory rate of 35% and the Company’s effective tax rate of (8.9%) for the three months ended December 27, 2008 was due primarily to permanent differences related to the non-deductibility of the goodwill impairment charge, deemed dividend inclusions under the

 

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Subpart F tax rules, an unrealized loss on life insurance policy investments related to our deferred compensation plan and an increase in valuation allowance against certain foreign net operating loss carryforwards.  These amounts are partially offset by permanent differences related to benefit of research and development credits, including additional credits reinstated from FY 2008 resulting from the enactment of the “Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008,” and the benefit of foreign tax credits.

 

Determining the consolidated provision for income taxes, income tax liabilities and deferred tax assets and liabilities involves judgment. We calculate and provide for income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which we operate, which involves estimating current tax exposures as well as making judgments regarding the recoverability of deferred tax assets in each jurisdiction. The estimates used could differ from actual results, which may have a significant impact on operating results in future periods.

 

As of December 27, 2008, the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $52.9 million, of which $28.4 million, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate. Our total gross unrecognized tax benefits were classified as non-current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

Our policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the provision for income taxes. As of December 27, 2008, the total amount of gross interest and penalties accrued was $6.8 million, which is classified as non-current liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

We are subject to taxation and file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in many state and foreign jurisdictions. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, all years prior to 1999 are closed. The years 2003 and 2004 are currently under examination by the IRS. The IRS is also auditing the research and development credits generated in the years 1999 through 2001 and carried forward to future years.  We responded to a NOPA issued by the IRS in October 2008 to decrease the amount of research and development credits generated in 2000 and 2001 and we intend to dispute the proposed adjustment with the IRS through the appeals process available to us.  The IRS has also indicated that it may consider an audit of our 2005 and 2006 tax returns. In major state jurisdictions and major foreign jurisdictions, the years subsequent to 1998 generally remain open and could be subject to examination by the taxing authorities.

 

Management believes that it has adequately provided for any adjustments that may result from tax examinations. However, the outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty. Should any issues addressed in our tax audits be resolved in a manner not consistent with management’s expectations, we could be required to adjust our provision for income tax in the period such resolution occurs. Although timing of the resolution and/or closure of audits is highly uncertain, we do not believe it is reasonably possible that our unrecognized tax benefits would materially change in the next 12 months.

 

The “Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008,” which contains the “Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008,” was enacted on October 3, 2008.  Under the Act, the federal research and development credit was retroactively extended for amounts paid or incurred after December 31, 2007 and before January 1, 2010.  The effects of the change in the tax law are recognized in our first quarter of fiscal 2009, which is the quarter that the law was enacted.  In addition to the federal legislation, California Assembly Bill 1452 was enacted on September 30, 2008.  This legislation limits the utilization of the California research and development credit to 50% of the California tax liability for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2008 and before January 1, 2010.

 

16.  SEGMENT INFORMATION

 

We are organized into two reportable operating segments: Commercial Lasers and Components (“CLC”) and Specialty Lasers and Systems (“SLS”). CLC focuses on higher volume products that are offered in set configurations. The product architectures are designed for easy exchange at the point of use such that product service and repairs are generally based upon advanced replacement and depot (i.e., factory) repair. CLC’s primary markets include OEM components and instrumentation and materials processing. SLS develops and manufacturers configurable, advanced-performance products largely serving the microelectronics and scientific research markets. The size and complexity of many of the SLS products generally require service to be performed at the customer site by factory-trained field service engineers.

 

Effective as of the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2009, in order to align all of our diode-pumped solid state (“DPSS”) technology into the same reportable operating segment, management moved the DPSS Germany and Crystal product families from the CLC segment into the SLS segment.  This allows for leverage and efficiencies in many parts of the business. Crystal is primarily an internal supplier that supports the DPSS product family. This concentrates all DPSS product families in the SLS segment effective as of the first quarter of fiscal 2009. All of reporting has been aligned to reflect the revised reportable operating segments (CLC and SLS) and prior periods have been restated.

 

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We have identified CLC and SLS as operating segments for which discrete financial information is available. Both operating segments have engineering, marketing, product business management and product line management. A small portion of our outside revenue is attributable to projects and recently developed products for which a segment has not yet been determined. The associated direct and indirect costs are presented in the category of Corporate and other, along with other corporate costs as described below.

 

Pursuant to SFAS 131, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”, our Chief Executive Officer has been identified as the chief operating decision maker (CODM) as he assesses the performance of the segments and decides how to allocate resources to the segments. Income (loss) from operations is the measure of profit and loss that our CODM uses to assess performance and make decisions. Assets by segment are not a measure used to assess the performance of the company by the CODM; therefore we do not report assets by segment internally or in our disclosures. Income (loss) from operations represents the net sales less the cost of sales and direct operating expenses incurred within the operating segments as well as allocated expenses such as shared sales and manufacturing costs. We do not allocate to our operating segments certain operating expenses which we manage separately at the corporate level. These unallocated costs include stock-based compensation and corporate functions (certain research and development, management, finance, legal and human resources) and are included in the results below under Corporate and other in the reconciliation of operating results. Management does not consider unallocated Corporate and other costs in its measurement of segment performance.

 

The following table provides net sales and income (loss) from operations for our operating segments (in thousands):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

Net sales:

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Lasers and Components

 

$

37,380

 

$

47,248

 

Specialty Lasers and Systems

 

86,983

 

97,023

 

Corporate and other

 

25

 

25

 

Total net sales

 

$

124,388

 

$

144,296

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) from operations:

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Lasers and Components

 

$

(23,768

)

$

822

 

Specialty Lasers and Systems

 

13,734

 

13,902

 

Corporate and other

 

788

 

(13,573

)

Total income (loss) from operations

 

$

(9,246

)

$

1,151

 

 

17.   SUBSEQUENT EVENT

 

On February 4, 2009, we announced that we will be exiting our facilities in Tampere, Finland and St. Louis, Missouri. We plan to merge the St. Louis, Missouri development and manufacturing operations into our Santa Clara, California operations as part of our semiconductor business, with applications and marketing supported by our Bloomfield organization. We expect this transfer to be completed within the fourth quarter of fiscal 2009. We have initiated the planning phase of a multiyear project, with a targeted completion date of September 2010, to exit our epitaxial growth facility in Tampere, Finland and establish enhanced capabilities in Santa Clara, California.

 

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

COMPANY OVERVIEW

 

BUSINESS BACKGROUND

 

We are one of the world’s leading suppliers of photonics-based solutions in a broad range of commercial and scientific research applications. We design, manufacture and market lasers, precision optics and related accessories for a diverse group of customers. Since inception in 1966, we have grown through internal expansion and through strategic acquisitions of complementary businesses, technologies, intellectual property, manufacturing processes and product offerings.

 

We are organized into two operating segments: Commercial Lasers and Components (CLC”) and Specialty Lasers and Systems (“SLS”). This segmentation reflects the go-to-market strategies for various products and markets. While both segments work to deliver cost-effective photonics solutions, CLC focuses on higher volume products that are offered in set configurations. The product architectures are designed for easy exchange at the point of use such that substantially all product service and repairs are based upon advanced replacement and depot (i.e., factory) repair. CLC’s primary markets include OEM components and instrumentation and materials processing. SLS develops and manufactures configurable, advanced-performance products largely serving the microelectronics and scientific research markets. The size and complexity of many of the SLS products generally require service to be performed at the customer site by factory-trained field service engineers.

 

Effective as of the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2009, in order to align all of our diode-pumped solid state (“DPSS”) technology into the same reportable operating segment, management moved the DPSS Germany and Crystal product families from the CLC segment into the SLS segment. This allows for leverage and efficiencies in many parts of the business. Crystal is primarily an internal supplier that supports the DPSS product family. This concentrates all DPSS product families in the SLS segment effective as of the first quarter of fiscal 2009. All of reporting has been aligned to reflect the revised reportable operating segments (CLC and SLS) and prior periods have been restated.

 

Income (loss) from operations is the measure of profit and loss that our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) uses to assess performance and make decisions. Income (loss) from operations represents the net sales less the cost of sales and direct operating expenses incurred within the operating segments as well as allocated expenses such as shared sales and manufacturing costs. We do not allocate to our operating segments certain operating expenses which we manage separately at the corporate level. These unallocated costs include stock-based compensation and corporate functions (certain research and development, management, finance, legal and human resources) and are included in Corporate and Other. Management does not consider unallocated Corporate and Other costs in its measurement of segment performance.

 

MARKET APPLICATIONS

 

Our products address a broad range of applications that we group into the following markets: Microelectronics, Materials Processing, OEM Components and Instrumentation, and Scientific Research and Government Programs.

 

OUR STRATEGY

 

We strive to develop innovative and proprietary products and solutions that meet the needs of our customers and that are based on our core expertise in lasers and optical technologies. In pursuit of our strategy, we intend to:

 

·                  Leverage our technology portfolio and application engineering to lead the proliferation of photonics into broader markets—We will continue to identify opportunities in which our technology portfolio and application engineering can be used to offer innovative solutions and gain access to new markets.

 

·                  Optimize our leadership position in existing markets—There are a number of markets where we have historically been at the forefront of technological development and product deployment and from which we have derived a substantial portion of our revenues. We plan to optimize our financial returns from these markets.

 

·                  Maintain and develop additional strong collaborative customer and industry relationships—We believe that the Coherent brand name and reputation for product quality, technical performance and customer satisfaction will help us to further develop our loyal customer base. We plan to maintain our current customer relationships and develop new ones with customers who are industry leaders and work together with these customers to design and develop innovative product systems and solutions as they develop new technologies.

 

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·                  Develop and acquire new technologies and market share—We will continue to enhance our market position through our existing technologies and develop new technologies through our internal research and development efforts, as well as through the acquisition of additional complementary technologies, intellectual property, manufacturing processes and product offerings.

 

·                  Focus on long-term improvement of adjusted EBITDA expressed as a percentage of net sales—We define adjusted EBITDA as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, stock compensation expenses and certain other non-operating income and expense items.

 

APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Our discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We have identified the following as the items that require the most significant judgment and often involve complex estimation: revenue recognition, accounting for long-lived assets (including goodwill and intangible assets), inventory valuation, warranty reserves, stock-based compensation and accounting for income taxes.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We recognize revenue when all four revenue recognition criteria have been met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered or the service has been rendered, the price is fixed or determinable and collection is probable. Revenue from product sales is recorded when all of the foregoing conditions are met and risk of loss and title passes to the customer. Our products typically include a warranty and the estimated cost of product warranty claims (based on historical experience) is recorded at the time the sale is recognized. Sales to customers are generally not subject to any price protection or return rights.

 

The vast majority of our sales are made to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), distributors, resellers and end-users in the non-scientific market. Sales made to these customers do not require installation of the products by us and are not subject to other post-delivery obligations, except in occasional instances where we have agreed to perform installation or provide training. In those instances, we defer revenue related to installation services or training until these services have been rendered. We allocate revenue from multiple element arrangements to the various elements based upon relative fair values.

 

Should changes in conditions cause management to determine these criteria are not met for certain future transactions, revenue recognized for any reporting period could be adversely affected. Failure to obtain anticipated orders due to delays or cancellations of orders could have a material adverse effect on our revenue. In addition, pressures from customers to reduce our prices or to modify our existing sales terms may have a material adverse effect on our revenue in future periods.

 

Our sales to distributors, resellers and end-user customers typically do not have customer acceptance provisions and only certain of our sales to OEM customers have customer acceptance provisions. Customer acceptance is generally limited to performance under our published product specifications. For the few product sales that have customer acceptance provisions because of higher than published specifications, (1) the products are tested and accepted by the customer at our site or by the customer’s acceptance of the results of our testing program prior to shipment to the customer, or (2) the revenue is deferred until customer acceptance occurs.

 

Sales to end-users in the scientific market typically require installation and, thus, involve post-delivery obligations; however our post-delivery installation obligations are not essential to the functionality of our products. We defer revenue related to installation services until completion of these services.

 

For most products, training is not provided; therefore, no post-delivery training obligation exists. However, when training is provided to our customers, it is typically priced separately and recognized as revenue after these services have been provided.

 

Long-Lived Assets

 

We evaluate long-lived assets and amortizable intangible assets whenever events or changes in business circumstances or our planned use of assets indicate that their carrying amounts may not be fully recoverable or that their useful lives are no longer appropriate. Reviews are performed to determine whether the carrying values of assets are impaired based on comparison to the undiscounted expected future cash flows identifiable to such long-lived and amortizable intangible assets. If the comparison indicates that impairment exists, the impaired asset is written down to its fair value.

 

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Table of Contents

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” (“SFAS 142”) goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests in certain circumstances, and written down when impaired (see Note 6 in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements). During the three months ended December 27, 2008, our stock price declined substantially, which, after considering the underlying circumstances, we concluded represented a triggering event for review for potential goodwill impairment. Accordingly, as of December 27, 2008, we have performed an interim goodwill impairment evaluation, as required under SFAS No. 142. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill is tested for impairment first by comparing each reporting unit’s fair value to its respective carrying value. If such comparison indicates a potential impairment, then the impairment is determined as the difference between the recorded value of goodwill and its fair value. The performance of this test is a two-step process.

 

Step 1 of the impairment test involves comparing the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their aggregate carrying values, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, we perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test to determine the amount of impairment loss. Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the implied fair value of the affected reporting unit’s goodwill against the carrying value of that goodwill.

 

The reporting units we evaluated for goodwill impairment have been determined to be the same as our operating segments in accordance with SFAS No. 142 for determining reporting units and include Commercial Lasers and Components (“CLC”) and Specialty Lasers and Systems (“SLS”).  We determined the fair value of our reporting units for the Step 1 test using a weighting of the Income (discounted cash flow), Market and Transaction approach valuation methodologies. We have completed Step 1 of the impairment test. Management has reviewed the results of the Step 1 analysis and concluded that a Step 2 analysis was required only for the CLC reporting unit. The preliminary results of the Step 2 assessment for CLC indicate that the entire balance of goodwill in the CLC reporting unit at that date is impaired.  The estimated fair value of our SLS reporting unit exceeded its carrying value so no further impairment analysis was required for this reporting unit.

 

We will finalize the Step 2 analysis during the second quarter of fiscal 2009 and make any necessary adjustments. The non-cash impairment of goodwill of $19.3 million was recorded in the three months ended December 27, 2008.

 

At December 27, 2008, we had $90.2 million of goodwill and purchased intangible assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. At December 27, 2008, we had $102.5 million of property and equipment on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

 

It is reasonably possible that the estimates of anticipated future net revenue, the remaining estimated economic life of the products and technologies, or both, could differ from those used to assess the recoverability of these assets. In addition, if the price of our common stock were to significantly decrease, thus indicating that the underlying fair value of our reporting units or other long-lived assets may have decreased, or any other adverse change in market conditions occur, particularly if such change has the effect of changing one of the critical assumptions or estimates we used to calculate the estimated fair value of our reporting units, we may be required to assess the recoverability of such assets in the period such circumstances are identified. In that event, additional impairment charges or shortened useful lives of certain long-lived assets may be required.

 

Inventory Valuation

 

We record our inventory at the lower of cost (computed on a first-in, first-out basis) or market. We write-down our inventory to its estimated market value based on assumptions about future demand and market conditions. Inventory write-downs are generally recorded within guidelines set by management when the inventory for a device exceeds 12 months of its demand and when individual parts have been in inventory for greater than 12 months. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required which could materially affect our future results of operations. Due to rapidly changing forecasts and orders, additional write-downs for excess or obsolete inventory, while not currently expected, could be required in the future. In the event that alternative future uses of fully written down inventories are identified, we may experience better than normal profit margins when such inventory is sold. Differences between actual results and previous estimates of excess and obsolete inventory could materially affect our future results of operations. We write-down our demo inventory by amortizing the cost of demo inventory over a twenty month period starting from the fourth month after such inventory is placed in service.

 

Warranty Reserves

 

We provide warranties on certain of our product sales and allowances for estimated warranty costs are recorded during the period of sale. The determination of such allowances requires us to make estimates of product return rates and expected costs

 

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to repair or replace the products under warranty. We currently establish warranty reserves based on historical warranty costs for each product line. The weighted average warranty period covered is nearly 15 months. If actual return rates and/or repair and replacement costs differ significantly from our estimates, adjustments to cost of sales may be required in future periods.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

We account for share-based compensation using the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123(R). We estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes Merton model. We use historical data to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures and record share-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. We amortize the fair value of stock options on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally the vesting periods. We value restricted stock units using the intrinsic value method. We amortize the value of restricted stock units on a straight-line basis over the restriction period.

 

SFAS 123(R) requires the use of option pricing models that were not developed for use in valuing employee stock options. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of short-lived exchange traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option-pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life, the expected price volatility of the underlying stock and an estimate of expected forfeitures. Our computation of expected volatility considers historical volatility and market-based implied volatility. Our estimate of expected forfeitures is based on historical employee data and could differ from actual forfeitures.

 

See Note 9 in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of our share-based employee compensation plans and the assumptions we use to calculate the fair value of share-based employee compensation.

 

Income Taxes

 

As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income tax provision (benefit) in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating our current income tax provision (benefit) together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated balance sheets.

 

We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount that more likely than not will be realized. While we have considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for the valuation allowance, in the event we were to determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the future in excess of our net recorded amount, an adjustment to the allowance for the deferred tax assets would increase income in the period such determination was made. Likewise, should we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the valuation allowance for the deferred tax assets would be charged to income in the period such determination was made.

 

Effective September 30, 2007, we adopted the provisions of FIN 48, which creates a single model to address accounting for uncertainty in tax positions by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 establishes a two-step approach for evaluating tax positions. The first step, recognition, occurs when a company concludes (based solely on the technical aspects of the matter) that a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by a taxing authority. The second step, measurement, is only considered after step one has been satisfied and measures any tax benefit at the largest amount that is deemed more likely than not to be realized upon ultimate settlement of the uncertainty. These determinations involve significant judgment by management. Tax positions that fail to qualify for initial recognition are recognized in the first subsequent interim period that they meet the more likely than not standard or when they are resolved through negotiation or litigation with factual interpretation, judgment and certainty. Tax laws and regulations themselves are complex and are subject to change as a result of changes in fiscal policy, changes in legislation, evolution of regulations and court filings. Therefore, the actual liability for U.S. or foreign taxes may be materially different from our estimates, which could result in the need to record additional tax liabilities or potentially to reverse previously recorded tax liabilities.

 

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Table of Contents

 

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

 

The following is a summary of some of the quantitative performance indicators (as defined below) that may be used to assess our results of operations and financial condition:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

Change

 

% Change

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bookings

 

$

103,319

 

$

154,857

 

$

(51,538

)

(33.3

)%

Net sales—Commercial Lasers and Components

 

$

37,380

 

$

47,248

 

$

(9,868

)

(20.9

)%

Net sales—Specialty Lasers and Systems

 

$

86,983

 

$

97,023

 

$

(10,040

)

(10.3

)%

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales—Commercial Lasers and Components

 

30.0

%

39.1

%

(9.1

)%

(23.3

)%

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales—Specialty Lasers and Systems

 

45.0

%

43.7

%

1.3

%

3.0

%

Research and development as a percentage of net sales

 

11.9

%

12.7

%

(0.8

)%

(6.3

)%

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

$

(13,476

)

$

7,032

 

$

(20,508

)

(291.6

)%

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

 

$

(9,398

)

$

13,077

 

$

(22,475

)

(171.9

)%

Days sales outstanding in receivables

 

68.9

 

60.5

 

8.4

 

13.9

%

Days sales outstanding in inventories

 

85.4

 

70.4

 

15.0

 

21.3

%

Capital spending as a percentage of net sales

 

7.2

%

3.2

%

4.0

%

125.0

%

 

Definitions and analysis of these performance indicators are as follows:

 

Bookings

 

Bookings represent orders expected to be shipped within 12 months and services to be provided pursuant to service contracts. While we generally have not experienced a significant rate of cancellation, bookings are generally cancelable by our customers without substantial penalty and, therefore, we can not assure all bookings will be converted to net sales.

 

First quarter bookings decreased 33.3% from the same quarter one year ago. Bookings decreased in the microelectronics, OEM components and instrumentation and materials processing markets and were flat in the scientific and government programs market.

 

Microelectronics

 

Microelectronics bookings decreased 37% from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, as the drop in consumer confidence and spending continues to depress the microelectronics market. Non-service orders during the first quarter of fiscal 2009 can be characterized as technology buys or design wins. And while service orders have remained stable, we are very mindful how changes in semi-conductor fabrication plant utilization rates will affect this part of our business.

 

Orders from semi cap applications remained weak due to further reductions in projected capital spending by our customers and their end customers for 2009. Despite this trend, previous design wins led to key technology buys that, in turn, should lead to market share gain over the next twelve months.

 

Bookings from advanced packaging users decreased as integrators appear to be using up their existing inventories and end users struggle with excess capacity. We believe this market will remain depressed until broader economic stimuli reignite consumer demand for electronics.

 

Orders for flat panel display manufacturing were driven by service needs. From an application standpoint, the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) transition across various flat panel display formats is creating new opportunities and has expanded demand for sensitive/mobile touch screens that contributed to the new order activity in the market.

 

Bookings for solar cell manufacturing reached an all-time high in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. Demand was strongest from crystalline silicon applications where our UV lasers are used in critical process steps that enhance yield and optical-to-electrical

 

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conversion efficiency. We are working closely with customers to push these processes to full-scale manufacturing. The offset to this good news is that tight credit, low energy prices and sagging consumer confidence are slowing the rate of investment in the broader solar and renewable energy markets. All things considered, we are guardedly optimistic about this opportunity.

 

OEM Components and Instrumentation

 

Orders for OEM components and instrumentation decreased 27% from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008. Orders for lasers used in aesthetic and refractive applications continue to be pressured by reductions in consumer spending. Non-refractive ophthalmology continues to show signs of strength, based upon the adoption of the Genesis 577™ laser system for retinal therapies. In general, bioinstrumentation customers remain in healthy condition and are managing inventory and risk by shifting towards smaller, more frequent orders. We expect this pattern to continue for the near-term future.

 

The OPS portfolio expanded with the introduction at the 2009 Photonics West tradeshow (“Photonics West”) of the Genesis™ 532-2000, a continuous wave green laser suitable for a variety of uses including instrumentation and scientific research. The system boasts the same benefits as our other OPS offerings including compactness, power scalability, high wall plug efficiency and long operating lifetimes.

 

Materials Processing

 

Materials processing orders decreased 20% from the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, including a debooking of approximately $3 million of previously scheduled backlog.

 

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008, we had seen a slowdown from domestic customers. In the first quarter of fiscal 2009, the weakening was from Asian and European customers. We believe the two underlying causes are the tightening of credit and the erosion of the Euro relative to the dollar.

 

While the current market conditions are unfavorable, materials processing remains a key long-term opportunity for the photonics market. We are making targeted investments to increase our participation in the materials processing market. At Photonics West, we introduced the Highlight™ 1000F, which is a fiber-delivered, direct diode system that produces 1 kiloWatt at the end of the fiber and it can be used for a wide range of applications including welding, cladding, brazing and heat treating. Among the many benefits the 1000F offers are outstanding electrical-to-optical efficiency and ease of integration and operation. The evaluation of alpha units has gone very well and we have received our first orders.

 

Scientific and Government Programs

 

Scientific and government programs orders decreased 16% from a strong fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 and were flat compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2008. This was a typical first quarter in the scientific market. Europe and Asia posted solid bookings and the U.S. bookings decreased after a very robust fourth quarter of fiscal 2008. In general, market dynamics were stable, although there is evidence of aggressive pricing from smaller competitors trying to sustain their order stream. We are watching this carefully and still believe that product differentiation and company sustainability represent the winning formula.

 

As part of our market strategy, we introduced a new, high-performance ultrafast amplifier called the Libra™ HE at Photonics West. The HE is a black box system that delivers flexible performance for applications in photochemistry and materials science. We believe that this combination represents a compelling option for researchers.

 

The outlook for this market remains stable as the primary funding sources, which are public funds, seem secure. The decline in the value of university endowments has a small influence on revenue opportunities in the scientific market, mostly for start-up grants for new professors. It remains to be seen whether the recently discussed stimulus package, including $10 billion for research and technology will have a meaningful impact on the photonics market.

 

Net Sales

 

Net sales include sales of lasers, precision optics, related accessories and service contracts. Net sales for the first fiscal quarter decreased 20.9% in our CLC segment and decreased 10.3% in our SLS segment from the same quarter one year ago. For a description of the reasons for changes in net sales refer to the “Results of Operations” section of this quarterly report.

 

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Gross Profit as a Percentage of Net Sales

 

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales (“gross profit percentage”) is calculated as gross profit for the period divided by net sales for the period.  Gross profit percentage in the first quarter decreased from 39.1% to 30.0% in our CLC segment and increased from 43.7% to 45.0% in our SLS segment from the same quarter one year ago.  For a more complete description of the reasons for changes in gross profit refer to the “Results of Operations” section of this quarterly report.

 

Research and Development as a Percentage of Net Sales

 

Research and development as a percentage of net sales (“R&D percentage”) is calculated as research and development expense for the period divided by net sales for the period.  Management considers R&D percentage to be an important indicator in managing our business as investing in new technologies is a key to future growth.  R&D percentage decreased to 11.9% from 12.7% in the first fiscal quarter from the same quarter one year ago.  For a more complete description of the reasons for changes in R&D percentage refer to the “Results of Operations” section of this quarterly report.

 

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities shown on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows primarily represents the excess or shortfall of cash collected from billings to our customers and other receipts over cash paid to our vendors for expenses and inventory purchases to run our business.  We believe that cash flows from operations is an important performance indicator because cash generation over the long term is essential to maintaining a healthy business and providing funds to help fuel growth.  Although we did not generate positive cash flows from operating activities in the first quarter of fiscal 2009, we expect to generate positive cash flows from operations for fiscal 2009. For a more complete description of the reasons for changes in Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities refer to the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of this quarterly report.

 

Days Sales Outstanding in Receivables

 

We calculate days sales outstanding (“DSO”) in receivables as net receivables at the end of the period divided by net sales during the period and then multiplied by the number of days in the period, using 90 days for quarters.  DSO in receivables indicates how well we are managing our collection of receivables, with lower DSO in receivables resulting in more cash flow available.  The more money we have tied up in receivables, the less money we have available for research and development, acquisitions, expansion, marketing and other activities to grow our business.  Our DSO in receivables for the first quarter of fiscal 2009 increased 8.4 days from the same quarter one year ago primarily due to the timing of cash collections around the holidays at the end of the quarter due to more customer shutdowns, slower collections due to the current economic climate and the impact of foreign exchange rates (2.2 days), particularly in Japan.

 

Days Sales Outstanding in Inventories

 

We calculate DSO in inventories as net inventories at the end of the period divided by net sales during the period and then multiplied by the number of days in the period, using 90 days for quarters.  DSO in inventories indicates how well we are managing our inventory levels, with lower DSO in inventories resulting in more cash flow available.  The more money we have tied up in inventory, the less money we have available for research and development, acquisitions, expansion, marketing and other activities to grow our business.  Our DSO in inventories for the first quarter of fiscal 2009 increased 15.0 days from the same quarter one year ago primarily due to inventory increases in preparation for product outsourcing and manufacturing consolidation and lower revenues in the first quarter of fiscal 2009.

 

Capital Spending as a Percentage of Net Sales

 

Capital spending as a percentage of net sales (“capital spending percentage”) is calculated as capital expenditures for the period divided by net sales for the period.  Capital spending percentage indicates the extent to which we are expanding or improving our operations, including investments in technology.  Our capital spending percentage increased to 7.2% for the first quarter from 3.2% for the same quarter one year ago primarily due to the purchase of assets in support of a more effective business model for our semiconductor business and building investments related to our footprint reduction programs.  As a result of our multiple manufacturing consolidation programs, we anticipate capital spending for fiscal 2009 to be higher than our historical spending number.

 

SIGNIFICANT EVENTS

 

During the three months ended December 27, 2008, our stock price declined substantially, which, after considering the underlying circumstance, we concluded represented a triggering event for review for potential goodwill impairment.  Accordingly, as of December 27, 2008, we have performed an interim goodwill impairment evaluation, as required under SFAS No. 142. The performance of this test is a two-step process, but we have only competed Step 1 of the process.  Management has reviewed the results of the Step 1 analysis and concluded that a Step 2 analysis was required only for the CLC reporting unit. The preliminary results of the Step 2 assessment for CLC indicate that the entire balance of goodwill in the CLC reporting unit at that date is impaired.  The non-cash impairment of goodwill of $19.3 million was recorded in the three months ended December 27, 2008.

 

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This estimated impairment adjustment will be finalized during the second quarter of fiscal 2009. Management believes any adjustment to this preliminary charge will not be material; however, until such time as the Step 2 evaluation is complete any potential changes are uncertain. The estimated fair value of our SLS reporting unit exceeded its carrying value so no further impairment analysis was required for this reporting unit.  We are in the process of conducting the Step 2 analysis for CLC; however, that analysis remains incomplete as of the date of this report. We will complete the Step 2 analysis during the second quarter of fiscal 2009 and make any necessary adjustments.

 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

CONSOLIDATED SUMMARY

 

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage of total net sales represented by the line items reflected in our condensed consolidated statements of operations:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

Net sales

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

Cost of sales

 

59.5

%

58.1

%

Gross profit

 

40.5

%

41.9

%

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

Research and development

 

11.9

%

12.7

%

Selling, general and administrative

 

19.0

%

26.9

%

Impairment of goodwill

 

15.5

%

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

1.5

%

1.5

%

Total operating expenses

 

47.9

%

41.1

%

Income (loss) from operations

 

(7.4

)%

0.8

%

Other income (net)

 

(3.4

)%

4.1

%

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

(10.8

)%

4.9

%

Provision for income taxes

 

1.0

%

1.6

%

Net income (loss)

 

(11.8

)%

3.3

%

 

Net loss for the first quarter of fiscal 2009 was $14.7 million ($0.61 per share) including a charge for goodwill impairment of $19.3 million, $2.6 million of after-tax restructuring costs, $1.2 million of after-tax stock-related compensation expense and $0.3 million of after-tax costs related to litigation resulting from our internal stock option investigation.  Net income for the first quarter of fiscal 2008 was $4.7 million ($0.15 per diluted share) including $2.8 million of after-tax costs related to our restatement of financial statements and litigation resulting from our internal stock option investigation and $1.9 million of after-tax stock-related compensation expense.

 

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NET SALES

 

Market Application

 

The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, the amount of net sales and their relative percentages of total net sales by market application (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27, 2008

 

December 29, 2007

 

 

 

Amount

 

Percentage
of total
net sales

 

Amount

 

Percentage
of total
net sales

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Microelectronics

 

$

39,978

 

32.1

%

$

48,673

 

33.7

%

OEM components and instrumentation

 

36,738

 

29.6

%

40,981

 

28.4

%

Materials processing

 

17,442

 

14.0

%

24,503

 

17.0

%

Scientific and government programs

 

30,230

 

24.3

%

30,139

 

20.9

%

Total

 

$

124,388

 

100.0

%

$

144,296

 

100.0

%

 

Net sales for the first quarter of fiscal 2009 decreased by $19.9 million, or 14%, including a decrease of $1.4 million due to the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2008.  Sales decreased in the microelectronics, materials processing and OEM components and instrumentation markets and increased slightly in the scientific and government programs market.

 

The decrease in the microelectronics market of $8.7 million, or 18%, was primarily due to lower sales in advanced packaging and semiconductor applications partially offset by higher sales in flat panel display and solar applications.  As indicated before, a drop in consumer confidence and spending continues to impact this market negatively. Sales in the material processing market decreased $7.1 million, or 29%, primarily due to lower commercial laser shipments for consumer applications.  The decrease in the OEM components and instrumentation market of $4.2 million, or 10%, was due primarily to reduced consumer spending for medical applications.

 

Although we continue to have a sizeable backlog of orders, current market conditions make it difficult to predict future orders.

 

Segments

 

The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, the amount of net sales and their relative percentages of total net sales by segment (dollars in thousands):

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27, 2008

 

December 29, 2007

 

 

 

Amount

 

Percentage
of total
net sales

 

Amount

 

Percentage
of total
net sales

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial Lasers and Components (CLC)

 

$

37,380

 

30.1

%

$

47,248

 

32.7

%

Specialty Lasers and Systems (SLS)

 

86,983

 

69.9

%

97,023

 

67.3

%

Corporate and Other

 

25

 

0.0

%

25

 

0.0

%

Total

 

$

124,388

 

100.0

%

$

144,296

 

100.0

%

 

Net sales for the first quarter of fiscal 2009 decreased by $19.9 million, or 14%, compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2008, with decreases of $9.9 million, or 21%, in our CLC segment and decreases of $10.0 million, or 10%, in our SLS segment.

 

The decrease in our CLC segment sales was primarily due to lower advanced packaging, medical and semiconductor application sales.  The decrease in our SLS segment sales was primarily due to lower revenue for medical, microelectronics and semiconductor applications partially offset by higher solar application sales.

 

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GROSS PROFIT

 

Consolidated

 

Our gross profit rate decreased 1.4% to 40.5% from 41.9% in the first fiscal quarter of 2009 compared to the same quarter one year ago.

 

The decrease in gross profit was primarily due to higher other costs (2.5%) due to higher inventory provisions, the impact of current quarter restructuring activities (2.4%) and higher stock-based compensation expense (0.1%) and was partially offset by the benefit of a weakened Euro, improved product mix in the scientific and OEM components and instrumentation markets and lower manufacturing costs (2.5%), lower warranty costs (0.6%) and a higher benefit due to losses on deferred compensation plan liabilities (0.5%).

 

Our gross profit rate has been and will continue to be affected by a variety of factors including market mix, manufacturing efficiencies, excess and obsolete inventory write-downs, warranty costs, pricing by competitors or suppliers, new product introductions, production volume, customization and reconfiguration of systems, commodity prices and foreign currency fluctuations.

 

Commercial Lasers and Components

 

The gross profit rate in our CLC segment decreased to 30.0% from 39.1% in the first fiscal quarter of 2009 compared to the same quarter one year ago.

 

The 9.1% decrease in gross profit was primarily due to higher other costs (5.3%), higher inventory provisions and the impact of current quarter restructuring activities (5.0%), and was partially offset by more favorable product mix (0.9%) in the semiconductor market and lower warranty and installation costs (0.3%).

 

Specialty Lasers and Systems

 

The gross profit rate in our SLS segment increased to 45.0% from 43.7% in the first fiscal quarter of 2009 compared to the same quarter one year ago.

 

The 1.3% increase in gross profit was primarily due to a more favorable product mix in the scientific and OEM components and instrumentation markets, a favorable impact from a weakened Euro, and lower materials costs (3.7%), lower warranty costs (0.6%) and lower installation costs (0.2%) partially offset by the impact of current quarter restructuring activities (1.8%) and higher other costs (1.4%) due to higher inventory provisions.

 

OPERATING EXPENSES:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27, 2008

 

December 29, 2007

 

 

 

Amount

 

Percentage of
total net sales

 

Amount

 

Percentage of
total net sales

 

 

 

(Dollars in thousands)

 

Research and development

 

$

14,778

 

11.9

%

$

18,319

 

12.7

%

Selling, general and administrative

 

23,628

 

19.0

%

38,818

 

26.9

%

Impairment of goodwill

 

19,286

 

15.5

%

 

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

1,943

 

1.5

%

2,206

 

1.5

%

Total operating expenses

 

$

59,635

 

47.9

%

$

59,343

 

41.1

%

 

Research and development (“R&D”) expenses decreased $3.5 million, or 19%, during the fiscal quarter ended December 27, 2008 compared to the same quarter one year ago.  The decrease was primarily due to lower project spending ($1.8 million), lower payroll and bonus spending ($1.4 million), higher benefit due to losses on deferred compensation plan liabilities ($1.2 million) with the related loss on deferred compensation plan assets recorded in other income (expense), the impact of foreign currency exchange rates ($0.4 million) and $0.1 million lower stock-related compensation expense, partially offset by higher restructuring costs ($0.5 million), lower net reimbursements from customers for development projects ($0.3 million) and $0.6 million lower other discretionary spending.  On a segment basis, CLC project spending decreased $1.2 million, including lower project spending, lower payroll and bonus spending.  SLS research and development spending decreased $1.0 million, including lower spending on projects, lower payroll and bonus spending.  Corporate and Other spending decreased $1.3 million due to the $1.2 million higher benefit due to losses on deferred compensation plan liabilities and lower stock-related compensation expense.

 

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Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses decreased $15.2 million or 39%, during the fiscal quarter ended December 27, 2008 compared to the same quarter one year ago.  The decrease in SG&A expenses was primarily due to a $6.8 million higher benefit due to losses on deferred compensation plan liabilities with the related loss on deferred compensation plan assets recorded in other income (expense), $4.3 million lower costs related to our restatement of financial statements and litigation resulting from our internal stock option investigation, $3.1 million lower payroll and bonus spending, the impact of foreign currency exchange rates ($0.8 million), $0.7 million lower stock-related compensation expense and $0.1 million lower other net spending, partially offset by current quarter restructuring costs ($0.6 million).  On a segment basis, CLC segment expenses decreased $0.7 million and SLS segment expenses decreased $2.0 million, both primarily due to lower payroll and bonus spending and the impact of foreign currency exchange rates.  Spending for Corporate and other decreased $12.5 million primarily due to the higher benefit due to losses on deferred compensation plan liabilities ($6.8 million), lower costs related to our restatement of financial statements and litigation resulting from our internal stock option investigation ($4.3 million), lower stock-related compensation expense ($0.7 million) and lower payroll and bonus spending.

 

In accordance with SFAS No. 142, goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis and between annual tests in certain circumstances, and written down when impaired.  During the three months ended December 27, 2008, our stock price declined substantially, which, after considering the underlying circumstance, we concluded represented a triggering event for review for potential goodwill impairment.  Accordingly, as of December 27, 2008, we have performed an interim goodwill impairment evaluation, as required under SFAS No. 142. The performance of this test is a two-step process, but we have only competed Step 1 of the process.  Management has reviewed the results of the Step 1 analysis and concluded that a Step 2 analysis was required only for the CLC reporting unit. The preliminary results of the Step 2 assessment for CLC indicate that the entire balance of goodwill in the CLC reporting unit at that date is impaired.  Management has estimated that the entire $19.3 million balance of goodwill in the CLC reporting unit at that date is impaired.

 

Amortization of intangible assets decreased $0.3 million, or 12%, during the three months ended December 27, 2008 compared to the same quarter one year ago. The decrease was primarily due to the completion of amortization of certain intangibles related to prior acquisitions.

 

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) – NET

 

Other income, net of other expense, decreased $10.1 million during the three months ended December 27, 2008 compared to the same quarter one year ago. The decrease was primarily due to lower interest income ($2.6 million) as a result of lower cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment balances as well as lower rates of return, higher net losses on deferred compensation plan assets ($7.8 million) and lower foreign exchange gains ($0.9 million).

 

INCOME TAXES

 

The effective tax rate on income (loss) before income taxes for the first quarter of fiscal 2009 of (8.9%) was lower than the statutory rate of 35.0% due primarily to permanent differences related to the non-deductibility of the goodwill impairment charge, deemed dividend inclusions under the Subpart F tax rules, an unrealized loss on life insurance policy investments related to our deferred compensation plan and an increase in valuation allowance against certain foreign net operating loss carryforwards.  These amounts are partially offset by permanent differences related to benefit of research and development credits, including additional credits reinstated from FY 2008 resulting from the enactment of the “Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008,” and the benefit of foreign tax credits.

 

The effective tax rate on income before income taxes for the first quarter of fiscal 2008 of 32.8% was lower than the statutory rate of 35.0% due primarily to permanent differences related to the benefit of foreign tax credits and research and development credits partially offset by permanent differences related to deemed dividend inclusions under the Subpart F tax rules.

 

FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

Sources and Uses of Cash

 

Historically, our primary source of cash has been provided through operations. Other sources of cash in the past three fiscal years include proceeds received from the sale of stock through employee stock option and purchase plans, as well as through debt borrowings. Our historical uses of cash have primarily been for the repurchase of our common stock, capital expenditures, acquisitions of businesses and technologies and payments of principal and interest on outstanding debt obligations. Supplemental information pertaining to our historical sources and uses of cash is presented as follows and should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

December 27,
2008

 

December 29,
2007

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

 

$

(9,398

)

$

13,077

 

Sales of shares under employee stock plans

 

3,543

 

 

Capital expenditures

 

(8,911

)

(4,684

)

Net debt borrowings (payments)

 

(2

)

(3

)

 

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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities decreased by $22.5 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2009 compared to the same quarter one year ago. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to lower cash flows from other current liabilities, income taxes payable, accounts payable, accounts receivable and inventories partially offset by higher cash flows from prepaid assets. We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents and short term investments combined with cash to be provided by operating activities will be adequate to cover our working capital needs and planned capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months to the extent such items are known or are reasonably determinable based on current business and market conditions. However, we may elect to finance certain of our capital expenditure requirements through borrowings under our bank credit facilities or other sources of capital. We continue to follow our strategy to further strengthen our financial position by using available cash flow to fund operations.

 

We intend to continue pursuing acquisition opportunities at valuations we believe are reasonable based upon market conditions. However, we cannot accurately predict the timing, size and success of our acquisition efforts or our associated potential capital commitments. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that we will be able to acquire businesses on terms acceptable to us. We expect to fund future acquisitions through unrestricted cash balances and cash flows from operations. If required, we will look for additional borrowings or consider the issuance of securities. The extent to which we will be willing or able to use our common stock to make acquisitions will depend on its market value at the time and the willingness of potential sellers to accept it as full or partial payment.

 

Additional sources of cash available to us included a multi-currency line of credit and domestic lines of credit and bank credit facilities totaling $58.2 million as of December 27, 2008, of which $58.0 million was unused and available. These credit facilities were used in Europe during the first quarter of fiscal 2009 as guarantees. Our domestic line of credit includes a $40 million unsecured revolving credit account with Union Bank of California, which expires on March 31, 2010 and is subject to covenants related to financial ratios and tangible net worth. No amounts have been drawn upon our domestic or multi-currency lines of credit as of December 27, 2008.

 

Our ratio of current assets to current liabilities was 5.2:1 at December 27, 2008 compared to 4.5:1 at September 27, 2008. The increase in our ratio from September 27, 2008 to December 27, 2008 is primarily due to larger decreases in other current liabilities, income taxes payable and accounts payable than in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments. Our cash position, short-term investments, working capital and current debt obligations are as follows:

 

 

 

December 27, 2008

 

September 27, 2008

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

185,235

 

$

213,826

 

Short-term investments

 

14,644

 

4,268

 

Restricted cash, current

 

 

2,645

 

Working capital

 

395,409

 

396,456

 

Total debt obligations

 

20

 

24

 

 

Current Restricted Cash

 

As part of our tender offer to purchase the remaining outstanding shares of Lambda Physik, we were required by local regulations to have funds available for the offer in an account located in Germany. As of September 27, 2008, we had $2.6 million restricted for remaining close out costs associated with our purchase of the remaining outstanding shares of Lambda Physik, which were included in current restricted cash on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We completed the transaction during the first fiscal quarter ended December 27, 2008, and have no restricted funds remaining on our balance sheet as of December 27, 2008.

 

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined under Regulation S-K of the Securities Act of 1933. Information regarding our long-term debt payments, operating lease payments, obligations under SFAS 143, purchase commitments with suppliers and purchase obligations is provided in Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and

 

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Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 27, 2008. There have been no material changes in contractual obligations since September 27, 2008. In December 2008, we entered into a lease agreement for an additional building in Sunnyvale, California. The future minimum lease payments for the building total $5.0 million over ten years. Information regarding our other financial commitments at December 27, 2008 is provided in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in this filing.

 

Changes in Financial Condition

 

Cash used in operating activities during the first quarter of fiscal 2009 was $9.4 million, which included cash used in operating assets and liabilities of $17.5 million, net loss of $14.7 million, increases in net deferred tax assets of $4.9 million and $0.1 million other, partially offset by the non-cash charge for impairment of goodwill of $19.3 million, depreciation and amortization of $6.7 million and stock-based compensation expense of $1.8 million.

 

Cash used in investing activities during the first quarter of fiscal 2009 was $15.9 million, which included $10.3 million, net purchases of available-for-sale securities and $8.9 million used to acquire property and equipment and improve buildings, partially offset by a $2.5 million decrease in restricted cash and $0.8 million in proceeds from dispositions of property and equipment.

 

Cash provided by financing activities during the first quarter of fiscal 2009 was $3.1 million, which included $3.6 million generated from our employee stock option and stock purchase plans partially offset by a decrease of $0.5 million in our cash overdraft.

 

Changes in exchange rates during the first quarter of fiscal 2009 used $6.4 million, primarily due to the weakening of the Euro against the U.S. dollar, partially offset by the strengthening of the Japanese Yen in relation to the U.S. dollar.

 

RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

 

In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ratified the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”)’s Consensus for Issue No. 07-1, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements” (“EITF 07-1”), which defines collaborative arrangements and establishes reporting requirements for transactions between participants in a collaborative arrangement and between participants in the arrangement and third parties. We adopted EITF 07-1 for our fiscal year beginning September 28, 2008. The adoption of EITF 07-1 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 141 (revised 2007) “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”). SFAS 141(R) retains the fundamental requirements of the original pronouncement requiring that the purchase method be used for all business combinations. SFAS 141(R) defines the acquirer as the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the business combination, establishes the acquisition date as the date that the acquirer achieves control and requires the acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest at their fair values as of the acquisition date. SFAS 141(R) also requires that acquisition related costs be recognized separately from the acquisition and recorded as expense. SFAS 141(R) is effective for us for acquisitions after the beginning of our fiscal year 2010.

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. We adopted SFAS 157 in our first quarter of fiscal 2009. The adoption of SFAS 157 for financial assets and financial liabilities did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”) which delayed the effective date of SFAS 157 for all non-financial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. FSP 157-2 is effective for us for our fiscal year beginning October 4, 2009. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of those provisions of SFAS 157 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”). SFAS 159 expands the use of fair value accounting but does not affect existing standards, which require assets or liabilities to be carried at fair value. Under SFAS 159, a company may elect to use fair value to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities, on an instrument-by-instrument basis. If the fair value option is elected, unrealized gains and losses on existing items for which fair value has been elected are reported as a cumulative adjustment to beginning retained earnings. Subsequent to the adoption of SFAS 159, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. We adopted SFAS 159 in our first quarter of fiscal 2009. The adoption of SFAS 159 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

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In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment of SFAS No. 133” (“SFAS 161”). This statement changes the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. SFAS 161 requires us to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why we use derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect our financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for our second quarter of fiscal 2009. We do not expect that the adoption of SFAS 161 will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

 

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. SFAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP SFAS 142-3”). FSP SFAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS 142”). The intent of FSP SFAS 142-3 is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141R and other applicable accounting literature. FSP SFAS 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 and must be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. We will evaluate the potential impact of FSP SFAS 142-3 on acquisitions on a prospective basis.

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162 “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” (“SFAS 162”). This statement is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy, for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP. This statement will be effective 60 days following the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendment to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” We do not expect that the adoption of SFAS 162 will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

 

Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Market risk disclosures

 

We are exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.

 

Interest rate sensitivity

 

A portion of our investment portfolio is composed of fixed income securities. These securities are subject to interest rate risk and will fall in value if market interest rates increase. If market interest rates were to increase immediately and uniformly by 10% from levels at December 27, 2008, the fair value of the portfolio, based on quoted market prices in active markets involving similar assets, would decline by an immaterial amount. We have the ability to generally hold our fixed income investments until maturity and therefore we would not expect our operating results or cash flows to be affected to any significant degree by the effect of a sudden change in market interest rates on our securities portfolio. If necessary, we may sell short-term investments prior to maturity to meet our liquidity needs.

 

At December 27, 2008 the fair value of our available-for-sale debt securities was $10.9 million, all of which were classified as short-term investments.  Gross unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale debt securities were $19,000 and ($12,000), respectively, at December 27, 2008.

 

Foreign currency exchange risk

 

We maintain operations in various countries outside of the United States and foreign subsidiaries that manufacture and sell our products in various global markets. The majority of our sales are transacted in U.S. dollars. However, we do generate revenues in other currencies, primarily the Euro and the Japanese Yen. As a result, our earnings and cash flows are exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We attempt to limit these exposures through financial market instruments. We utilize derivative instruments, primarily forward contracts with maturities of two months or less, to manage our exposure associated with anticipated cash flows and net asset and liability positions denominated in foreign currencies. Gains and losses on the forward contracts are mitigated by gains and losses on the underlying instruments. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

 

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We do not anticipate any material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows resulting from the use of these instruments. There can be no assurance that these strategies will be effective or that transaction losses can be minimized or forecasted accurately.

 

A hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency rates would not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial position.

 

The following table provides information about our foreign exchange forward contracts at December 27, 2008. The table presents the weighted average contractual foreign currency exchange rates, the value of the contracts in U.S. dollars at the contract exchange rate as of the contract maturity date and fair value. The U.S. notional fair value represents the contracted amount valued at December 27, 2008 rates.

 

Forward contracts to sell (buy) foreign currencies for U.S. dollars (in thousands, except contract rates):

 

 

 

Average Contract
Rate

 

U.S. Notional
Contract Value

 

U.S. Notional
Fair Value

 

Euro

 

1.2760

 

$

(12,149

)

$